（原标题：深夜！美联储降息大消息！特朗普：经济表现不错 价格下降） 美联储最青睐的通胀指标出炉。 美国8月个人消费支出增幅超预期，基本通胀压力保持稳定，彰显出美国消费的韧性。 从支出结构来看，8月的消费增长主要由商品消费驱动。数据显示，商品支出环比攀升0.7%，反映出消 费者在家具、服装和娱乐休闲用品等非必需品上的购买意愿依然强劲。 相比之下，服务支出的增长步伐则更为温和。有迹象表明，尽管关税可能推高了部分商品价格，但消费 者，尤其是高收入群体，仍在持续支出。 北京时间9月26日晚间，美国商务部经济分析局发布的报告显示，美联储最青睐的通胀指标—美国8月核 心PCE物价指数（剔除食品和能源）同比增长2.9%，环比增长0.2%，均符合预期。对此，美国总统特朗 普评论道："经济表现不错，价格下降。" 华尔街分析人士指出，美国8月核心PCE通胀基本维持稳定，这可能会让美联储保持既定的降息节奏。 据CME"美联储观察"，截至北京时间27日06:30，美联储10月维持利率不变的概率为10.2%，降息25个基 点的概率升至89.8%。 受此影响，美元指数短线跳水，日内一度跌至98.1338，跌近0.4%；COMEX黄金期货 ...

美国经济分析局（BEA）数据显示，8月PCE环比增长0.3%，较7月加快0.1个百分点；从同比来看，PCE 上涨2.7%，高于7月的2.6%。 当地时间周五，美国公布了8月个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数。作为美联储最关注的物价指标之一， 数据显示关税压力正在继续缓慢推高物价，不过消费者支出和个人收入月率稳健增长给经济提供了重要 动力。市场继续维持今年两次降息的定价，并将目光转向下周五的非农就业报告。 物价走高但压力可控 尽管目前尚未出现全面的通胀上升，但部分受关税影响的商品价格已大幅上涨。企业通过消化关税生效 前囤积的库存，避免了通胀失控。然而，不少经济学家认为这种情况不会无限期持续，预计企业终将在 某个时点将关税成本更大范围地转嫁给消费者。今年第二季度，企业库存已出现下降。 与此同时，美国政府仍在推动更多关税政策，本周特朗普宣布对品牌药品征收100%的关税，对重型卡 车征收25%的关税。 剔除波动较大的食品和能源价格后，8月核心PCE价格指数环比增长0.2%，同比增长2.9%，均与7月持 平。 分类别看，服务价格上涨 0.3%，主要反映在机票、酒店住宿、金融服务与保险、住房及公用事业等领 域，推动了PCE通 ...

来源：券商中国 美联储最青睐的通胀指标出炉。 北京时间9月26日晚间，美国商务部经济分析局发布的报告显示，美联储最青睐的通胀指标—美国8月核 心PCE物价指数（剔除食品和能源）同比增长2.9%，环比增长0.2%，均符合预期。对此，美国总统特朗 普评论道："经济表现不错，价格下降。" 华尔街分析人士指出，美国8月核心PCE通胀基本维持稳定，这可能会让美联储保持既定的降息节奏。 据CME"美联储观察"，截至北京时间27日06:30，美联储10月维持利率不变的概率为10.2%，降息25个基 点的概率升至89.8%。 受此影响，美元指数短线跳水，日内一度跌至98.1338，跌近0.4%；COMEX黄金期货一度涨超1%，日 内最高报3814.4美元/盎司；美股三大指数全线走高，截至收盘，道指涨0.65%，标普500指数涨0.59%， 纳指涨0.44%。 重磅数据出炉 北京时间9月26日晚间，美国商务部经济分析局发布的数据显示，美国8月个人消费支出（PCE）物价指 数同比增长2.7%，符合预期，前值为2.6%；环比增长0.3%，亦符合市场预期。 美国8月核心PCE物价指数（剔除食品和能源）同比增长2.9%，符合预期，前值 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the Federal Reserve should aim for a minimal scale of its balance sheet and should not implement emergency tools for an extended period [1] - Recent data indicates a weakening job market, suggesting potential economic challenges ahead [1]

