中国发展改革报社评论员 | 田新元 国务院办公厅日前印发《关于进一步促进民间投资发展的若干措施》，提出13项针对性政策举措。其 中，在扩大准入方面，对需报国家审批（核准）的具有一定收益的铁路、核电等领域项目，鼓励支持民 间资本参与并明确持股比例等要求；引导民间资本有序参与低空经济、商业航天等领域建设，积极支持 有能力的民营企业牵头承担国家重大技术攻关任务；清理不合理的服务业经营主体准入限制，等等。这 些新举措，将大大拓宽民间资本施展才华的舞台。 民营经济是我国社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分，民间投资是推动经济增长、促进充分就业、激发市 场活力的重要力量。近年来，从中央到地方持续释放"两个毫不动摇"的明确信号，而扩大市场准入、破 除体制机制障碍，正是让民间资本敢投、愿投、能投的核心举措。 民间资本的活力，源于其贴近市场、反应灵活的独特优势。从街边小店到行业龙头，从互联网创新到制 造业升级，民间资本的投入精准对接着市场需求，每一次突破都推动着产业迭代升级。然而，在部分投 资领域仍存在准入门槛模糊、审批流程繁琐、公平待遇不足等问题，既限制了民间资本的发展空间，也 造成了市场资源配置的低效。此次提出的清理不合理的服务 ...

Core Viewpoint - Zhejiang province aims to enhance its market environment by promoting private sector investment and innovation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the importance of the private economy as a key driver of growth [1][3]. Group 1: Private Economy and Investment - The private economy is highlighted as Zhejiang's "golden business card," contributing significantly to the province's strength and achieving a "grand slam" in the "China's Top 500 Private Enterprises" list for two consecutive years [1]. - Zhejiang will focus on stimulating private investment by lowering barriers in sectors such as renewable energy, artificial intelligence, and urban renewal, allowing private ownership stakes in key projects to exceed 10% [3]. Group 2: Innovation and Collaboration - The province plans to promote collaborative innovation across the industrial chain, encouraging cooperation between large, medium, and small enterprises to create a robust innovation ecosystem [3]. - Zhejiang will implement a negative list system for market access and deepen reforms for fair competition, aiming to enhance the province's attractiveness and competitiveness [3]. Group 3: Open Economy and Trade - The province is committed to high-level openness, aiming to create an optimal service environment with the lowest costs and highest efficiency during the "14th Five-Year Plan" [3]. - Zhejiang will optimize the flow of goods, capital, personnel, and data to facilitate trade and investment, positioning itself as a high-quality destination for foreign investment [4]. Group 4: Resource and Market Development - The province plans to establish a high-standard hub for bulk commodity resource allocation, enhancing its capabilities in storage, processing, and maritime services [5]. - Zhejiang will deepen reforms in international trade, particularly in Yiwu, to strengthen its position as a global center for digital trade [5].

Group 1: Market Environment Improvement - The establishment of a unified national market has led to clearer rules, more efficient circulation, fairer competition, and better resource allocation [1] - The "negative list" for market access has been reduced from 117 items in 2022 to 106 items, with national management measures decreasing from 486 to 469 [2] - The optimization of the business environment has been felt by enterprises, with significant improvements in operational efficiency reported by leading companies like Juhua Home [2][3] Group 2: Infrastructure and Logistics Enhancement - The construction of a comprehensive infrastructure network has been a focus during the "14th Five-Year Plan," resulting in the world's largest high-speed rail, highway, and postal networks [4] - Logistics costs are projected to decrease by over 400 billion yuan, with transportation costs alone reduced by approximately 280 billion yuan [4] - The opening of special trains has significantly shortened transportation times and reduced logistics costs, leading to a more than 30% increase in foreign trade orders for some companies [4] Group 3: Fair Competition and Regulatory Framework - The implementation of the "Fair Competition Review Regulations" aims to eliminate behaviors that hinder fair competition, with a comprehensive framework established for oversight [6] - Local governments, such as Zhejiang Province, have actively responded to these regulations, reviewing over 2,000 major policy measures to ensure fairness in competition [6][7] - The continuous improvement of regulatory enforcement is expected to further enhance the unified market, facilitating economic circulation and supporting high-quality development [7]

