▲2025年4月1日，在德国汉诺威工业博览会上，人们在宇树科技展区观看机器狗演示。图/新华社 但与此同时必须看到，随着全球经济格局深刻调整，民营企业面临着需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三 重压力，一些深层次问题逐渐显现：产权保护不到位、市场准入尚有隐性壁垒、融资难融资贵等顽疾， 如同无形的枷锁制约着创新活力。"玻璃门""弹簧门""旋转门"等问题时有发生，部分民营企业家也因此 对未来发展信心不足、观望情绪浓厚。 面对这些深层次矛盾，单纯地依靠临时性扶持政策和行政手段已难以根本解决，必须依靠法治手段建立 长效机制，为民营经济提供稳定、透明、可预期的发展环境。 法治化的制度保障是破除发展梗阻的关键钥匙。民营经济促进法正是在这种背景下应运而生。从此前的 草案修订到本次表决通过，每一次的更新进展都广受民营企业家关注。而随着法律的出台，也意味着首 次在国家法律层面明确了民营经济的平等地位和发展权利，规定各类所有制主体依法享有平等使用生产 要素、公开公平公正参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护的权利。 更重要的是，通过法律形式确立民营经济平等市场主体地位，不仅有助于消除社会偏见，也为营商环境 优化打下了坚实的法治基石。 当然，法律 ...

Group 1 - The National People's Congress passed the Private Economy Promotion Law, effective from May 20, 2025 [1] - In April, China's manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) was at 49%, a decrease of 1.5 percentage points from the previous month [2] - The Caixin China Manufacturing PMI dropped to 50.4 in April, down 0.8 percentage points from March, marking the lowest level in three months [2] Group 2 - The Ministry of Transport estimates that approximately 1.42 billion people will travel across regions during the "May Day" holiday, a year-on-year increase of about 4.5% [3] - The market showed mixed performance in early trading, with the Shanghai Composite Index down 0.08%, while the Shenzhen Component Index rose by 0.73% and the ChiNext Index increased by 1.01% [5] - The Hong Kong stock market saw the Hang Seng Index rise by 0.22% and the Hang Seng Tech Index increase by 1.06% at midday [6]

Core Points - The "Private Economy Promotion Law" is the first foundational law specifically aimed at the development of the private economy in China, set to take effect on May 20, 2025, and includes multiple chapters on fair competition, investment financing promotion, service guarantees, and rights protection [2][3] - The law reflects the government's commitment to fostering a favorable environment for the private economy and is a legal embodiment of various reforms and policies aimed at enhancing the private sector's role in the economy [2][3] - The law emphasizes the principle of equal treatment in the market economy, ensuring that private economic organizations have equal legal status, market opportunities, and development rights compared to other economic entities [3][4] Fair Competition and Investment Promotion - The law includes specific provisions for fair competition and investment financing, aiming to address issues such as market entry barriers and the exclusion of private economic organizations [3][4] - It establishes a framework for regular reviews of market access barriers and prohibits practices that restrict or exclude private enterprises [3] Rights Protection - The law outlines clear regulations regarding the protection of rights, including the lawful execution of measures that restrict personal freedom and the prohibition of illegal interventions in economic disputes [4][5] - Recent procedural refinements by various legal departments, including the Supreme Court and the Ministry of Public Security, are expected to facilitate the implementation of the law [5] Legal Framework and Implementation - The law serves as a reminder of the importance of legal frameworks in regulating public power and ensuring equal treatment for private enterprises within the legal order [4][5] - Effective implementation of the law requires systemic support and the establishment of clear responsibilities and constraints on enforcement powers [5]

4月30日，十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议表决通过民营经济促进法，自2025年5月20日起施行。民 营经济促进法共9章78条，包括总则、公平竞争、投资融资促进、科技创新、规范经营、服务保障、权 益保护、法律责任和附则。 ...

