Core Insights - The report titled "2025 Research Frontiers" indicates that China ranks first in the research frontiers heat index in six fields, showcasing its strong research capabilities and active exploration in these areas [1][6]. Group 1: Research Fields - The "2025 Research Frontiers" report identifies 110 hot frontiers and 18 emerging frontiers across 11 highly integrated disciplines, including agricultural science, botany and zoology, ecological and environmental sciences, earth sciences, chemistry and materials science [3]. - The research frontiers heat index reveals the research activity levels of major countries and regions in these 11 disciplines, with China leading in agricultural science, botany and zoology, ecological and environmental sciences, chemistry and materials science, physics, information science, as well as economics, psychology, and other social sciences [6]. Group 2: Research Quality and Trends - The president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Technology Strategy Consulting Institute, Pan Jiaofeng, stated that the quality of basic research in China has steadily improved, emphasizing the importance of artificial intelligence in transforming research paradigms and its application across various fields [8].

Core Insights - The article highlights the innovative practices in scientific research led by renowned biologist and academician Shi Yigong, emphasizing his role in establishing Westlake University and the New Cornerstone Researcher Program, which aims to foster original research in China [1][2][3] Group 1: New Cornerstone Researcher Program - The New Cornerstone Researcher Program is one of the largest philanthropic projects in China supporting basic research, with funding categories for experimental and theoretical research, providing up to 25 million yuan (approximately 3.5 million USD) for experimental researchers over five years [2][3] - Shi Yigong emphasizes that university administrators are ineligible to apply for the program to ensure that the funding is directed towards researchers who can dedicate their time to scientific exploration [2][6] - The program has implemented a unique evaluation mechanism involving international peer review to maintain high scientific standards and avoid biases, with 489 instances of conflict of interest avoidance reported during the evaluation process [6] Group 2: Research Environment and Philosophy - The program aims to create a research environment free from the pressures of publication metrics, allowing researchers to focus on groundbreaking discoveries rather than quantity of output [3][4][5] - Shi Yigong advocates for a shift in the academic culture, arguing that traditional metrics like publication counts hinder innovation and that the focus should be on impactful scientific contributions [3][4] - The average age of selected researchers in the latest round of the program is 45, indicating a trend towards younger scientists, with a notable number of candidates applying independently rather than through institutions [7]

Core Insights - The industry is transitioning from an era focused on "scaling" to one driven by "fundamental research" in AI development [1][2] - Ilya categorizes AI development into three phases: the Age of Research (2012-2020), the Age of Scaling (2020-2025), and a return to the Age of Research post-2025 [2] - Current AI models are facing limitations in scaling, necessitating a renewed focus on research methodologies similar to those used before 2020 [2][4] Group 1: Phases of AI Development - The Age of Research (2012-2020) was characterized by experimentation with new ideas and architectures, resulting in models like AlexNet, ResNet, and Transformer [2] - The Age of Scaling (2020-2025) introduced a straightforward yet effective approach of using more computational power, data, and larger models for pre-training, leading to significant advancements [2] - The anticipated return to the Age of Research suggests that the effectiveness of scaling is diminishing, prompting a need for innovative breakthroughs [2] Group 2: Critique of Current Approaches - Ilya questions the effectiveness of reinforcement learning and scoring methods, arguing they produce machines with limited generalization capabilities [3] - He emphasizes the importance of value functions in decision-making, likening human emotions to a simple yet effective value function that current large models struggle to replicate [3] - The concept of a new intelligent system capable of self-learning and growth is proposed, envisioning an AI akin to a 15-year-old capable of various tasks [3] Group 3: Industry Trends and Future Directions - Ilya's recent statements align with the industry's recognition of stagnation in large language models, attributed to data limitations [4] - Despite the diminishing returns of scaling, the focus should shift towards inference, with significant revenue projections for pure inference APIs and AI hardware rentals [4] - SSI, the company Ilya is associated with, prioritizes research and alignment, aiming to develop safe superintelligent systems without immediate commercial considerations [4][5]

世界百年变局加速演进，科技成为大国博弈主战场。集成电路、生物科技等是竞争最激烈的领域，也是 我国"卡脖子"问题突出的领域。只有瞄准世界科技前沿，下好"先手棋"，打好基础、储备长远，不断取 得重大原创性成果，才能筑牢国家安全底座，夯实发展的根基。 当前，科学研究向极宏观拓展、向极微观深入、向极端条件迈进、向极综合交叉发力，前沿技术呈现加 速突破、交叉融合和群体跃升态势，人工智能赋能科学研究的新范式正在兴起，原创性成果持续涌现。 人工智能、量子科技、生物技术等领域深入发展，我国迎来换道超车的历史机遇。新一轮科技革命和产 业变革抓住了就是机遇，抓不住就是挑战。作为科学探索的源头，基础研究不仅是技术突破的基石，更 是产业变革的底层驱动力；它既为技术突破提供理论支撑，又为产业升级注入持续动力。只有在基础研 究领域不断取得突破，形成原创性、颠覆性、引领性科技成果，才能在新一轮科技革命和产业变革中、 在大国博弈交织的国际竞争中赢得战略主动。 （文章来源：新华社） 新华社北京11月30日电 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提出："强 化科学研究、技术开发原始创新导向"。这是全面增强自主创新能力，加 ...

