Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the significant advancements and investments in nuclear fusion technology in Shanghai, particularly focusing on high-temperature superconductors and tokamak devices, which are seen as crucial for the future of energy production [1][7][10] - Yixi Technology, a Shanghai-based company specializing in superconducting magnets for nuclear fusion, has recently completed a new round of financing, raising approximately 200 million yuan, indicating strong investor interest in this sector [1][5] - Shanghai has established itself as a hub for nuclear fusion innovation, with over 12 billion yuan in financing for related enterprises, positioning the city as a potential global leader in fusion energy technology [1][7] Group 2 - The tokamak device, which is essential for magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, relies heavily on superconducting magnets, with manufacturing costs for these magnets accounting for 30%-40% of the total device cost [2][3] - High-temperature superconductors have been a focus of research and development in Shanghai, with local companies like Shanghai Superconductor making significant progress in producing second-generation superconducting tapes, which are crucial for the development of fusion reactors [3][5] - The Shanghai Future Industry Fund has invested in multiple companies, including China Fusion and Dongsheng Fusion, to support the development of various fusion technologies, emphasizing the city's strategic investment in this emerging industry [6][9] Group 3 - The establishment of the China Fusion headquarters in Shanghai marks a significant step in advancing the country's fusion engineering and commercialization efforts, with a focus on research and production capabilities [6][8] - The collaborative ecosystem in Shanghai, which includes partnerships between universities, research institutions, and private enterprises, is fostering innovation in nuclear fusion technology, making it an attractive location for startups in this field [7][9] - The integration of artificial intelligence with nuclear fusion research is being explored, with the potential to enhance the development of fusion power plants and provide sustainable energy solutions for future technological advancements [9][10]

Core Insights - China has successfully secured over 140 cash procurement contracts from the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) organization, with a contract value exceeding €120 million (approximately 980 million RMB) for 2025 [1] - The ITER program has significantly driven industrial development, with one company nurtured, three companies listed, and over 20 enterprises entering international markets [1] - Nuclear fusion energy is recognized for its abundant resources, safety, efficiency, and environmental friendliness, positioning it as a crucial direction for future energy development [1] Group 1 - China's nuclear fusion sector has achieved notable advancements, with key core technologies making significant breakthroughs and research platforms reaching international standards [2] - The construction of the next-generation "artificial sun," the Compact Fusion Energy Experimental Reactor (BEST), is underway, with plans to complete it by the end of 2027 [2] - Superconducting materials are essential for fusion devices, with low-temperature superconductors already industrialized and high-temperature superconductors entering the engineering phase [2] Group 2 - The integration of nuclear fusion technology innovation with industrial innovation is crucial for ensuring stable and sustainable development in the sector [2] - The event included a roundtable forum and signing ceremonies for various projects, including the ITER magnet power supply phase II and key technology development for terahertz laser pump systems [2]

Core Insights - China has successfully secured over 140 cash procurement contracts from the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) organization, with the contract amount exceeding 120 million euros (approximately 980 million RMB) for 2025 [1] - The ITER program has significantly driven industrial development, with one company nurtured, three companies listed, and over 20 enterprises entering international markets [1] - Nuclear fusion energy is recognized for its abundant resources, safety, efficiency, and environmental friendliness, positioning it as a crucial direction for future energy development [1] Group 1 - China's nuclear fusion sector has achieved notable accomplishments, with major breakthroughs in key core technologies and the overall innovation capability significantly enhanced [2] - The construction of the next-generation "artificial sun," the Compact Fusion Energy Experimental Device (BEST), is underway, with plans to complete it by the end of 2027 [2] - Superconducting materials are critical for fusion devices, with low-temperature superconductors already industrialized and high-temperature superconductors entering the engineering demonstration phase [2] Group 2 - The integration of nuclear fusion technology innovation and industrial innovation is emphasized as essential for ensuring stable and sustainable development in the sector [2] - The event included a roundtable forum and signing ceremonies for various projects, including the ITER magnet power supply phase II and key technology development for terahertz laser pump systems [2]