加强对民营企业和企业家各项权益的保护充分鼓励其信心和挖掘发展潜力。 随着民营经济促进法（草案）（下称"草案"）提交全国人大常委会三审，这部法律草案已经进入最后审 议阶段。党和国家及社会各界都对我国首部促进民营经济发展的基础性法律寄予厚望。 根据国家发改委党组4月25日在人民日报上发表的文章，2024年我国登记注册的民营企业数量达到 5650.4万户，占企业总量的92.3%，对进出口和税收的贡献达到五成以上，对城镇就业的贡献达到八成 以上。同时，我国拥有一大批坚韧不拔、勤奋工作、富有创造力的企业家和产业工人，是促进民营经济 高质量发展的坚实力量。 4月27日召开的十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议第一次全体会议，听取了全国人大宪法和法律委员 会主任委员信春鹰作的关于草案审议结果的报告。草案三审稿进一步充实支持民营经济发展相关举措， 进一步规范执法行为，加强劳动者合法权益保护，优化民营经济健康发展、高质量发展的法治环境。 此前提交全国人大常委会审议的草案二审稿中，根据反馈的多方意见，增加了不得实施没有法律、法规 依据的罚款，不得向民营经济组织摊派财物等内容。同时，草案二审稿还增加规定，国务院和县级以上 地方人民政府 ...

（文章来源：新华社） 常委会组成人员表示，草案经过两次审议修改，充分吸收各方面意见建议，进一步充实服务、保障民营 经济发展相关举措，进一步规范执法行为，深入推进严格规范公正文明执法，结构合理、内容全面，已 经比较成熟，建议本次常委会会议表决通过。同时，建议各有关方面在法律通过后积极做好宣传阐释， 充分凝聚社会共识，进一步统一思想和行动，统筹推进配套法规制度制定，协调推动各项支持保障举措 落实落细，保证法律出台实施的政治效果、法律效果、社会效果。 同时，常委会组成人员还对草案三次审议稿提出了一些完善性意见建议。 十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议4月27日下午对民营经济促进法草案三次审议稿进行了分组审议。 2024年12月、2025年2月，民营经济促进法草案已经十四届全国人大常委会第十三次会议、第十四次会 议两次审议。 常委会组成人员普遍认为，制定民营经济促进法，将党中央关于促进民营经济发展的重大方针政策和重 要举措上升为法律规范，巩固改革开放四十多年来民营经济发展成果，第一次将"毫不动摇巩固和发展 公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展"、"促进民营经济健康发展和民营经济人士 健康成长"写入法律， ...

Group 1 - The meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) focused on various legislative proposals, including the draft law on promoting the development of the private economy, which aims to enhance legal protections for labor rights and create a favorable legal environment for high-quality development of the private sector [2] - The revision of the Infectious Disease Prevention Law was discussed, emphasizing the responsibilities of health authorities and improving measures for epidemic control and medical institution capabilities [2] - The draft amendment to the Atomic Energy Law was presented, highlighting the importance of a rational and coordinated approach to nuclear safety and promoting the application of nuclear technology in various fields [2] - The revision of the Arbitration Law was also reviewed, which includes provisions for enhancing international cooperation in arbitration and improving the support system for arbitration by courts [2] Group 2 - The compilation of the Ecological Environment Code is a significant legal initiative aimed at integrating existing environmental laws and reflecting Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought [3] - The State Council proposed a draft law on national development planning to enhance macroeconomic governance and ensure the implementation of national development strategies [3] - A draft amendment to the Prison Law was introduced to improve prison safety and the quality of education and rehabilitation for inmates [3] - The State Council also presented a proposal for adjusting the Seed Law regulations in the Xinjiang Free Trade Zone [3] Group 3 - The meeting included discussions on international treaties, such as the agreement on the transfer of sentenced persons with Ethiopia and the judicial cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia [4] - The report on the 2024 environmental status indicated that all ecological quality improvement targets were met, with public satisfaction exceeding 90% for four consecutive years [4] - The report on state-owned asset management for 2023 highlighted the handling of audit findings and the implementation of corrective measures [4]

