事实上，采取中长期大额存单高低门槛并行的并非工商银行一家。 记者注意到，农业银行一款名为"金穗2025年第40期个人大额存单（可转让）"的3年期存单产品，当前 显示的起存金额高达500万元。与此同时，该行第39期和第41期3年期大额存单的起存金额仍为20万元。 近日，一则工商银行（601398）上调3年期大额存单起售门槛至100万元的消息引发关注。 《国际金融报》记者梳理发现，除工商银行外，农业银行（601288）一款3年期大额存单产品的起售门 槛达到500万元，两家银行普通的20万元起存的产品同样在售。与此同时，国有银行均已下架5年期大额 存单，多家银行3年期大额存单额度吃紧，且大额存单利率已与同期限普通定期存款持平。 受访专家指出，近期工商银行、农业银行的调整或反映行业性趋势，即商业银行正在将传统的大额存款 产品转变为客户关系维护工具。 大额存单高低门槛并行 12月4日，《国际金融报》记者查询工商银行手机银行App发现，门槛"升至"100万元起存的是一款标注 为"高端"的3年期大额存单产品。 "这款高端大额存单主要控制起存金额不控制客群，满足起存金额即可存入。"工作人员告诉记者。 记者还注意到，常规的20 ...

Core Viewpoint - The banking industry is facing pressure on net interest margins, leading to a control on liabilities and a reduced likelihood of a deposit competition by the end of 2025 [1][6]. Group 1: Deposit Products and Interest Rates - Some banks have temporarily suspended the issuance of term deposits of 1 year and above, with current rates for shorter-term deposits ranging from 1.25% to 1.45% [1][3]. - Six major state-owned banks have collectively removed 5-year large certificates of deposit (CDs) from their offerings, while still providing various term deposit products with maximum rates of 1.3% [1][4]. - The interest rates for 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year term deposits from state-owned banks are approximately between 0.95% and 1.3% [4][5]. Group 2: Net Interest Margin and Loan Quality - As of the end of Q3 2025, the net interest margin for commercial banks was 1.42%, remaining stable compared to Q2 but down by 11 basis points year-on-year [6][7]. - The non-performing loan ratio for commercial banks was 1.52%, an increase of 0.03 percentage points from the previous quarter [1]. - The net interest margin for joint-stock banks and rural commercial banks was relatively higher at 1.56% and 1.58%, respectively, while state-owned banks and city commercial banks had lower margins of 1.31% and 1.37% [7]. Group 3: Strategic Adjustments in Banking - Banks are optimizing their liabilities as a core strategy, with many large and medium-sized banks ceasing the issuance of long-term large CDs since Q2 2024 [4][6]. - The banking sector is focusing on aligning loan pricing with business risks to maintain reasonable net interest margins, amidst concerns of a potential "inversion" between non-performing rates and net interest margins [6][7]. - The trend of deposit rates being lowered has been ongoing, with the latest adjustments occurring on May 20, 2025, marking the seventh reduction since September 2022 [5].

Core Viewpoint - Recent adjustments in the minimum deposit thresholds for large certificates of deposit (CDs) by major banks indicate a shift in the banking sector's strategy to manage deposits and maintain net interest margins, reflecting a broader industry trend towards higher entry barriers for deposit products [1][3][6] Group 1: Changes in Deposit Thresholds - Several major banks, including Industrial and Agricultural Banks, have raised the minimum deposit thresholds for large CDs significantly, with some products now requiring a minimum of 1 million yuan for 3-year CDs and 500,000 yuan for 1-year CDs, compared to the previous industry standard of 200,000 yuan [1][2] - Despite the higher thresholds, the interest rates and transferability conditions for these CDs remain unchanged, with both high and low minimum deposit products offering a rate of 1.55% [2][3] Group 2: Market Dynamics and Customer Behavior - The increase in minimum deposit amounts is not necessarily due to the attractiveness of higher threshold products but rather reflects banks' strategies to provide deposit channels for clients when lower threshold products are sold out, particularly at month-end or year-end [3] - Analysts suggest that for certain clients, the security and stability of funds, along with exclusive banking services, are more appealing than the interest rate itself, indicating a shift in customer priorities [3][6] Group 3: Banking Sector Trends - The net interest margin for commercial banks in China remains low at 1.42%, with some banks experiencing a decline, while others have stabilized their margins [4][5] - The trend of raising minimum deposit thresholds and reducing the availability of long-term deposit products is part of a broader strategy to optimize liability structures and stabilize net interest margins amid competitive pressures [5][6] - The interest rates for long-term deposits have decreased, with many banks now offering rates in the "1% range," leading to a phenomenon where shorter-term deposits are more attractive than longer-term ones [6]

