Group 1 - The core feature of the 2025 fiscal policy is the significant "front-loading" of fiscal debt financing and expenditure structure, which has stabilized economic performance in the first half of the year [1][2][4] - From January to April 2025, the broad fiscal expenditure growth rate reached 7.2%, with a spending progress of 28.4%, exceeding the five-year average of 28.2%, indicating strong fiscal support for the economy [2][8] - The growth in broad fiscal expenditure is primarily supported by the rapid issuance of government debt, particularly treasury bonds, with net financing of 4.8 trillion yuan from January to April, an increase of 3.6 trillion yuan year-on-year [3][21] Group 2 - The fiscal policy for 2025 is more proactive, with a planned net financing scale of 13.86 trillion yuan for government debt, of which 6.3 trillion yuan has been financed by the end of May, leaving 7.5 trillion yuan to be issued [4][32] - The issuance of treasury bonds has accelerated, with 42.7% of the budget target achieved by May 24, 2025, significantly higher than the average of 16.9% from 2020 to 2024 [3][21] - The government is expected to maintain high levels of net financing through the third quarter, with projections of 2.3 trillion yuan in the second quarter and 3.8 trillion yuan in the third quarter [4][35] Group 3 - The government may introduce incremental policies to smooth fiscal expenditure and ensure the achievement of annual economic goals, especially given uncertainties in economic recovery in the second half of the year [5][37] - Policy tools such as budgetary and non-budgetary measures will be utilized to stabilize economic fluctuations, with a focus on service consumption, fertility policies, and infrastructure investment as key areas for fiscal support [6][50] - The government aims to enhance consumer spending by reducing burdens and increasing income, with significant potential for recovery in service consumption, which currently stands at only 87.7% of historical trends [50][51]

2025.05. 30 本文字数：2119，阅读时长大约4分钟 导读 ：基建投资不仅是当期固投的重要实现途径，也为未来经济增长打下基础。 作者 | 第一财经 何涛 本周二（5月27日），备受深圳人期待的春风隧道主线正式通车。深圳市市长覃伟中专程前去调研， 并强调要积极扩大有效投资，大力推进"两重"建设，助力经济高质量发展。 投资、消费、出口是拉动经济增长的"三驾马车"。今年以来，在外贸挑战陡然增大的情况下，多个省 市通过加大投资力度，有效对冲经济下行的压力。其中，基础设施建设成为各地投资的重点。 第一财经记者注意到，截至5月30日，全国31个省份(不含港澳台)均已公布今年前4个月固定资产投资 情况，其中28个省份取得同比正增长，7个省份的增速达双位数。内蒙古、新疆、西藏、宁夏、吉 林、黑龙江等西部和东北部省份表现尤其亮眼，北京则以21.2%的同比增速拔得头筹。 有21个省份公布了基础设施投资情况，其中16个省份的同比增速达双位数，占到已公布省份的七成 以上。基建投资高速增长的省份分布较为均匀，东、中、西部和东北地区都有。增速排名靠前的青 海、河北、内蒙古、海南、福建、北京、天津，同比增速分别达43.8%、37 ...

Group 1 - The core feature of the 2025 fiscal policy is the significant front-loading of fiscal debt financing, which has positively impacted expenditure performance. From January to April, the broad fiscal expenditure growth rate reached 7.2%, with a spending progress of 28.4%, exceeding the five-year average of 28.2% [2][8][72] - The broad fiscal expenditure growth is primarily supported by the rapid issuance of government debt, particularly treasury bonds. From January to April, the net financing of government debt was 4.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.6 trillion yuan year-on-year, becoming the core support for broad fiscal expenditure [3][21][73] - The fiscal policy for 2025 is more proactive, with a planned net financing scale of 13.86 trillion yuan for government debt. As of the end of May, 6.3 trillion yuan has been net financed, leaving 7.5 trillion yuan to be issued [4][32][74] Group 2 - The growth in broad fiscal expenditure is not due to improved revenue, as the cumulative fiscal revenue from January to April showed a year-on-year decline of 1.3%, falling short of the budget target by 1.5 percentage points, mainly due to declines in tax and land transfer revenues [2][14][72] - The government is expected to maintain a high level of net financing for government debt until the end of September, with the second quarter's net financing expected to increase by 2.3 trillion yuan year-on-year, and the third quarter maintaining a historically high level of 3.8 trillion yuan [4][35][74] - To smooth out economic fluctuations in the second half of the year, the government may introduce incremental policies to stabilize broad fiscal expenditure growth, especially given the uncertainties in economic recovery [5][37][74] Group 3 - Various policies are available to mitigate fluctuations in the second half of the year, including flexible budgetary tools and policy financial instruments that can be deployed quickly. The effectiveness of these tools has been validated in practice since 2022 [6][39][74] - The focus of incremental funding will be on service consumption, fertility policies, and infrastructure investment, with an emphasis on reducing burdens and increasing income for residents to stimulate consumption [7][50][74] - The government is likely to consider additional funding if fiscal revenue falls short of budget targets, which could impact the support of fiscal expenditure for nominal GDP [7][44][74]

