来源：光明网 8月2日，由中国科协立项支持，中国腐蚀与防护学会主办的氢能产业技术创新与服役安全青年科学家沙 龙活动在中国科技会堂举办，30余位来自高校、科研院所及企业的优秀青年科学家围绕相关议题开展交 流研讨。本次沙龙活动由中国腐蚀与防护学会教授张博威和北京科技大学教授鲁启鹏担任执行主席，国 家材料腐蚀与防护科学数据中心教授马菱薇担任学术秘书。 主旨报告环节，西安交通大学解德刚作"氢对金属中位错与界面的影响"报告，介绍其团队在微纳尺度原 位观察氢致断裂行为方面的研究进展，揭示裂纹扩展与氢分布之间的耦合机制，系统展示在环境透射电 镜条件下对氢与金属微结构相互作用过程的实时捕捉，重点分析氢在晶界、位错与第二相粒子附近的富 集行为及其对裂纹尖端塑性区演化的影响，为理解氢脆微观机制提供了直接实验证据。与会青年科学家 就氢在不同晶体结构中扩散行为的差异、原位实验的时间分辨率、裂纹萌生机制等提问交流。香港理工 大学邹芳鑫以"量子隧穿赋能的自传感耐压纤维增强复合材料及其在储氢材料损伤检测的应用"为题，分 享了其在复合材料多物理场响应特性研究及在储氢容器安全监测中的初步应用，介绍其团队通过在复合 材料中引入碳纳米管网络，利用 ...

记者在北京多家贵金属交易场所探访了解到，近期贵金属价格出现了大幅上涨，销售也十分火热。北京 天雅珠宝城一家铂金专卖店的销售人员说，"今年以来铂金价格上涨明显，吸引了大量消费者来店里选 购，线上直播间也咨询不断"。此外，一些主营黄金饰品的店铺也在醒目位置开设了铂金专柜。现场观 察显示，铂金硬度高、不易氧化，颜色属于银灰色，制成的饰品以镶嵌钻石、彩宝的戒指为主，款式简 约时尚，吸引了许多年轻消费者。除了增售铂金产品，一些店铺还在展台里增加了500克和1000克规格 的投资银条，并提供回收服务。 价格上涨对消费者的影响已逐步显现。刘祥东分析，一是首饰等贵金属制品价格普遍出现跟随性上涨， 部分消费者可能转向K金或镀金替代品；二是光伏组件、燃料电池汽车等新能源终端产品可能出现一定 幅度的提价，间接推高绿色能源转型成本，而手机、电脑等含银电子元件或将通过"减配"来消化成本。 值得注意的是，个人投资者对贵金属的投资兴趣同步升温。专家提醒，当前价格高位运行下，投资门槛 与风险均有所提高。刘祥东认为，"买涨不买跌"的心理可能刺激更多散户入场，需警惕价格剧烈波动带 来的极端风险，尤其是杠杆交易者可能面临追加保证金的压力。吴丹提醒 ...

Core Viewpoint - Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited (HKCG) has signed a strategic cooperation agreement with CIMC Enric Holdings Limited to jointly develop green methanol and hydrogen energy, promoting Hong Kong's green energy transition [1] Group 1: Green Methanol Development - The collaboration will enhance communication and cooperation in areas such as technical cooperation for green methanol, industry standards, and carbon trading compliance [1] - HKCG is the first company in the country to receive ISCC EU and ISCC PLUS international certifications and is engaged in large-scale production of green methanol [1] - The partnership aims to explore new technological applications and promotion of green methanol, leveraging HKCG's comprehensive supply chain network and CIMC Enric's clean energy and maritime business layout [1] Group 2: Hydrogen Energy Projects - HKCG and CIMC Enric have also signed an agreement to expand hydrogen energy project development and application in Hong Kong [1] - Approximately half of the gas supplied by HKCG in Hong Kong consists of hydrogen, supported by an extensive underground gas pipeline network of over 3,700 kilometers [1] - The collaboration will focus on developing efficient hydrogen extraction and storage technologies, expanding hydrogen applications in transportation and charging stations [1] Group 3: Commitment to Clean Energy - HKCG will continue to invest resources in clean energy development, utilizing its advantages and partnerships to align with the national "3060" dual carbon goals and Hong Kong's 2050 carbon neutrality strategy [1]