Core Insights - The long-term large-denomination certificates of deposit (CDs) are gradually disappearing, with major state-owned banks ceasing to offer 5-year CDs, reflecting a shift in banks' liability management strategies in a low-interest-rate environment [1][2][4] Group 1: Changes in Product Offerings - Six major state-owned banks, including ICBC, ABC, BOC, CCB, BOCOM, and PSBC, have completely removed 5-year large-denomination CDs from their offerings [2][3] - The remaining products from these banks have shifted towards shorter terms, with ICBC offering rates of 1.55% for 3-year CDs and 1.20% for 1-year and 2-year CDs [2][3] - The absence of 5-year CDs has been noted across other banks, with Agricultural Bank of China also not listing any 5-year products in its catalog from 2018 to 2025 [3] Group 2: Impact on Interest Margins - The reduction of long-term high-cost CDs is seen as a direct method for banks to optimize their liability structure and stabilize net interest margins [4] - As of Q3 2025, the net interest margin for commercial banks in China was reported at 1.42%, remaining at a historical low [4] - Since the establishment of the market-oriented deposit rate adjustment mechanism in April 2022, major banks have reduced deposit rates in seven rounds, with the latest cuts occurring in May 2025 [4] Group 3: Shifts in Investment Behavior - With declining interest rates, there is a growing need for depositors to adopt rational expectations and consider diversified asset allocations, such as government bonds and low-risk investment products [5] - A survey indicated that 62.3% of urban residents preferred "more savings," a decrease of 1.5 percentage points from the previous quarter, while 18.5% favored "more investments," an increase of 5.6 percentage points [5] - The scale of the banking wealth management market reached 32.13 trillion yuan by the end of Q3 2025, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 9.42% [5]

2025.12.03 本文字数：3068，阅读时长大约5分钟 作者 |第一财经 杜川 岁末本是银行揽储旺季，但在净息差持续承压的背景下，银行业存款产品结构调整进入深水区。 记者近日发现，存款市场已进入差异化竞争阶段：一边是5年期大额存单正加速退出市场，部分国有大 行收缩长期高成本存款，推出更高起存门槛的大额存单；一边是中小银行差异化调整，逆势上调存款利 率。 中信证券首席经济学家明明表示，近期多家银行下架5年期定期存款产品，背后或暗含银行负债端久期 开始缩短的信号；此外，一般性存款增长波动加大、核心存款增长乏力等也难以为商业银行资产端拉长 久期提供较多支撑。然而，政府债供给期限以及银行提高收益的诉求下，银行客观存在拉长配债久期的 需求，因此如何兼顾收益与风险，将成为商业银行稳健发展的重要课题。 5年大额存单逐步退场 按照以往惯例，大额存单作为商业银行年底揽储的重磅产品，此时应是银行加大布局的旺季，但近期5 年期大额存单逐步退出市场成为显著趋势。 近日，六家国有大型商业银行对存款产品进行调整，集体下架五年期大额存单。目前仅剩三年期、二年 期、一年期、六个月等短期限大额存单产品供投资者选择。 以中国银行为例，"大 ...