Summary of Sichuan Road and Bridge Group Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Sichuan Road and Bridge Group - **Industry**: Infrastructure and Construction Key Points Financial Performance - In Q1 2025, the company reported revenue of 23 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4%, and a net profit of 1.774 billion yuan, up 1% year-on-year, marking four consecutive quarters of growth [2][3] - For the full year 2024, the company achieved revenue of 107.2 billion yuan and a net profit of 7.2 billion yuan, with total assets of 239.7 billion yuan and earnings per share of 0.83 yuan [3] New Contracts and Orders - The company secured 77 new projects in Q1 2025, totaling 34.7 billion yuan, a nearly 20% increase year-on-year [2] - The total backlog of orders exceeded 290 billion yuan by the end of 2024, with expectations to surpass new highs in 2025 [2][3] Infrastructure Investment in Sichuan - Sichuan's infrastructure investment is projected to reach 268 billion yuan in 2025, with a goal of 280 billion yuan [2][5] - The focus on highway construction is emphasized to offset slowdowns in rail and water transport investments, providing business support for Sichuan Road and Bridge [2][5] Strategic Business Adjustments - The company divested its mining, new materials, and clean energy businesses, completing the transaction on February 26, 2025, which is expected to enhance financial performance [2][7] - The company retains a 40% stake in these divested businesses, which could provide future earnings support if they become profitable [7] Collaboration with Shudao Group - Shudao Group plays a dominant role in highway construction in Sichuan, with over 80% of its projects pending, and plans to invest over 192 billion yuan in 2025 [2][8] - This partnership is expected to enhance the company's market competitiveness and provide high-quality project opportunities [8] Cash Flow Management - The company improved cash flow management, reducing accounts receivable from over 27 billion yuan at the end of 2024 to around 20 billion yuan in Q1 2025 [4][13] - The impact of Sichuan's debt resolution on the company is minimal, as project funding primarily relies on major shareholder investments [14][15] Future Outlook - The company commits to a dividend payout ratio of no less than 60% over the next three years, supported by the synergistic effects of its collaboration with Shudao Group [4][20] - The company anticipates stable growth in the next 3 to 5 years, with expected project totals exceeding 500 billion yuan [21][22] Challenges and Responses - The company faces challenges in project quality and timely execution but has received supportive policies from various government departments to facilitate development [23] - Sichuan Road and Bridge aims to optimize internal assets and focus on its core business to enhance financial performance [23] Market Position - Sichuan Road and Bridge is a leading player in the western infrastructure sector, with a strong focus on investor returns and a high dividend rate compared to peers [24][26] - The company is optimistic about future growth, bolstered by policy support and a focus on core operations [26] Geographic Focus - The company primarily operates in the Sichuan-Chongqing region, with about 86% of its business concentrated locally, while also expanding into other provinces and overseas markets [18] International Projects - The company has engaged in international projects, including a recent contract for a bridge in Tunisia worth 1.4 billion yuan and ongoing projects in the UAE and Bangladesh [19] This summary encapsulates the key insights from the conference call, highlighting the company's financial performance, strategic initiatives, market position, and future outlook.

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the construction and engineering industry [11]. Core Insights - The report highlights fluctuations in infrastructure investment growth and emphasizes the importance of subsequent funding implementation [2]. - Fixed investment growth is declining, with a drop in the PMI for both manufacturing and construction sectors [6][19]. - The construction sector is experiencing pressure on orders, with a notable decline in new orders and employment indices [6][39]. Summary by Sections Investment & Orders - In April, the manufacturing PMI fell below 50, and the construction PMI also decreased, with new orders and employment indices at 39.6% and 37.8% respectively. The construction PMI was 51.9%, down 4.4 percentage points year-on-year and 1.5 percentage points month-on-month [6][19]. - Fixed asset investment from January to April reached CNY 14.7 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 4.0%, with narrow infrastructure investment at CNY 4.9 trillion, up 5.8% year-on-year [22][23]. Physical Workload - Cement output has shown a year-on-year decline, while demand for cement in infrastructure remains relatively stable. From January to April, cement production decreased by 2.8% year-on-year [8][30]. Project Funding - The funding availability rate for construction projects is stable, with a slight improvement in housing construction. As of May 13, the funding availability rate was 59.1%, with non-housing projects at 60.65% and housing projects at 51.33% [9][30]. - The issuance of special bonds has accelerated, with a total of CNY 13.68 trillion issued year-to-date, which is CNY 5.12 trillion more than the previous year [9][30].