2025年重点立法工作计划敲定！ 4月25日，全国人大常委会法制工作委员会举行记者会，通报4月全国人大常委会会议拟审议的法律草 案，介绍《全国人大常委会2025年度立法工作计划》（下称"立法工作计划"）重点内容。 据全国人大常委会法制工作委员会发言人黄海华在记者会上介绍，4月27日至30日举行的十四届全国人 大常委会第十五次会议将审议民营经济促进法草案三次审议稿。从2025年度立法工作计划看，今年全国 人大常委会将制定民营经济促进法、金融法、金融稳定法；修改反不正当竞争法、企业破产法、中国人 民银行法、银行业监督管理法等。 民营经济促进法草案迎三审 按照立法法规定，列入常务委员会会议议程的法律案，一般应当经三次常务委员会会议审议后再交付表 决。黄海华指出，全国人大常委会组成人员和各方面普遍认为，制定民营经济促进法，充分发挥法治固 根本、稳预期、利长远的保障作用，十分必要、意义重大。草案经过反复修改后已经较为成熟，建议进 一步修改完善后及早审议出台。 今年将制定金融法、金融稳定法 据黄海华介绍，2025年度立法工作计划将于近日向社会公布，今年共安排继续审议的法律案14件、初次 审议的法律案23件，其中包括制定民 ...

加强涉企收费监管是降低企业经营成本、优化营商环境的重要举措。经国务院常务会议审议通过，3月28日，国务院办公厅印发《关于建立健全涉企收费长 效监管机制的指导意见》（国办函〔2025〕30号，以下简称《指导意见》）。 《指导意见》聚焦有关方面反映的突出问题，提出针对性举措。如针对涉企收费政策数量多且分散、服务内容不清晰、企业查询难、维权难等问题，提出建 立目录清单制度，做到"清单全覆盖"，明确收费项目对应的服务内容。 民营经济是我国经济的重要组成部分，近年来，一系列支持民营经济发展的政策密集出台。政策在实际落地过程中效果如何？民营企业又有着怎样切实的感 受与反馈？ 每经记者 石雨昕 周逸斐 每经编辑 陈旭 在党和国家陆续出台政策为民营企业发展"减负"的过程中，在越来越公开透明的政策环境和越来越自由便利的市场环境中，我们将持续发挥民营企业灵活的 体制机制优势，抓经营、抓管理，高效推动创新和人才机制建设，为国家经济实现高质量发展贡献力量。 围绕这一话题，《每日经济新闻》（以下简称NBD）记者对辽宁方大集团实业有限公司（以下简称"方大集团"）董事、副总裁徐志新进行了专访。 方大集团是一家以炭素、钢铁、医药、商业、航空 ...

Focus on Key Points - China plans to establish laws such as the Private Economy Promotion Law, National Development Planning Law, and Financial Law, which are significant for enhancing the legal framework of the socialist market economy and promoting high-quality economic development [3][4] - The Private Economy Promotion Law will clarify the important role of the private economy in the national economy and provide legal support for the healthy development of private enterprises [4] - The Financial Law aims to improve the financial legal system, filling existing gaps and providing foundational legal guarantees for the stable operation of financial markets [4] Major Meetings - The Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Ni Hong, emphasized the need to stabilize the real estate market and continue efforts to ensure housing delivery, including increasing loan support and promoting urban village renovations [6] Major Policies - The State Council issued guidelines on enhancing the "Five Major Financial Articles," focusing on technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance to accelerate the construction of a strong financial nation [7] Major Events - The People's Bank of China has increased its gold reserves for the fourth consecutive month, reaching 7,361 million ounces (approximately 2,289.53 tons), which is a strategic move to mitigate asset depreciation risks due to the weakening dollar [8] Important Data - In February 2025, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) decreased by 0.7% year-on-year, influenced by factors such as the timing of the Spring Festival and favorable weather conditions for fresh vegetable supply [9][10]