Core Viewpoint - Australian major banks are entering the November earnings season with strong momentum and high expectations, driven by robust credit growth, prudent deposit pricing strategies, and strong performance from government bonds and market sectors expected in the second half of 2025. However, analysts warn that this may indicate the peak of the current cycle, with revenue growth likely to slow in FY2026 and net interest margin pressure potentially increasing as interest rate cuts gradually take effect [2][11]. Group 1: Revenue Momentum - Loan growth remains robust among Australian major banks, particularly in the corporate and institutional lending sectors, with Westpac and NAB expected to lead in revenue performance due to better loan structures and stricter deposit pricing strategies [4]. - Consumer credit growth has exceeded expectations, with a rebound in housing loan demand offsetting weaker refinancing activity [4]. - Macquarie is anticipated to report solid half-year results due to increased market activity and strong client trading volumes, while regional banks like Bendigo & Adelaide Bank are also expected to achieve steady growth [4]. Group 2: Net Interest Margin - The net interest margin (NIM) for Australian banks is expected to remain stable or slightly increase in FY2025, supported by deposit repricing, strong performance in New Zealand operations, and a shift towards higher-yielding corporate loans [5]. - However, this resilience in NIM is not expected to last long-term, with analysts predicting downward pressure in FY2026 due to interest rate cuts, narrowing deposit spreads, and diminishing returns from loan portfolios [5][6]. Group 3: Cost and Efficiency Focus - Cost control has become a primary competitive focus as FY2026 approaches, with upcoming earnings reports reflecting restructuring costs, wage inflation, and technology investments [7]. - Market attention will shift to the credibility of cost-cutting plans announced by major banks, with ANZ's new management seen as the most aggressive in planning significant job cuts [7]. Group 4: Credit Quality - Despite macroeconomic uncertainties, asset quality remains strong, with low loan loss rates and stable delinquency rates, supported by additional provisions accumulated post-pandemic [8]. - A slight increase in provisioning expenses is expected in FY2026, but they will still be at historically low levels, with some banks likely to release provisions in FY2025 [8]. Group 5: Capital Management - Balance sheets remain robust, but the market does not expect significant capital returns in the upcoming earnings reports, with Westpac's remaining share buyback plan being a focal point [9]. - The common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio is expected to remain above regulatory minimums, with NAB and CBA in relatively strong positions [9]. Group 6: Valuation Pressure - Current forward P/E ratios for Australian bank stocks range from 19 to 22 times, significantly above historical averages, reflecting strong earnings performance and market recognition of the sector's defensive attributes [10]. - However, high valuations imply that any earnings miss could lead to significant downward pressure on stock prices, with many institutional investors favoring banks like ANZ and Westpac for their cost-cutting potential [10]. Group 7: Key Dates and Focus Points - Key earnings dates and focus points for major banks include: - Westpac (WBC) on November 3: sustainability of NIM, UNITE project execution, capital outlook [12] - National Bank (NAB) on November 6: corporate loan margins, SME competition, expense guidance [12] - Macquarie (MQG) on November 7: market revenue trends, asset management profitability structure [12] - ANZ Bank (ANZ) on November 10: impact of restructuring, institutional banking performance [12] - Commonwealth Bank (CBA) on November 11: deposit margin trends, returns from loan portfolios, collective litigation provisions [12] - Bendigo & Adelaide Bank on November 11: housing loan competition, productivity improvement measures, margin management [12]

Summary of China Merchants Bank Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: China Merchants Bank (招商银行) - **Date of Call**: Q3 2025 Key Points Industry and Financial Performance - **Net Interest Margin**: Q3 net interest margin was 1.83%, a decrease of 3 basis points quarter-on-quarter, but the year-on-year decline is narrowing. The bank expects improvement in net interest margin if no further rate cuts occur [2][3][4] - **Loan and Deposit Growth**: Total loans grew by 3.6% and total deposits by 4.6% in the first three quarters. Demand for credit remains weak, particularly in retail loans due to real estate market adjustments and sluggish offline consumption [2][4] - **Wealth Management Growth**: Wealth management income increased by 19% year-on-year, with significant growth in sales of trust products (47%) and funds (39%). Retail AUM reached 16.6 trillion, an 11% increase from the previous year [3][8] Risk Management and Asset Quality - **Mortgage Loan Quality**: As of Q3, mortgage loans accounted for approximately 22%-23% of total loans, with a scale of about 1.4 trillion. The non-performing loan (NPL) ratio is 0.45%, with a focus rate of 1.49% and overdue rate of 0.83% [2][5][6] - **Risk Management Measures**: The bank employs strict customer admission criteria and ongoing monitoring of collateral. Loans overdue by more than 60 days are classified as non-performing, and the bank closely monitors market price trends to adjust risk control strategies [6][7] Investment Strategy - **Bond Investment**: The bank has increased its bond investment, which now constitutes nearly 30% of total assets. The strategy includes maintaining a high proportion of debt investments and a neutral stance on interest rates [3][10] - **Cost Management**: Management expenses totaled 75 billion, with a cost-to-income ratio of 29.85%. The bank is focused on cost reduction through refined management and strategic investments in fintech and AI [11][12] Future Outlook - **Economic Policy and Budgeting**: The bank anticipates a positive economic policy environment in the new five-year plan, which will influence budgeting for the upcoming year [2][4] - **Dividend Policy**: The bank aims to maintain a cash dividend payout ratio above 30%, with a current target of 35%. Future adjustments will depend on overall profitability [14][15] Additional Insights - **Market Trends**: There is a shift in customer wealth management preferences towards equity-related products, driven by market conditions. The bank expects this trend to continue if capital market reforms deepen and market conditions stabilize [8][13] - **Floating Profit Realization**: The bank has seen a decrease in other comprehensive income due to the realization of floating profits, with future realizations dependent on market conditions [9] This summary encapsulates the key insights from the conference call, highlighting the financial performance, risk management strategies, investment approaches, and future outlook of China Merchants Bank.