Core Points - The National Market Supervision Administration has approved a series of important national standards aimed at enhancing market circulation, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety production [1][2] - Experts believe that the release of these standards will play a significant role in accelerating the construction of a unified national market, supporting green and low-carbon initiatives, and ensuring the safety of people's production and living conditions [1][2] Market Circulation Standards - A total of 29 national standards related to e-commerce, product barcodes, and knowledge management have been published to maintain market order and promote product circulation and trade [2] - Nine logistics national standards have been introduced, focusing on logistics cost reduction and quality improvement, including standards for logistics pallets and cold chain logistics for aquatic products [2] - Three national standards concerning enterprise credit data and information collection have been established to enhance credit supervision effectiveness and support a unified credit regulatory framework [2] Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Standards - Five national standards have been released to promote energy conservation and carbon reduction, including those for formaldehyde energy consumption and solar water heater efficiency [2] - Thirteen national standards related to transportation safety and green development have been published, covering requirements for greenhouse gas management in vehicles and automatic identification systems for ships [2] - Five national standards have been introduced to advance the intelligent and green development of household appliances [2] Safety Production Standards - Four national standards have been established for safety production in the non-ferrous metal smelting industry, focusing on explosion prevention and safety design [3] - Nine updated national standards aim to enhance the performance and quality of fire safety products [3] - New rules for fire safety inspections in public gathering places have been published to prevent and reduce fire incidents, ensuring the safety of people's lives and property [3] Agricultural and Advanced Manufacturing Standards - The National Market Supervision Administration has also released standards related to agricultural production, high-end equipment, and advanced manufacturing [4] Regulatory Innovations and Market Efficiency - Starting from August 1, 2025, a formal delegation of operator concentration review will be implemented in five provinces, consolidating pilot results and ensuring stability in review processes [5] - Since the implementation of the new Anti-Monopoly Law in 2022, the administration has improved the operator concentration review system, enhancing market competition and stimulating the vitality of various enterprises [5][6] - A "1+3+7" smart regulatory system for operator concentration has been established, covering compliance risk mechanisms and full-chain business systems [6] Standardization and Market Integration - Over 30,000 national standards that were not previously adopted internationally have been made publicly available for download, supporting the construction of a unified national market [8] - The implementation of these standards has accelerated regional market integration, particularly in the Yangtze River Delta, enhancing logistics coordination and resource sharing [8] - Unified transaction standards in e-commerce have facilitated cross-regional business operations, improving consumer shopping experiences [9] Regulatory Framework Enhancements - Revisions to the standards for operator concentration applications have significantly reduced the need for small to medium-sized mergers to file applications, lowering transaction costs [9] - Ongoing efforts to refine regulatory guidelines and enhance transparency in review processes are being made to support the construction of a unified national market [9]

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme People's Court has issued guidelines to support the development of the private economy, proposing 25 specific measures to address issues such as high financing costs and illegal lending practices [1][4]. Group 1: Judicial Support for Private Economy - The guidelines emphasize the need to strictly implement a "non-prohibition, entry allowed" policy and establish a unified negative list for market access, ensuring fair competition and legal protection for various ownership economies [2]. - The guidelines aim to address the issue of overdue payments to private economic organizations, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), by enforcing payment regulations and enhancing mechanisms for preventing and clearing overdue payments [2]. Group 2: Regulation of Financial Practices - The guidelines call for the regulation of financial institutions' lending practices to lower overall financing costs, including the prohibition of illegal lending practices such as "high-interest loans" and "head-cutting fees" [4][5]. - The guidelines highlight the need for financial institutions to innovate financing supply mechanisms and improve credit allocation for private enterprises, particularly SMEs, to enhance service coverage and credit accessibility [6]. Group 3: Consumer Protection and Market Order - The guidelines stress the importance of legally adjudicating consumer disputes and promoting healthy development in the online and platform economy, while also protecting consumer rights and punishing fraudulent claims [3]. - The guidelines propose the establishment of a credit repair mechanism and a system for punishing dishonest behavior, distinguishing between "dishonesty" and "inability" to ensure fair treatment of businesses [6].

