Core Insights - The report suggests that spot electricity prices may have bottomed out, leading to potential improvements in valuation and performance for the sector [1] - The analysis indicates that the electricity market is undergoing significant changes, particularly in the context of coal-fired power generation and renewable energy integration [3] Group 1: Coal Power - In northern regions, the proportion of renewable energy is higher, making coal power more scarce during peak times, which could lead to price increases [3] - The report anticipates that after three years of decline, the spot electricity price in Gansu will rise for the first time in 2025, surpassing long-term contracts [3] - In Q1 2025, coal power generation in China decreased by 4.7% year-on-year, with major state-owned enterprises experiencing significant drops in electricity output [21][22] Group 2: Hydropower - The report highlights that large hydropower resources are becoming increasingly scarce as most potential sites have been developed, particularly outside Tibet [35] - It is projected that hydropower prices will see a moderate increase during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, driven by further marketization [42] - Major hydropower companies are expected to show stable profit growth, with significant revenue from electricity sales [45] Group 3: Renewable Energy - The report notes that by 2024, the installed capacity of renewable energy in China reached 1.41 billion kilowatts, accounting for 42% of total installed capacity, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 27.4% from 2020 to 2024 [10][57] - The analysis indicates that the new energy policy aims to stabilize electricity prices and control the growth rate of installed capacity, suggesting a potential slowdown in future capacity additions [3] - The report also points out that the profitability of renewable energy is under pressure due to market dynamics, with significant declines in electricity prices observed in Guangdong [61][62]

证券研究报告：电力|点评报告 发布时间：2025-06-04 行业投资评级 强于大市 |维持 行业基本情况 | 收盘点位 | | 3180.98 | | --- | --- | --- | | 52 | 周最高 | 3359.79 | | 52 | 周最低 | 2868.51 | 行业相对指数表现（相对值） 2024-05 2024-08 2024-10 2024-12 2025-03 2025-05 -13% -10% -7% -4% -1% 2% 5% 8% 11% 14% 17% 电力 沪深300 资料来源：聚源，中邮证券研究所 研究所 分析师:杨帅波 SAC 登记编号:S1340524070002 Email:yangshuaibo@cnpsec.com 南方区域电力市场运行规则进一步完善，看好虚拟 电厂对绿电运营商的赋能 l 投资要点 事件：2025 年 5 月 23 日，国家能源局南方监管局发布《南方区 域电力市场运行规则（试行，2025 年 V1.0 版征求意见稿）》。 l 区域电力市场规则进一步完善 1.1 电能量交易_中长期(1)提升交易便捷度：缩短交易周期，提 高交易频次，实现周、多日、逐 ...

Summary of Langxin Group Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Langxin Group - **Industry**: Energy Internet and New Energy Key Points and Arguments Energy Internet Platform - The Energy Internet platform has been operational for 12 years, connecting numerous new energy assets such as charging piles and photovoltaics, enhancing asset utilization efficiency and value returns for clients, with an expected annual transaction volume exceeding 100 billion kWh within three years [2][4][5] - The platform has connected over 500 million end users, including 15 million commercial users, who will have future needs to participate in electricity market transactions [2][6] Charging Business Development - The aggregation charging business has nearly 22 million users, collaborating with over 3,000 operators and more than 30 leading automotive companies, covering over 390 cities [2][7] - By 2027, the expected number of new energy vehicles in China will exceed 80 million, with annual public charging market demand reaching 110 billion kWh, targeting a market share of over 25% [2][7][8] Future Growth Strategy - Post-2025, the company will focus on the main track of electric energy, entering a new growth cycle with stable growth in existing digital grid and life payment businesses, and rapid scaling of the charging aggregation platform [3][4] - The company aims to achieve profitability in the charging ecosystem by 2026, with projected charging volumes of 7 billion kWh in 2025, 11 billion kWh in 2026, and a market share exceeding 25% by the end of 2027 [9][10] Market Dynamics and Trading - Langxin has advantages in electricity market trading through scenarios, data, and technology, with a self-developed energy model driven by AI to maximize the value of data and technology [4][10] - The company plans to achieve over 130 billion kWh in transaction volume over the next three years, with specific targets of 6 billion kWh in 2025, 31 billion kWh in 2026, and 110 billion kWh in 2027 [4][13] RWA Model and Financial Innovation - The RWA (Real World Asset) model, in collaboration with Ant Group, provides value-added opportunities through financial innovation, connecting over 500 million end users, with 80% being electricity meter users [6][14] - The choice of the new energy sector for RWA tokenization is due to its large scale and alignment with national energy development strategies, providing a solid foundation for RWA tokens [15][16] Distributed Photovoltaics - Distributed photovoltaics have seen rapid growth, with a connection volume of 25 GW by the end of 