Industry Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Outperform the Market" and is maintained [2] Core Insights - The report highlights the significance of the NDC3.0 commitment as a stabilizing factor for global green energy transition, with expectations for improved demand in the green industry [6] - It emphasizes that China's green production capacity is a strong support for global energy transition, countering the misconception of "overcapacity" [7] - The report suggests that under the NDC3.0 commitment, the profitability of related green industry chains is expected to improve, particularly in the photovoltaic sector [8] Summary by Relevant Sections Industry Basic Information - Closing index level is 7548.79, with a 52-week high of 8068.94 and a low of 5403.16 [2] Industry Relative Index Performance - The relative performance of the electricity equipment sector shows a positive trend, with increases from -7% in July 2024 to 18% in July 2025 compared to the CSI 300 index [4] Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on the photovoltaic industry chain, particularly on battery cell technologies such as those from Aiko Solar and Longi Green Energy, due to expected supply-demand improvements and new technology premiums [8]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing role of lithium batteries and new energy vehicles as key drivers of China's foreign trade growth amid the global green energy transition [1][2] Group 1: Industry Insights - The "new three items," including lithium batteries and new energy vehicles, are becoming significant engines for foreign trade growth in China [1] - The Qianjiang Customs has tailored support measures to meet the needs of enterprises in the "new three items" industry, helping to expand their foreign trade networks [1] Group 2: Company Operations - The company, specializing in the production and sales of energy storage lithium batteries, has been actively expanding its international market presence, achieving good sales results in countries like South Africa and Nigeria [1] - The company has benefited from the digitalization efforts of Qianjiang Customs, which have improved the efficiency of obtaining the "dangerous goods transport packaging use certification" [2] - The online application process allows the company to track progress in real-time and download electronic certificates without submitting paper materials, leading to a more efficient customs clearance process [2]

Group 1: Core Perspectives - The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) aims to deepen regional development strategies and enhance economic cooperation among member states to contribute to global peace and prosperity [1][2] - The forum emphasizes the importance of regional and cross-regional cooperation in the context of global economic instability and rising protectionism [2][3] Group 2: Economic Cooperation and Development - The SCO is recognized as the largest regional international organization in terms of area and population, promoting an open, pragmatic, and mutually beneficial economic cooperation model [2] - Belarus has officially joined the SCO, expanding the scope of cooperation within the SCO Business Council [2][3] Group 3: Green Development Initiatives - Green energy transition is a key focus, with China playing a crucial role in projects like the world's largest single photovoltaic power station in the UAE [4] - Uzbekistan is actively pursuing energy cooperation with other SCO members, including solar and green hydrogen projects, and seeks to establish a green energy development roadmap [4][5] Group 4: Supply Chain and Connectivity - The forum discusses the restructuring of global supply chains and the role of digital technology in enhancing connectivity and simplifying logistics [6][7] - The report highlights significant achievements in supply chain cooperation among SCO member states, including the continuous growth of the China-Europe Railway Express [7]

Core Viewpoint - Silver prices have surged to a new high of $39.13 per ounce, the highest since 2012, driven by strong industrial demand and safe-haven buying amid economic uncertainties [1][2]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - The recent price surge in silver is attributed to a combination of robust industrial demand, particularly from the solar energy sector, and increased safe-haven demand due to economic uncertainties [2][6]. - The global photovoltaic installation is expected to exceed 600 GW in 2024, leading to a steady increase in silver demand for photovoltaic silver paste [2][6]. - The silver-to-gold ratio remains significantly high, attracting institutional funds to shift from gold to silver, with the current ratio between 85-90 compared to the historical average of 60-80 [3][6]. Group 2: Investment Trends - The Silver Institute reported that as of June 30, 2023, global silver exchange-traded products (ETPs) held 1.13 billion ounces, with a net inflow of 9.5 million ounces in the first half of 2023, surpassing the total net inflow for the previous year [3]. - Analysts suggest that silver has outperformed gold this year, with silver's industrial properties becoming more favorable in a recovering economic environment [4][6]. - The overall supply-demand dynamics indicate a projected supply gap of approximately 11.76 million ounces by 2025, further supporting silver prices [6]. Group 3: Future Outlook - Analysts generally believe that silver still has room for price increases in the medium to long term, despite recent price highs [6]. - The current high silver-to-gold ratio suggests that silver remains undervalued relative to gold, indicating potential for further price appreciation [6]. - The ongoing trends in the global economy, including potential shifts in U.S. monetary policy and the demand for silver in renewable energy applications, are expected to influence silver prices positively [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implications of the proposed 50% tariff on copper and related products by the Trump administration, highlighting the potential impact on the U.S. copper market and global supply dynamics [1][5][9]. Group 1: Tariff Announcement and Market Reaction - On July 8, President Trump announced a 50% tariff on imported copper and related products, which is expected to include copper wire, scrap copper, and copper-containing products, but exclude copper concentrate and end products like appliances and electronics [1][5]. - Following the announcement, COMEX copper futures experienced a three-day rally, reaching a historical high of $5.89 per pound, while LME copper prices fluctuated, dropping to $9,553 per ton before rebounding [3]. Group 2: U.S. Copper Production and Consumption - The U.S. produces approximately 800,000 to 850,000 tons of refined copper annually but consumes around 1.6 million tons, leading to a significant import dependency [5][6]. - The White House aims to increase domestic copper production by 70% by 2035 and reduce import reliance from 45% to 30% [9]. Group 3: Industry Impact and Alternatives - Various industries are affected by the tariff, with the textile industry having 17% of its exports to the U.S., while the consumer electronics sector faces a 27.5% exposure [11]. - The article suggests that while tariffs may incentivize domestic production, the high costs and long timelines associated with mining new copper sources pose significant challenges [12][14]. Group 4: Global Copper Supply Dynamics - The article notes that the U.S. copper mining sector is facing increasing operational costs and legal challenges, making it difficult to ramp up production quickly [12][14]. - China has become the largest copper refining nation, with production expected to reach 12 million tons by 2024, and it controls nearly half of the global copper refining capacity [29][31]. Group 5: Price Dynamics and Market Expectations - The article indicates that copper prices are expected to stabilize around $12,000 to $13,000 per ton, which is necessary for mining operations to be economically viable [13][37]. - The tariff is seen as a variable that may influence short-term pricing but is unlikely to change the fundamental pricing logic based on global supply and demand dynamics [37]. Group 6: Geopolitical Considerations - The article highlights that geopolitical tensions are driving China to increase its overseas mining acquisitions, reflecting a strategic move to secure essential raw materials amid rising global competition [33][35]. - The U.S. tariffs are viewed as a tool to address supply imbalances, but the effectiveness of such measures remains uncertain given the complexities of the mining and refining industries [39].