新华社北京11月30日电 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提 出："强化科学研究、技术开发原始创新导向"。这是全面增强自主创新能力，加快推进高水平科技自立 自强的重要举措。 科技强国的基本要素之一就是拥有强大的基础研究和原始创新能力，持续产出重大原创性、颠覆性科技 成果。历史发展进程表明，世界科技强国都是科学基础雄厚的国家，在重要科技领域处于领先行列，特 别是在解决人类面临的重大挑战、基本科学问题上，能够开辟新的领域方向、构建新的科学理论体系。 只有掌握原创基础理论、底层技术原理，才能筑牢科技创新根基和底座。实现高水平科技自立自强、建 设科技强国，必须把基础研究摆在突出位置，从源头和底层解决关键核心技术问题。只有进一步强化原 始创新导向，才能让科技创新之树更加枝繁叶茂。 世界百年变局加速演进，科技成为大国博弈主战场。集成电路、生物科技等是竞争最激烈的领域，也是 我国"卡脖子"问题突出的领域。只有瞄准世界科技前沿，下好"先手棋"，打好基础、储备长远，不断取 得重大原创性成果，才能筑牢国家安全底座，夯实发展的根基。 当前，科学研究向极宏观拓展、向极微观深入、向极端条件迈进、向极综合交叉 ...

本报北京11月26日电 （记者陈圆圆）第三期新基石研究员项目资助名单24日在京揭晓。第三期新基石 研究员共35名，其中数学与物质科学领域19名，生物与医学科学领域16名。 新基石研究员项目本年度设置了6个名额，专门用于资助青年科学家。新一期研究员平均年龄45岁，远 低于55岁的申报门槛，也低于往期47岁的平均年龄。其中青年科学家9名，占比超过1/4。 新基石研究员项目由新基石科学基金会运营，是一项聚焦原始创新、鼓励自由探索的新型基础研究资助 项目，设置数学与物质科学、生物与医学科学两大领域，并鼓励学科交叉研究。项目资助类别分为实验 类和理论类，资助期为5年。资助期内实验类每人2500万元，理论类每人1500万元，期满可申请续期资 助。 项目具有"选人不选项目"的鲜明特色，不对研究员设置明确的研究任务，不考核论文数量，也不限定必 须拿出成果的期限。截至目前，已有3期共139名科学家成为新基石研究员。未来，项目将保持两年一次 的开放频率，10年稳定支持200至300名杰出科学家。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年11月27日 11 版） (责编：白宇、卫嘉) 关注公众号：人民网财经 ...

这份名单能够出炉，除了作为项目评审的6位院士的参与外，还有许多海外专家在过去两天里从世界各地飞赴北京参加评审。临近年底，在一年最为繁忙之 时，为什么一份名单能够让如此多的院士专家们齐聚一堂？贝壳财经记者在现场感受到，这些科学家所看重和期待的，是有可能改变和助推中国基础研究发 展的力量。 王志珍 EE 好看 中国科学院院士 新基石科学基金会理事长 中国科学院生物物理研究所 રી ફ 新基石, 造會 王志珍 6位院士在新基石研究员名单发布会现场接受记者提问。新京报贝壳财经记者 罗亦丹 摄 经过半年多的申报与评审，11月24日，王志珍、施一公、张杰、潘建伟、杨学明、卢煜明6位院士齐聚北京的2025年（第三期）新基石研究员名单发布会现 场，宣布了本次入选的35名杰出科学家名单，并现场接受了包括新京报贝壳财经在内的媒体采访。 "我们希望选出最优秀的一批中青年科学家从事基础研究，对于他们将来的突破，我本人或者我们科委会成员是无法预测的。我们对他们寄予厚望，相信新 基石研究员一定会在数学、物理、化学、理论计算机、生物和医学领域有重大突破，具体有什么突破，你们可以拭目以待。"施一公在回答记者提问时说。 做更好的科学，而不是为 ...