2024, expected to reach 50 GW in 2025, providing essential resources for effective electricity trading [12] Challenges and Regulatory Environment - The company faces challenges in policy and regulatory aspects during the RWA issuance process, requiring collaboration with various regulatory bodies [22][24] - The introduction of the Hong Kong stablecoin regulation is expected to stimulate market activity and provide a framework for future transactions [25] Future Directions - The Energy Internet platform is expected to continue growing, reflecting the value of the electricity market and driving further innovation and optimization [27] - The company aims to leverage its extensive experience in asset management, electricity trading, and innovative financial services to create more value for investors [32] Additional Important Insights - The electricity market is projected to reach a scale of 61 billion kWh in 2025, with a focus on converting small and micro-enterprises into electricity trading agents [29][31] - The company has accumulated over 20 years of experience in the energy sector, positioning itself to capitalize on opportunities arising from the national push for electricity marketization [32]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the electricity market in China, particularly focusing on the implementation of the New Energy 136 Document and the acceleration of the spot market, which signifies a shift towards market-oriented electricity pricing [1][1]. Key Points and Arguments - The New Energy 136 Document, effective from June 1, marks a significant step in the marketization of the electricity sector, particularly for new energy sources, which now account for the second-largest share of electricity generation [1][1]. - Over ten provinces have begun long-cycle trial operations of the electricity spot market this year, enhancing the supply-demand relationship in electricity pricing [1][1]. - The introduction of the spot market has led to increased price volatility, with some pilot provinces like Shandong and Shanxi experiencing intraday price fluctuations exceeding 50% [2][2]. - As renewable energy capacity continues to grow, it is expected that more trading cycles will be dominated by renewable sources, which will lower overall price levels. However, traditional thermal power will still play a crucial role during periods of insufficient renewable output, maintaining higher prices during those times [3][3]. - The volatility in price curves is leading to a compression of trading cycles, pushing for weekly, multi-day, and even daily trading to become mainstream [4][4]. - The comprehensive electricity price for thermal power has risen during periods of declining coal prices, indicating a shift towards a model where thermal power is not just about generation but also about price regulation [4][4]. Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on national comprehensive power companies and northern thermal power companies with performance elasticity, such as: - Jintou Energy - Datang Power (H) - Huaneng International (H+A) - Huadian International (H+A) - Continued recommendations for Waneng Power, Sheneng Co., Huaneng Hydropower, and Guodian Power [4][4]. - For green energy, companies like Xintian Green Energy, Datang New Energy, and Longyuan Power (H) are highlighted. - In the hydropower sector, recommended companies include Yangtze Power, Chuan Investment Energy, Guotou Power, and Huaneng Hydropower [4][4]. Risks - The report outlines several risks associated with the marketization of electricity trading, including: - Price volatility risks due to market fluctuations - Risks from variations in wind and water resources - Significant increases in thermal coal prices - Delays in resource approval for new energy projects - Risks from macroeconomic downturns affecting electricity demand [4][4].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" (maintained) [5] Core Views - The company is expected to achieve stable performance in 2024, with a reported revenue of 29.619 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 1.64%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 3.944 billion yuan, up 14.04% year-on-year. However, the first quarter of 2025 saw a decline in revenue to 7.337 billion yuan, down 9.09% year-on-year, and a net profit of 1.011 billion yuan, down 12.82% year-on-year [8] - The company benefits from a tight power supply-demand balance in East China, with coal-fired power generation increasing by 3.5% in 2024, reaching 416.05 billion kWh. The utilization hours for coal-fired power reached 4,953 hours, an increase of 150 hours year-on-year [8] - The company’s long-term performance is stable and predictable, with significant advantages in large-scale, low coal consumption coal-fired units located in Shanghai, which enjoys resilient electricity prices and tight supply-demand dynamics [8] Financial Forecast and Valuation - Revenue projections for the company are as follows: 29.164 billion yuan in 2025, 30.222 billion yuan in 2026, and 30.577 billion yuan in 2027, with corresponding year-on-year growth rates of -1.54%, 