（文章来源：新华财经） 美联储官员巴尔金表示，劳动力市场可能正在走弱，劳动力供给的增长速度也在放缓。近期降息应有助 于就业市场，同时继续对高于目标水平的通胀施加压力。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Global central banks are entering a new phase of policy adjustment characterized by unprecedented divergence, with Japan initiating asset reduction, the Federal Reserve implementing preventive rate cuts, while the European and UK central banks remain cautious amid persistent inflation pressures [1][18]. Central Bank Policy Summary Federal Reserve (Fed) - The Fed lowered the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points to 4.0%-4.25% as a risk management measure, citing a slowdown in economic growth and a cooling labor market [3][4]. - The decision was influenced by a combination of high inflation and weakening employment, with the core PCE index rising to 2.9% in August [3][4]. - Fed Chairman Powell emphasized that future policy decisions will be made on a meeting-by-meeting basis without preset paths [5]. Bank of Japan (BOJ) - The BOJ maintained its policy rate at 0.5% but announced an annual reduction plan for its substantial ETF and J-REITs holdings, starting with approximately 620 billion yen (about 4.2 billion USD) [6][7]. - This marks a significant step towards normalizing the ultra-loose monetary policy that has been in place for over a decade [6]. - The BOJ's core CPI rose by 2.7% year-on-year in August, indicating persistent inflationary pressures despite a slight decline from July [7]. European Central Bank (ECB) and Bank of England (BoE) - The ECB kept its deposit rate at 2%, citing strong economic resilience in the Eurozone and inflation nearing the 2% target [9][10]. - The BoE also maintained its rate at 4%, highlighting significant medium-term inflation pressures despite a slight GDP growth [11][12]. - Both central banks are cautious about further easing due to persistent inflation risks and geopolitical uncertainties [10][11]. Other Central Banks - The Bank of Canada cut its benchmark overnight rate by 25 basis points to 2.5% to address the economic impact of U.S. tariffs, with a focus on balancing economic and inflation risks [14][15]. - The Reserve Bank of Australia reduced its cash rate to 3.6%, indicating a cautious approach to further easing based on economic data and external risks [16][17]. Global Monetary Policy Landscape - The global monetary policy environment is shifting towards a phase of high uncertainty, with central banks facing complex challenges including inflation dynamics, external risks from trade policies, and political instability [18]. - The divergence in policy approaches among major central banks reflects a transition from coordinated actions to a more nuanced, differentiated strategy in response to varying economic conditions [18].

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates by 25 basis points reflects a response to economic data indicating a weakening job market, despite ongoing inflationary pressures [1][2][6] Economic Data and Employment - The Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate target range to 4.00% to 4.25%, marking the first rate cut in 2025 after a nine-month interval [1] - August non-farm payrolls increased by only 22,000, significantly below market expectations and down from a revised 79,000 in July [1] - Revised data indicates that from April 2024 to March 2025, the U.S. added 911,000 fewer jobs than initially reported, highlighting a more sluggish employment market [1] Inflation and Monetary Policy - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 2.9% year-over-year in August, the largest increase since January, with a median inflation forecast of 3% for the end of 2025, above the Fed's 2% target [2] - Powell emphasized that the rate cut was a data-driven decision aimed at mitigating risks from a softening job market, rather than a political maneuver [2][5] Political Dynamics and Federal Reserve Independence - Trump's desire for a more aggressive rate cut stems from the U.S. national debt exceeding $37 trillion, with interest payments becoming a significant budgetary concern [3] - The Fed's decision-making process is designed to resist short-term political pressures, with Powell receiving broad support from the financial and academic communities [5][6] - The Fed's 25 basis point cut is seen as a cautious response to economic conditions, maintaining its independence despite external pressures from the Trump administration [5][6] Market Reactions and Global Context - Following the rate cut announcement, U.S. stock indices initially rose before retreating, while the dollar experienced volatility, indicating mixed market reactions [4] - Approximately 90% of businesses plan to raise prices within three months, reflecting ongoing inflation concerns [4] - Global central banks are responding differently to the Fed's actions, with the European Central Bank remaining steady and the Bank of Japan considering rate hikes, showcasing varied economic conditions across regions [5]