Group 1: Aerospace and Nuclear Fusion Achievements - China has made significant breakthroughs in aerospace and nuclear fusion, showcasing its hard power capabilities [1] - The "International Scientific Program for Burning Plasma" was officially launched in Hefei, Anhui, with the BEST device set to validate long-pulse steady-state operation by the end of 2027 [2] Group 2: Lunar Construction and Space Missions - The first batch of "lunar bricks" has successfully returned to Earth after a year-long space exposure experiment, weighing approximately 100 grams [3] - The Shenzhou-22 spacecraft was successfully launched as China's first emergency mission, carrying essential supplies and equipment to the space station [4] Group 3: Maritime Engineering - The new generation of ultra-large dredging vessel "Tongjun" has successfully completed all sea trials and is ready for operational use, boasting the largest hold capacity in Asia at 38,168 cubic meters [5][9] Group 4: Environmental Technology - The world's first aerosol-meteorological coupled forecasting AI model has been tested and is now operational, capable of providing high-precision environmental meteorological forecasts [10]

Core Insights - The "Hefei Fusion Declaration" was signed by fusion scientists from over ten countries, marking a commitment to global collaboration in fusion energy research [2][6] - The Chinese Academy of Sciences announced the opening of multiple leading fusion energy experimental facilities, including the BEST device, to international researchers [4][5] Group 1: Scientific Collaboration - The international scientific plan launched is timely, as nuclear fusion is seen as a potential "ultimate energy" source due to its clean and abundant fuel derived from seawater [4] - Richard Kamenje, from the EU Fusion Energy Commission, emphasized the necessity for global collaboration to address energy challenges [4][6] - The focus on "burning plasma" is crucial, as it represents a new phase in fusion research, with China aiming to achieve significant advancements in this area [4][5] Group 2: BEST Device Development - The BEST device utilizes compact high-field technology to achieve higher fusion power in a smaller volume, with its first key component successfully installed [5] - The goal for the BEST device is to conduct deuterium-tritium burning plasma experiments, aiming for fusion power output between 20 megawatts and 200 megawatts [5] - International experts expressed optimism about participating in the BEST research plan, viewing it as an exemplary model of global cooperation [5][6] Group 3: Global Scientific Ecosystem - The Hefei Fusion Declaration promotes an open and collaborative spirit among nations, encouraging researchers to engage in fusion studies in China [6] - The initiative reflects a broader call for a new ecosystem where humanity collectively addresses scientific challenges [6] - The emphasis on science as a driver of peace highlights China's commitment to advancing global scientific goals for the benefit of all [6]

中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院副院长、等离子体所所长宋云涛表示："今天发布这个计划，意味 着有更多国际科学家和中国聚变科学家携手合作，共同为解决人类未来能源的核心科学和工程问题而努 力。" （原载于《科技日报》 2025-11-24 01版） 核聚变能，通过模拟太阳的聚变反应释放能量，被认为是人类的"终极能源"。BEST装置，是我国 新一代"人造太阳"。根据研究计划，该装置将于2027年底建成，随后进行氘氚燃烧等离子体实验研究， 验证其长脉冲稳态运行能力，力求聚变功率达到20兆瓦至200兆瓦，实现产出能量大于消耗能量，并力 争在2030年演示聚变能发电。 据了解，此次中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所（以下简称"等离子体所"）牵头 发起燃烧等离子体国际科学计划，中欧聚变研究团队面向全球共同发布BEST研究计划，希望进一步整 合国际聚变领域的合作资源，凝聚国际聚变科学家智慧，通过设立开放科研基金、组织国际学术会议、 搭建联合实验平台、建设国际化人才队伍等方式，围绕聚变物理前沿问题开展合作研究。 24日，中国科学院"燃烧等离子体"国际科学计划项目在安徽合肥未来大科学城BEST装置大厅正式 启动，紧凑型聚 ...