3.63%, and 1.18% respectively [7] - The net profit attributable to shareholders is forecasted to be 4.066 billion yuan in 2025, 4.250 billion yuan in 2026, and 4.355 billion yuan in 2027, with growth rates of 3.10%, 4.52%, and 2.47% respectively [7] - The company is expected to maintain a stable dividend policy, with a proposed dividend of 4.5 yuan per 10 shares for 2024, resulting in a payout ratio of 56.27% [8]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for key stocks in the power sector, including Huadian International, Huaneng International, Datang Power, and Jianou Energy, as well as leading fire power renovation equipment manufacturers like Qingda Environmental Protection [3][8]. Core Viewpoints - The Guangdong government has issued Document No. 136, focusing on incremental projects with a clear mechanism for a 90% electricity volume cap and long execution periods [3][12]. - Compared to Shandong's conservative approach to existing projects, Guangdong's plan emphasizes detailed competition for incremental projects, which is expected to enhance market-driven price formation [12][13]. - The report suggests paying attention to green power operators with a higher proportion of existing projects and short-term revenue certainty, as well as those with long-term cost reduction and efficiency advantages [3][12]. Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The report highlights the recent performance of the power sector, with the Shanghai Composite Index closing at 3367.46 points, up 0.76%, and the CSI 300 Index at 3889.09 points, up 1.12% [58]. - The CITIC Power and Utilities Index closed at 2912.72 points, up 0.29%, underperforming the CSI 300 Index by 0.82 percentage points [58]. Key Developments - The Guangdong Provincial Power Trading Center has released draft rules for the sustainable development price settlement mechanism for new energy incremental projects, emphasizing competitive bidding [3][12]. - The report notes a decline in coal prices to 629 RMB/ton, which may impact fire power profitability [15]. - Water inflow at the Three Gorges Dam has decreased by 26.09% year-on-year, while outflow has dropped by 25.14% [31]. Market Trends - The report indicates a drop in silicon material prices to 37 RMB/KG and a decrease in mainstream silicon wafer prices to 1.12 RMB/PC, suggesting potential improvements in photovoltaic project returns [41]. - The national carbon market saw a price increase of 0.80% this week, with a total trading volume of 3.67 million tons and a total transaction value of 266 million RMB [53]. Recommended Stocks - The report recommends focusing on undervalued green power stocks, particularly those listed in Hong Kong, as well as wind power operators like Xintian Green Energy and Longyuan Power [3][8].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Maintain Buy" [4] Core Viewpoints - The Shandong 136 document details a balanced approach to the entry of new energy into the market, providing stability for existing projects while enhancing competition for new projects [3][12][13] - For existing projects, the mechanism price is set at a cap of 0.3949 CNY/kWh (including tax), which aligns with the coal benchmark price in Shandong [13] - For new projects, a bidding capacity requirement of 125% is established, which increases competitive pressure and accelerates the exit of high-cost projects, pushing for efficiency and cost reduction in new energy projects [3][12][13] - The report recommends focusing on green power operators with a higher proportion of existing projects and better short-term revenue certainty, as well as high-quality flexible power sources like thermal and hydropower [3][12][13] Summary by Sections Industry Trends - The Shandong 136 document was released on May 7, detailing the market-oriented reform implementation plan for new energy pricing [13] - The coal price has dropped to 643 CNY/ton [14] - The inflow and outflow of the Three Gorges reservoir have decreased by 17.39% and 47.66% year-on-year, respectively [36] - Silicon material prices have decreased to 39 CNY/kg, and mainstream silicon wafer prices have dropped to 1.18 CNY/unit [50] - The national carbon market trading price has decreased by 2.24% this week [60] Market Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3342.00 points, up 1.92%, while the CSI 300 Index closed at 3846.16 points, up 2.00% [65] - The CITIC Power and Utilities Index closed at 2904.26 points, up 2.04%, outperforming the CSI 300 Index by 0.04 percentage points [65] Key Stocks - Recommended stocks include: - Zhejiang Energy Power (600023.SH) - Buy - Anhui Energy Power (000543.SZ) - Buy - Guodian Power (600795.SH) - Buy - Huaneng International (600011.SH) - Buy - New Energy (688501.SH) - Buy - New Tian Green Energy (600956.SH) - Buy [8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the potential rapid development of new energy companies like GCL-Poly Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (协鑫能科) due to the gradual advancement of electricity marketization and the re-evaluation of green electricity value driven by new policies [1] - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration have issued guidelines to achieve nationwide electricity spot market coverage by the end of 2025, which will support the marketization of green electricity [1] - The comprehensive revenue of green electricity is expected to stabilize as the positive externalities of its "green" nature and the negative externalities of its volatility are reflected through market mechanisms [1] Group 2 - As of March 31, 2025, GCL-Poly's total installed capacity reached 5,978.01 MW, with renewable energy accounting for 58.23% of the total generation capacity [2] - The company is actively advancing in trading services, with a virtual power plant load of approximately 550 MW in Jiangsu Province, representing about 30% of the province's actual adjustable load [2] - GCL-Poly participated in market transactions totaling 59.74 billion kWh in electricity, including 1.33 million kWh in green electricity transactions [2] Group 3 - Looking ahead, GCL-Poly aims to become a leading green energy service provider in China by optimizing its asset structure and expanding its operational management scale [3] - The company plans to enhance customer loyalty by focusing on high-quality commercial clients in economically developed regions and developing energy service businesses [3] - With strong business foundations and clear strategic planning, GCL-Poly is making significant strides towards becoming a green energy service provider, supported by national electricity market construction policies [3]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the electricity spot market is a significant step towards the market-oriented construction of the domestic electricity market, with a goal to achieve full coverage by the end of 2025 [1][2] Group 1: Current Status and Development Goals - The electricity spot market is a key component of the electricity market system, reflecting true price signals and optimizing resource allocation [1] - As of now, five provinces in China have officially launched their spot markets, accumulating experience in market operation management [1] - The recent notification outlines clear construction goals and timelines for various regions, indicating an acceleration in the development of the electricity spot market [2] Group 2: Investment and Market Dynamics - The development of the electricity spot market is expected to enhance the investment and renovation efforts for flexible power sources, contributing to the construction of a new power system [3] - The expansion and improvement of the electricity spot market will facilitate market-based pricing for auxiliary services, encouraging investment in pumped storage and energy storage resources [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the transition of China's electricity market from a "single energy market" to a diversified market that includes "energy + capacity + ancillary services," driven by recent policy developments and market reforms [1][5]. Policy Developments - On April 29, 2025, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the National Energy Administration (NEA) jointly released the "Basic Rules for the Electricity Ancillary Services Market," aiming to enhance the operational mechanisms of the ancillary services market and clarify the construction timeline for the electricity spot market [2][4]. - The NDRC and NEA outlined a roadmap for establishing a unified national electricity market system by early 2025, with a goal of basic completion by 2030 [3]. Market Structure and Transition - The electricity market is evolving towards a model that integrates energy, capacity, and ancillary services, with significant progress in the mid-to-long-term market and ongoing development of the electricity spot market [5][6]. - The ancillary services market is being refined to support the stable operation of the electricity spot market, with rules being established to facilitate their integration [4][6]. Investment Opportunities - The ongoing market reforms are expected to benefit various new entities, such as innovative energy storage solutions and virtual power plants, as well as sectors like electricity IT and inter-provincial transmission infrastructure [1][8]. - The potential revenue sources for energy storage projects are expanding, with expected increases in income from energy markets, ancillary services, and capacity markets as reforms progress [7]. Market Construction Timeline - The construction of the electricity spot market is accelerating, with plans for continuous operation in five regions by 2024, including Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Gansu, Shanxi, and Guangdong [7][9]. - The timeline for the transition to formal operation of the electricity spot market in various provinces has been outlined, with specific deadlines set for regions like Hubei and Zhejiang [3][9]. Conclusion - The article highlights the significant changes in China's electricity market structure and the implications for various stakeholders, indicating a clear trend towards a more integrated and market-driven approach to electricity trading and services [1][5][8].