国家统计局最新数据显示，今年前4个月，基础设施投资（不含电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业）同比增长5.8%。 国家统计局投资司首席统计师罗毅飞称，这一增速比全部投资高1.8个百分点；对全部投资增长的贡献率为32.6%，比一季度提 高2.3个百分点。其中，水利管理业投资增长30.7%，水上运输业投资增长26.9%，航空运输业投资增长13.9%。 根据粤开证券首席经济学家罗志恒测算，如果包含电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业，今年前4个月广义基础设施投资同比增 长10.9%，明显高于同期固定资产投资增速（4%）。 多位接受第一财经采访的专家认为，今年以来基建投资保持较快增长，得益于地方政府专项债券等资金到位较快，地方加大力 度推动重大项目落地。基建投资较快增长对冲了房地产投资下滑影响，有利于稳投资稳经济。 如果包含电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业，今年前4个月广义基础设施投资同比增长10.9%，明显高于同期固定资产投资增 速（4%）。 复杂外部形势下，中国经济顶住压力稳定增长，基础设施投资稳定增长显然是一个重要因素。 光大证券首席宏观经济学家高瑞东认为，今年以来财政积极发力，前4个月地方新增专项债发行规模完成全年4 ...

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the fiscal situation in China for April 2025, focusing on government spending, revenue, and infrastructure investment trends. Core Insights and Arguments - **Fiscal Spending Growth**: In April 2025, fiscal spending growth accelerated, primarily due to government debt financing support. The issuance of central ordinary and special government bonds has increased, with local governments shifting focus towards project investments, especially in infrastructure [3][5][8]. - **Local Government Investment**: Local governments have actively engaged in infrastructure investments through special bonds, with significant increases in government fund budget expenditures corresponding to local infrastructure investments. Social welfare-related expenditures have also risen, indicating increased pressure to maintain employment [5][6]. - **Revenue Improvement**: There was a marginal improvement in fiscal revenue in April 2025, although it remained in negative growth territory overall. Corporate income tax and export-related taxes provided some support, with corporate income tax improvements likely linked to corporate profit growth [6][9]. - **Structural Changes in Public Finance**: Public finance expenditures have shown structural changes, with a slight recovery in transportation spending and a decline in agricultural and forestry-related expenditures. This indicates a more proactive approach by local governments towards infrastructure investments [7][8]. - **Land Sale Revenue**: Land sale revenue growth remained negative in the first quarter of 2025, but micro-level data showed a recovery in land transaction prices across 330 cities. Fiscal confirmation of revenue lagged behind, only showing improvement in April [10]. - **Future Policy Outlook**: The future policy outlook suggests a preference for utilizing existing policies before considering any new measures. The second quarter will see continued acceleration in the implementation of existing policies, with potential new policies dependent on external pressures and upcoming political meetings [4][11][12]. Other Important but Potentially Overlooked Content - **Export Tax Revenue**: The first quarter of 2025 saw historically low export-related tax revenues, primarily due to high export tax rebates. This situation is linked to the "rush to export" phenomenon [9]. - **Monitoring Future Developments**: The upcoming political meetings in July and August will be critical in determining whether additional fiscal measures will be introduced, especially if export growth approaches zero [13].

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Outperform the Market" (maintained rating) [5] Core Viewpoints - Infrastructure investment continues to show high growth, with significant increases in water, electricity, fuel, and thermal investments, as well as water conservancy investments, which have seen year-on-year growth rates of +25.5% and +30.7% respectively in the first four months of 2025 [1][2] - The issuance of special bonds has accelerated, with a cumulative increase of 1,190.4 billion yuan in special bonds in the first four months of 2025, an increase of 467.9 billion yuan year-on-year, leading to optimism about the conversion of physical workload in infrastructure [1] - The report emphasizes the cyclical investment opportunities in coal chemical industries and suggests paying attention to the transformation opportunities of certain small and medium-sized construction companies [1] Summary by Sections Real Estate and Construction Data - From January to April 2025, real estate sales area decreased by 2.8% year-on-year, with new construction area down by 23.8% and construction area down by 9.7% [2] - In the same period, the completion area saw a year-on-year decline of 16.9% [2] Cement Industry - Cement production in the first four months of 2025 was 495 million tons, a decrease of 2.8% year-on-year, with April's production down by 5.3% [3] - The average cement shipment rate was 36%, remaining stable year-on-year, but the price pressure continues due to weak market demand [3] Glass Industry - Flat glass production from January to April 2025 was 31.86 million weight boxes, down 4.8% year-on-year, with April's production also declining [4] - The market demand for float glass was weak, leading to increased inventory levels among producers [4]