Core Viewpoint - Achieving high-level technological self-reliance and strength is crucial for China's modernization efforts, as emphasized by President Xi Jinping [2]. Group 1: Technological Self-Reliance - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes technological self-reliance as a strategic support for national development, while the "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance to lead new productive forces [2]. - Over the past five years, China has made significant technological innovations, laying a solid foundation for further advancements [2]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests consolidating advantages, breaking bottlenecks, and enhancing weaknesses to gain strategic initiative in international competition [2]. Group 2: Key Technological Breakthroughs - The Chinese Academy of Sciences announced a breakthrough in producing large-area two-dimensional metallic materials, challenging traditional views on metal forms [3]. - Key core technologies must be developed through independent innovation to solve critical issues, as highlighted by advancements in the BeiDou navigation system and domestic operating systems [4]. - A new type of fluorinated polyether electrolyte has been developed, paving the way for high-safety, high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries [5]. Group 3: Strengthening Basic Research - Basic research funding has increased by over 70% since 2020, with China leading in high-level international journal publications and patent applications for five consecutive years [6]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" calls for a strategic, forward-looking, and systematic approach to enhance basic research and original innovation capabilities [6]. - Emphasis on original innovation is crucial for driving development, with a focus on creating more landmark original achievements [7]. Group 4: Competing in High-Tech Fields - China has made significant strides in high-tech fields, with over 20 companies recognized in TIME magazine's list of the best inventions for 2025, particularly in AI and robotics [8]. - Major technological achievements include the successful launch of the Shenzhou 21 manned spacecraft and the completion of the "Deep Sea No. 1" gas field, showcasing China's advancements in aerospace and deep-sea oil and gas development [9][8]. Group 5: New Quality Productive Forces - The integration of technology and industry is accelerating, with the "new economy" expected to contribute over 18% to GDP by 2024, driven by AI, renewable energy, and biotechnology [13]. - The development of new quality productive forces is essential for high-quality growth, focusing on improving total factor productivity [13]. - The importance of enhancing the "green attributes" of products is highlighted by the introduction of carbon footprint reports for exports [11]. Group 6: Innovation Ecosystem - The need for a complete innovation ecosystem is emphasized, moving from isolated breakthroughs to a systematic approach that includes collaboration between government, academia, and industry [9]. - Strengthening the role of enterprises in technological innovation is crucial, with specific measures proposed to support high-tech enterprises and foster innovation [15]. - The establishment of regional innovation centers and the promotion of collaborative innovation across regions are key strategies for enhancing China's technological capabilities [16].

11月24日，"新基石研究员项目"揭晓第三期获资助名单，35位杰出科学家上榜。 "我们的评审，始终以科学问题和探索突破为中心，不看出身、名头，看重的是申报人对科学的理解和 追求，希望选拔出一批充满梦想，相信自己能够做出世界级成就的科学家。"中国科学院院士、中国物 理学会理事长、"新基石研究员项目"科学委员会委员张杰表示。 从名单来看，新一期研究员平均年龄45岁，不但远低于55岁的申报门槛，和往期47岁的平均年龄相比， 也有所下降。其中青年科学家9位(男性未满40周岁；女性未满43周岁)，创纪录地占比超过四分之一。 最年轻的研究员中国科学院大连化学物理研究所研究员吴凯丰，申报时仅有35岁。 "'选人不选项目'，就是因为我们充分尊重'从0到1'的科学探索风险极高、难于规划、耗时漫长的客观现 实，并通过这样的机制对研究员们进行长期稳定灵活的支持，让他们能静下心来瞄准最前沿的课题，做 出颠覆性的工作。"中国科学院院士、南方科技大学讲席教授、"新基石研究员项目"科学委员会委员杨 学明说。 青年科学家占比提升与项目今年的新设置密不可分。项目本年度设置了6个名额，专门用于资助青年科 学家。在这样的背景下，今年项目共有669 ...

11月24日，"新基石研究员项目"公布第三期获资助名单，共有35位科学家入选。纵观本期新基石研究员 名单，青年科学家占比提升是最大的亮点。新一期研究员平均年龄45岁，不但远低于55岁的申报门槛， 和往期47岁的平均年龄相比，也有所下降。 具体来看，资助名单中，青年科学家共有9位（男性未满40周岁；女性未满43周岁），创纪录地占比超 过四分之一。最年轻的研究员中国科学院大连化学物理研究所研究员吴凯丰，申报时仅有35岁。 青年科学家占比提升与项目今年的新设置密不可分。项目本年度设置了6个名额，专门用于资助青年科 学家。在这样的背景下，今年项目共有669人申报，比上一期增加15%，增量主要来自青年科学家，有 131位青年申报，比上一期增长77人。 在资助名单发布当天的新闻发布会上，中国科学院院士、西湖大学校长、"新基石研究员项目"科学委员 会主席施一公表示，青年科学家名额的设置，既是为了更好地响应科学界的呼声，也考虑了青年科学家 成长的实际规律。年轻人在积累上不占优势，但他们闯劲儿更足，创造力更足，在世界科学史上，众多 重大原创科研成果就来自年轻科学家。 此外，数学与理论计算机领域的3位入选研究员中，有两位青年科学 ...