中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院副院长、等离子体物理研究所所长宋云涛介绍，随着ITER及BEST 项目的快速推进，聚变装置实验研究将要进入燃烧等离子体的新阶段，这是聚变工程研究的关键，这意 味着核聚变像"火焰"一样，由反应本身产生的热量来维持，是未来持续发电的基础。 "这是'无人区'的探索，将面临许多工程与物理挑战。"宋云涛说，牵头启动国际科学计划，既能依 托中国超导托卡马克大科学团队的建制化优势，也有助于凝聚全球科学家的智慧与力量，协同突破聚变 11 月 24 日在安徽合肥未来大科学城拍摄的燃烧等离子体国际科学计划项目启动暨紧凑型聚变能实验装置 BEST 研究计划发布活动现场。新华社记者 何曦悦 摄 中国科学院"燃烧等离子体"国际科学计划项目24日正式启动，面向全球开放包括紧凑型聚变能实验 装置BEST在内的多个领先的聚变能实验装置及平台，协同攻关科学难题，携手点亮人类清洁能源的未 来。 根据国际科学计划，中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所将面向全球开放多个核聚 变大科学装置平台，通过设立开放科研基金、资助高频次专家互访交流、搭建联合实验平台等，围绕聚 变物理前沿问题开展合作研究。 在安徽合肥未来大 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Burning Plasma" International Scientific Program initiated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences aims to advance nuclear fusion research by opening multiple leading fusion energy experimental facilities, including the BEST device, to global collaboration, promoting clean energy solutions for humanity [2][3]. Group 1: Project Launch and Collaboration - The "Burning Plasma" International Scientific Program was officially launched on November 24, 2023, in Hefei, Anhui, China, with the BEST compact fusion energy experimental device being a key component [2]. - The program will establish an open research fund, support frequent expert exchanges, and create joint experimental platforms to tackle frontier issues in fusion physics [2]. - Scientists from over ten countries, including France, the UK, and Germany, signed the "Hefei Fusion Declaration," promoting the spirit of open sharing and collaborative win-win outcomes in fusion research [2]. Group 2: Technological Advancements and Goals - China's nuclear fusion research has accelerated in recent years, breaking multiple world records, with the Plasma Physics Research Institute being a major contributor to the ITER project and collaborating with over 120 research institutions across 50 countries [3]. - The BEST device is set to enter a new phase of research focused on burning plasma, which is crucial for sustainable fusion energy generation, as it relies on heat generated by the reaction itself [3]. - The BEST research plan aims to conduct deuterium-tritium burning plasma experiments, targeting a fusion power output between 20 megawatts and 200 megawatts, with the goal of achieving energy output greater than energy input [3].

一、核心使命：2027 年实现 "能量产出＞消耗"，演示聚变发电 核聚变能被称为 "终极能源"—— 模拟太阳内部氢核聚变成氦核的反应，释放清洁、无限的能量，且无碳排放、无核废料污染。此次启动的国际科学计划， 直指聚变研究的 "无人区"： 作为我国下一代 "人造太阳"，BEST 装置集成了多项全球领先技术，彰显中国聚变研究的建制化优势： "3、2、1，启动！"11 月 24 日上午，安徽合肥未来大科学城的紧凑型聚变能实验装置 (BEST) 主机大厅内，随着中国科学院副院长丁汉院士一声宣布，我国 "燃烧等离子体" 国际科学计划正式启动，面向全球发布 BEST 研究蓝图。来自法国、英国、德国等十余个国家的科学家现场签署《合肥聚变宣言》，共同 聚力点燃 "人造太阳"，向着人类 "终极能源" 迈出关键一步。 "以前国际聚变研究由欧美主导，现在中国不仅能自主建造顶尖装置，还能牵头制定国际计划。" 参与签约的德国聚变专家马克・舒尔茨坦言。 三、全球协同：开放共享大科学平台，凝聚十国智慧 此次国际科学计划的核心亮点是 "开放合作"，打破了传统科研壁垒： 截至启动仪式，已有 12 个国家的 37 家科研机构签署合作协议，首批 ...

"这是'无人区'的探索，将面临许多工程与物理挑战。"宋云涛说，如阿尔法粒子对维持聚变反应所 需的超高温条件至关重要，但对其输运规律等研究有待深入。"牵头启动国际科学计划，既能依托我国 超导托卡马克大科学团队的建制化优势，也有助于凝聚全球科学家的智慧与力量，协同突破聚变燃烧前 沿物理难题。" 2025 年 10 月 1 日拍摄的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（ BEST ）建设现场（无人机照片）。新华社记者 周 牧 摄 根据国际科学计划，等离子体物理研究所将面向全球开放包括BEST在内的多个核聚变大科学装置 平台，设立开放科研基金、资助高频次专家互访交流。来自法国、英国、德国等十余个国家的聚变科学 家共同签署《合肥聚变宣言》，该宣言倡导开放共享与合作共赢精神，鼓励各国的科研人员到中国开展 聚变合作研究。 开展燃烧等离子体物理研究、实现产出能量大于消耗能量、演示聚变能发电……11月24日上午，在 位于安徽合肥未来大科学城的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（BEST）主机大厅，中国科学院"燃烧等离子 体"国际科学计划正式启动并面向国际聚变界首次发布BEST研究计划，聚力点燃"人造太阳"。 核聚变能，模拟太阳的聚变反应释放能量，被誉为人类 ...