大额存单是商业银行揽储的重磅产品，也是银行在年底揽储的有力武器。按照以往惯例，此时应是银行 加大布局大额存单的旺季，如今国有大行为何反其道而行，集体下架五年期大额存单？ 苏商银行特约研究员薛洪言表示，国有大型商业银行下架五年期大额存单，是应对净息差持续收窄压力 的理性选择。当前商业银行净息差已处于历史低位并连续下行，下架此类产品有助于银行缩短负债平均 到期时间，提升重定价机动性，从而优化负债结构，更好地适应当前经济对资金"精准滴灌"的政策需 求，推动银行从规模扩张向质量效益型转变。 近日，工商银行、农业银行、建设银行等六家大型商业银行对存款产品进行调整，集体下架五年期大额 存单。目前，多家银行仅剩三年期、二年期、一年期、六个月等短期限大额存单产品供投资者选择。 融360数字科技研究院高级分析师艾亚文提醒，对投资者而言，传统长期高息储蓄模式难以为继，投资 者需降低存款收益预期，通过期限调整和资产多元化平衡风险与收益，可以适当配置一些混合类、权益 类理财产品。 对于商业银行而言，在中长期存款利率下行的背景下，银行应从资产端、负债端全面发力，平衡净息差 水平。薛洪言建议，在资产端，银行应努力提升资产收益率，通过优化 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trend of banks reducing or eliminating long-term deposit options, particularly five-year fixed deposits, due to the pressure of low loan interest rates and the need to maintain profitability in a challenging economic environment [5][29]. Group 1: Bank Practices and Profitability - Banks are increasingly unable to offer competitive long-term deposit rates, with five-year deposits now yielding only 2.5%, lower than the three-year rate of 2.7% [5][10]. - The concept of "net interest margin" is highlighted, where banks earn profit from the difference between loan interest and deposit interest. However, with declining loan rates, banks face squeezed profit margins [7][8]. - The reduction of long-term deposits is described as a necessary response to the financial pressures banks are experiencing, as maintaining high-interest long-term deposits becomes unsustainable [10][29]. Group 2: Changing Consumer Behavior - There is a noticeable shift in consumer behavior, with many individuals preferring to store their money in fixed deposits rather than riskier investments like funds or stocks, driven by a desire for stability in uncertain economic times [10][12]. - The article notes that consumers are increasingly opting for longer-term deposits, which complicates banks' liquidity management, as they must be prepared for potential withdrawals [13][29]. - The article emphasizes that the traditional approach of relying on long-term deposits for passive income is becoming less viable, as interest rates continue to decline [17][29]. Group 3: Policy and Market Trends - The central bank's push for "interest rate marketization" has led to a decrease in deposit interest rates, particularly for long-term deposits, as part of broader efforts to lower financing costs for businesses [15][29]. - The article suggests that low interest rates may become the norm, indicating that consumers should adapt their savings strategies accordingly [29]. - New banking products, such as "flexible term deposits," are being introduced to provide consumers with more options while allowing banks to manage costs effectively [28][29].

Core Viewpoint - Blue Ocean Bank has marked all its deposit products as "sold out" during the year-end deposit gathering season, which is an unusual move that has attracted market attention [1][8]. Summary by Sections Deposit Products Status - All deposit products, including various term deposits such as 7-day notice deposits and 3-month, 6-month fixed deposits, are currently showing a "sold out" status on Blue Ocean Bank's mobile banking app [1][3]. - The bank's signature deposit product, "Blue Baby," which offers terms ranging from 3 months to 5 years, is also marked as "sold out" [3]. Interest Rates and Adjustments - The interest rates for the "Blue Baby" products are as follows: 1.35% for 3-month, 1.45% for 6-month, 1.65% for 1-year, 1.85% for 2-year, and 2.00% for 3-year deposits [4]. - Blue Ocean Bank has frequently lowered its deposit rates, with eight rate cuts in the first half of the year alone. For instance, on November 1, the bank announced a rate adjustment for several products, reducing rates to 1.25% [6]. Financial Performance - Blue Ocean Bank is facing a dual challenge of declining revenue and net profit, with reported figures showing a revenue of 1.452 billion yuan, down 39.42% year-on-year, and a net profit of 415 million yuan, down 47.86% [8]. - The bank's net interest margin has decreased to 2.35%, a drop of 1.99 percentage points compared to the previous year [8]. Industry Trends - The move by Blue Ocean Bank is not isolated; several other small and private banks are also withdrawing medium- to long-term deposit products, indicating a broader trend in the banking sector [9][10]. - Analysts suggest that the withdrawal of these products is a response to the pressure on net interest margins and the need to control high-cost liabilities in a challenging economic environment [10].