Group 1 - Global copper mine production is expected to grow at an annual rate of 2.9% over the next decade, increasing from 23.8 million tons in 2025 to 30.9 million tons by 2034, driven by new projects and expansions due to high copper prices and positive demand outlook [1] - In 2023, global copper mine production is projected to increase by 2.5%, supported by recovery in Chilean output and increased production from Mongolia's Oyu Tolgoi mine, with Peru, Russia, and Zambia also contributing significantly [1] - Global copper production increased by 2% year-on-year during the first four months of this year, attributed to output increases from Peru's Las Bambas, Quellaveco, and Toromocho mines, as well as the Kamoa-Kakula mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo [1] Group 2 - The production growth forecast for 2025 has been revised downwards due to a decrease in production guidance from Kamoa-Kakula, which has been affected by seismic activity, although many companies, including Codelco, remain optimistic about the outlook [2] - Chile is expected to maintain its dominance in the copper supply chain, with production projected to grow by 3% to 5.7 million tons in 2025, accounting for a quarter of global mine production [2] - The increase in Chilean production is largely driven by the ongoing ramp-up at Teck's Quebrada Blanca mine, which is expected to offset challenges faced by state-owned Codelco [3] Group 3 - The Democratic Republic of Congo's production is also expected to grow by 3%, but there are downside risks due to the downward revision of Kamoa-Kakula's production guidance [4] - Peru's production is projected to increase by 3.2%, rebounding after a 1% decline in 2024 [4]

Core Viewpoint - Hong Kong and China Gas Company (the Company) has signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with Royal Vopak Group (Vopak) to collaborate on green methanol production, storage, and trading, focusing on the Greater Bay Area, East China, South China, and the Asia-Pacific market to support the shipping industry's green transition [1][2]. Group 1: Strategic Collaboration - The collaboration aims to leverage the strengths of both companies to expand the supply chain of green methanol, with the Company utilizing its technology to produce green methanol from waste tires and agricultural waste, achieving multiple international certifications [1][5]. - Vopak will provide storage and transportation services through its extensive infrastructure and coastal port network, facilitating efficient resource allocation and distribution of green methanol to key markets [1][2]. Group 2: Regional Focus - The partnership will focus on several regions, including the Greater Bay Area, where they will build a collaborative logistics and storage network centered around the ports of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou [2]. - In East China, the collaboration will enhance logistics and storage facilities at the international ports of Shanghai and Ningbo to meet the growing demand for green fuels [2]. - In the Bohai Bay area, the Company plans to transport green methanol from its northern production base to Vopak's storage facilities in Tianjin, facilitating distribution across the country and the Asia-Pacific region [2]. Group 3: Future Capacity and Production Plans - The Company’s green methanol production facility in Inner Mongolia is expected to increase its annual capacity from 100,000 tons to 150,000 tons by the end of the year, with plans to reach 300,000 tons by 2028 [3]. - The Company aims to establish multiple green methanol production plants in mainland China, targeting an annual production capacity of 1 million tons to prepare for large-scale applications of green methanol [3].