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme People's Court issued guidelines to support the healthy development of the private economy in China, addressing challenges faced by private enterprises and providing stronger legal protections [2][3]. Group 1: Legal Framework and Market Access - The guidelines emphasize the implementation of a "non-prohibition, non-entry" policy and a unified negative list for market access, particularly in sectors like construction, real estate, and natural monopolies [2]. - It highlights the need for fair adjudication in cases involving monopolistic disputes in the technology sector, distinguishing between normal exercise of intellectual property rights and anti-competitive behavior [2]. Group 2: Financial Support and Regulation - The guidelines aim to alleviate financing difficulties for private enterprises by regulating financial institutions' practices regarding loan conditions and illegal lending activities [3]. - It calls for strict penalties against illegal lending practices and encourages a more orderly private financing environment to help private enterprises overcome "difficult and expensive financing" issues [3]. Group 3: Internal Governance and Corruption - The guidelines propose measures to combat internal corruption within private enterprises and facilitate resolution of disputes among shareholders through legal means [3]. - It stresses the importance of holding controlling shareholders accountable for actions that may harm the enterprise, such as misappropriation of funds and improper guarantees [3]. Group 4: Labor Rights and Consumer Protection - The guidelines reinforce the protection of labor rights, stating that any agreement to not pay social insurance is invalid, thus supporting workers' claims for compensation [4]. - It introduces punitive compensation for food and drug violations and aims to regulate prepayment consumption disputes to protect consumer rights while promoting honest business practices [4]. Group 5: Enforcement and Credit System - The guidelines outline strict enforcement against online violence and defamation of private enterprises, emphasizing the protection of their reputation and legal rights [5]. - Recent data shows a significant decrease in the number of individuals listed as untrustworthy, indicating improvements in compliance and credit restoration efforts [5][6].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of optimizing the business environment in various regions of China, highlighting the significant achievements in legal and regulatory frameworks that support high-quality development [1][2][3]. Group 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework - Various regions, such as Gansu and Guizhou, have implemented new regulations to enhance the business environment, including the "Gansu Province Optimization of Business Environment Regulations" and the "Gansu Province Public Resource Trading Management Measures" [2]. - The introduction of laws like the "Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations on Optimizing the Business Environment" has effectively reduced burdens on businesses and created a more conducive environment for development [1][3]. Group 2: Fair Competition and Legal Protection - The use of information technology to curb excessive administrative inspections has significantly reduced the burden on enterprises, allowing them to compete under fair rules [3]. - Special actions taken by various regions have effectively protected the legal rights of enterprises, providing timely legal assistance against unlawful infringements, thereby enhancing their sense of security [3]. Group 3: Service Improvement and Administrative Efficiency - The shift from "management-oriented administration" to "service-oriented administration" is being promoted, with initiatives like the establishment of diversified mediation workstations for labor disputes to resolve issues efficiently [4]. - Efforts to enhance the transparency of enterprise credit information and the introduction of measures to reduce arbitrary enforcement are crucial for creating a fair market environment [4].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of promoting the sustainable, healthy, and high-quality development of the private economy as a major long-term policy of the state [1] - As of July 4, there are 11,842 projects being promoted to private capital with a total investment of 10.19 trillion yuan [1] - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has organized the introduction of over 3,200 new projects to private capital, involving a total investment exceeding 3 trillion yuan, focusing on key areas such as transportation, energy, and new infrastructure [3][4] Group 2 - The implementation of the "Private Economy Promotion Law" since May 20 aims to ensure fair competition and promote investment financing, allowing private economic organizations to participate equally in various sectors [3] - The number of items in the "Market Access Negative List (2025 Edition)" has been reduced from 117 to 106, further relaxing market access restrictions [4] - Local governments have recently published project lists for private capital, with Beijing releasing 119 key projects totaling approximately 124.4 billion yuan, and Henan Province announcing 75 major projects with a total investment of 33 billion yuan [5][6] Group 3 - The current wave of project promotion signals a deepening of market-oriented reforms and optimization of resource allocation, aiming to attract private enterprises to enhance project construction and operational efficiency [7] - The focus on attracting private capital is particularly significant in areas such as technological innovation and new infrastructure, where private investment is seen as a crucial driver for industrial upgrading and high-quality economic development [7]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the introduction of measures by Chongqing to integrate into the national unified market construction, focusing on breaking down market access barriers and establishing a transparent and orderly market access system [1] Group 2 - Chongqing is actively implementing a negative list system for market access, ensuring that no local or departmental lists are created outside the national unified list [4] - The city has initiated a campaign to clean up and rectify market access barriers, identifying and addressing 15 key violations, with 630 regulatory documents reviewed, 558 deemed compliant, and 43 revised or abolished [4] Group 3 - A comprehensive evaluation of market access efficiency is being conducted, with 20 indicators set to assess the implementation of the negative list system and improve access efficiency and government management capabilities [5] - Future actions include expediting the modification or abolition of non-compliant documents and enhancing the use of evaluation results to further optimize the market access environment [5]

Group 1 - The article discusses the implementation of the "Negative List for Market Access (2025 Edition)" in Tai'an, aiming to optimize the market access environment and stimulate market vitality through five major measures [1][2][3] - The first measure emphasizes the strict enforcement of the negative list, ensuring that prohibited access items are not entered by market entities, while allowing equal access to sectors not listed [1] - The second measure focuses on the cleanup of market access barriers, targeting local regulations and practices that violate market access requirements, with a complaint channel established for reporting such issues [2] Group 2 - The third measure aims to enhance the transparency and convenience of market access, with real-time online access to the negative list and improved integration of business registration with market access management [2][3] - The fourth measure stresses the importance of regulatory responsibility across all levels, ensuring compliance with laws and regulations related to market access, and addressing issues of regulatory gaps [3] - The fifth measure encourages the exploration of advanced practices and innovative reforms to create exemplary cases in market access management, aligning with national and provincial goals for new industries and business models [3]