Infrastructure Investment - China's infrastructure development shows significant regional and structural differences, with the central and western regions needing to address gaps in transportation, energy, and new infrastructure like 5G and data centers, while eastern developed areas focus on upgrading traditional infrastructure [2] - The central government emphasizes "precise and effective investment" to avoid blind expansion, prioritizing major projects and new urbanization in the "14th Five-Year Plan" [2] Consumer Coupons - Consumer coupons have provided immediate boosts to specific sectors such as dining, retail, and tourism, alleviating pressure on small and medium enterprises, with notable sales recovery following their distribution in 2022 [4] - However, reliance on consumer coupons alone cannot address the fundamental issue of consumption decline, which is primarily driven by unstable income expectations [4] Industrial Innovation - Industrial innovation is crucial for China's economic transformation, particularly with the rise of the digital economy and emerging industries like AI, new energy, and biomedicine, which are key drivers of sustained economic growth [5] - The government is accelerating technological innovation through initiatives like "ranking and hanging banners," technology special funds, and industry-academia-research cooperation [6] Urbanization - As of 2023, China's urbanization rate is approximately 66.16%, transitioning from a "high-speed" to a "high-quality" development phase, focusing on coordinated development of urban clusters [8] - Despite claims of many cities becoming towns, data shows over 100 cities still possess strong development potential [8] Real Estate Market - The real estate market exhibits clear differentiation, with some third and fourth-tier cities experiencing price adjustments due to population outflow and inventory buildup, while first-tier and core second-tier cities maintain stable prices [11] - The central government adheres to the "housing is for living, not speculation" policy, promoting measures to support rigid and improved housing demand [11] Stock Market and Economy - The stock market reflects economic conditions, with long-term performance driven by economic fundamentals and corporate earnings, necessitating reforms to enhance market efficiency and direct funds towards innovation and green economy sectors [12] - To achieve sustainable growth similar to the US stock market, China must cultivate globally competitive enterprises, particularly in new energy and high-end manufacturing [12] Industry Upgrading - The growth of enterprises is a natural result of market competition rather than direct government intervention, which should focus on creating a fair competitive environment and supporting innovation [14] - Upgrading the manufacturing sector is essential, requiring technological innovation and digital transformation to increase added value, rather than over-reliance on short-term gains from real estate or financial markets [14]

Investment Rating - Industry Rating: Outperform the market (maintained rating) [6] Core Viewpoints - The construction sector has outperformed the market recently, with a 2.23% increase compared to the 2.09% rise in the CSI 300 index, indicating a positive trend in the industry [1] - Significant price increases in cellulose-related products have been observed, highlighting the potential for domestic substitution to drive performance and valuation catalysts, with a strong recommendation for Sanwei Chemical [1][24] - The issuance of special bonds remains high, suggesting a focus on the conversion rhythm of physical construction work in the future [4] Summary by Sections 1. Progress of Domestic Substitution for Cellulose Products - Acetic cellulose (CA) is primarily used in tobacco filters, with China consuming approximately 300,000 tons annually, and Sichuan Pushi, holding a 67% stake by Yibin Paper, has a leading position in the production of diacetate and triacetate [2] - The prices of CAB (cellulose acetate butyrate) and CAP (cellulose acetate propionate) have significantly increased, with imported CAB prices ranging from 188,000 to 200,000 yuan/ton, while domestic prices are between 90,000 and 115,000 yuan/ton, a notable rise from 58,000 yuan/ton in March 2025 [2][24] - Domestic production capabilities for CAB and CAP have been historically monopolized by foreign companies, but local firms like Wuxi Chemical Research Institute and Fujian Hongyan Chemical are developing their production capabilities [3] 2. High-Level Special Bond Issuance and Focus on Infrastructure Work - In April 2025, new local special bonds totaled 230.144 billion yuan, with a cumulative issuance of 1.1904 trillion yuan from January to April, marking a year-on-year increase of 467.9 billion yuan [4][29] - The cement shipment rate was reported at 48.07%, with a slight decrease, while the asphalt plant operating rate was 28.8%, indicating a gradual recovery in construction activity [4][29] 3. Market Review - The construction index rose by 2.23% during the week of May 5-9, outperforming the CSI 300 index, with notable gains in construction decoration and design sectors [5][36] - Key stocks that performed well included Shanshui Bide (+28.1%), ST Saiwei (+21.7%), and ST Chuangxing (+21.5%) [5][36] 4. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on traditional construction blue-chip stocks, particularly in infrastructure sectors like water conservancy, railways, and aviation, with a recommendation for companies like Sichuan Road and Bridge, Zhejiang Jiaoke, and Anhui Construction [41] - It also highlights opportunities in cyclical engineering stocks, particularly in coal chemical projects, recommending companies like Sanwei Chemical and China Chemical for their strong technical capabilities [42]