美联储内部正在上演一场罕见的多空对决，点阵图背后的分裂信号预示今年货币政策可能充满变数。 本次美联储降息决定并非一致通过。FOMC投票结果显示，11票赞成、1票反对。唯一的反对票来自新 任美联储理事斯蒂芬·米兰，他主张更大幅度的 。 这一异议凸显了央行内部就如何有力应对不断变化的经济条件的辩论日益加剧。 点阵图进一步暴露了美联储高层的分裂态势。19位FOMC成员中，有9人支持年内再降息50个基点至 3.5?.75%，6人支持将利率维持在当前的4?.25%区间，1人甚至支持年内再降息125个基点。 这种分布不是偶然，而是反映了决策层对经济基本面判断的根本性差异。 美联储在声明中对就业市场的判断也发生了微妙变化，从"失业率依然较低，劳动力市场状况保持良 好"转变为" ，但仍保持在低位"。 美联储此次降息决定建立在复杂的经济数据基础上。8月份美国失业率升至4.3%，创四年来新高，同期 非农就业新增人数远低于预期。 北京时间9月18日凌晨，美联储宣布降息25个基点，将联邦基金利率目标区间下调至4.00?.25%。这是自 2024年12月以来美联储 ，标志着货币政策从紧缩转向宽松的关键转折点。 美联储主席鲍威尔将此次降 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve is experiencing deepening divisions regarding further interest rate cuts, with some officials expressing concerns about aggressive easing potentially hindering inflation from returning to the 2% target, while others advocate for faster cuts due to perceived economic weaknesses [1][5]. Group 1: Divergent Views on Rate Cuts - Kansas City Fed President Jeff Schmid and Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee are cautious about further rate cuts, fearing that excessive easing could impede inflation from falling to the Fed's 2% target [1]. - Schmid believes the current policy stance is slightly restrictive and in an appropriate position, while Goolsbee warns against multiple aggressive cuts based solely on employment data [1][3]. - In contrast, Fed Vice Chair Michelle Bowman and newly appointed Governor Stephen Miran are pushing for more aggressive rate cuts, arguing that inflation is close enough to the target and the labor market is weaker than expected [1][5]. Group 2: Emphasis on Inflation and Employment - Schmid emphasizes the necessity of a moderately tight policy, expressing concerns that inflation may remain sticky and could rise to 3% instead of falling to the 2% target [2]. - Goolsbee highlights the risk of stagflation, indicating that the current environment shows signs of such pressures, complicating the Fed's dual mandate of managing inflation and employment [3]. - Bowman points out that the labor market is more fragile than anticipated, suggesting that the committee should take decisive action given the low average job growth since April [5]. Group 3: Calls for Aggressive Easing - Miran advocates for immediate and substantial rate cuts, suggesting a reduction of 150 to 200 basis points to reach a neutral rate, arguing that the current 4% to 4.25% rate is overly restrictive [5]. - He was the only official to vote against the recent 25 basis point cut, favoring a 50 basis point reduction instead, reflecting a more aggressive stance on monetary policy [5].

在批评鲍威尔的同时，贝森特对新上任的美联储理事米兰大加赞赏 ，称其为理事会注入了"新鲜血液"。 由特朗普总统提名、并于上周美联储会议前获得参议 院批准的米兰，是一位激进降息的倡导者。 美国财政部长贝森特罕见地公开表达了对美联储主席鲍威尔的不满，批评其未能为降息建立清晰的议程，凸显出美国政府与美联储在货币政策路径上的分歧日 益加剧。 贝森特周三在接受媒体采访时表示， 当前的利率"限制性过强，需要下调"。 他指出， 对于鲍威尔未能在年底前释放至少降息100至150个基点的信号，他感 到"有些惊讶"。 贝森特的此番言论，与鲍威尔前一日的审慎表态形成鲜明对比。鲍威尔周二在罗德岛州的一场活动中重申，美联储正面临劳动力市场走弱和通胀上行风险并存 的"挑战性局面"。他强调，双向风险意味着不存在"无风险的路径"，暗示了其在进一步放宽政策上的谨慎态度。 这场公开的政策分歧，发生在白宫正在物色鲍威尔继任者的微妙时刻。贝森特透露， 他正在面试11名候选人以接替鲍威尔的职位，他正在寻找一位思想开放的 人来担任美联储主席。 新任理事的异议之声 鲍威尔的审慎立场 在权衡未来决策时，鲍威尔正努力在两大对立的经济风险之间寻找平衡。据他在普罗 ...