公司报告 | 季报点评 建设银行（601939） 证券研究报告 资负规模积极扩张，质量稳健 事件： 建设银行发布 2025 年一季度财报。公司实现营收约 1901 亿元， YoY-5.40%；归母净利润 834 亿元，YoY-3.99%；不良率 1.33%，拨 备覆盖率 237%。 点评： 2025 年一季度，建设银行营收 1901 亿元（YoY-5.40%），其中净利息 收入 1419 亿元（YoY-5.21%），占营收比重 74.7%；非息收入 481 亿 元，同比下降 5.96%。拨备前利润、归母净利润分别同比-5.81%、-3.99%。 非息收入方面。2025 年一季度，公司手续费及佣金收入 375 亿元，同比 -4.63%，较 2024 年末改善 4.72pct。另外，投资净收益依旧亮眼，一季 度营收 43 亿元，同比增长 145.83%。 2025 年一季度，建设银行净息差录得 1.41%，环比下行 10bp，同比 -16bp。结合 2024 年底公司生息资产收益率和计息负债成本率来看，因 2024 年 LPR 多次调整，新年存量贷款重定价可能是公司 2025 第一季度 净息差下行的主要原因。另外 ...

Core Viewpoint - The performance of listed banks in the first quarter of 2025 shows significant divergence, with many large and medium-sized banks experiencing declines in both revenue and net profit, while some smaller banks report stable growth [2][5][6]. Group 1: Performance Trends - A total of 42 listed banks have reported their Q1 2025 results, with 16 banks showing negative revenue growth and 12 banks experiencing a decline in net profit. Among these, 10 banks reported declines in both metrics [5]. - Notably, large state-owned banks and joint-stock banks have seen a slowdown in profitability indicators, with three major state-owned banks among those with declining revenue and net profit [5][6]. - In contrast, some city and rural commercial banks have achieved significant growth in net profit, with banks like Hangzhou Bank and Qilu Bank reporting increases of 17.30% and 16.47%, respectively [6]. Group 2: Income Composition and Variability - The divergence in performance is primarily attributed to differences in net interest income and significant fluctuations in non-interest income. Over 60% of listed banks reported negative year-on-year growth in net interest income [8]. - Among state-owned banks, five reported declines in net interest income ranging from 2.74% to 5.21%, while some smaller banks like Chongqing Bank and Jiangsu Bank saw increases of 28.08% and 21.94%, respectively [9]. - Non-interest income also showed a stark contrast, with 21 banks reporting negative growth in fee and commission income, while some smaller banks experienced increases ranging from 135.53% to 495.23% [9]. Group 3: Net Interest Margin Trends - The overall net interest margin (NIM) for commercial banks continues to face pressure, with only Minsheng Bank reporting a year-on-year increase of 3 basis points to 1.41% [10]. - The largest declines in NIM were observed in Zhangjiagang Bank, which saw a drop of 32 basis points to 1.43%. State-owned banks like Postal Savings Bank and Construction Bank also reported declines [10]. - Many banks indicated that the NIM will continue to be influenced by factors such as LPR adjustments and the repricing of existing loans, although the rate of decline is expected to slow compared to 2024 [10][11]. Group 4: Loan Growth and Deposit Stability - Listed banks have increased loan disbursements while maintaining stable deposit growth. For instance, city commercial banks like Ningbo Bank reported a deposit growth of 18.95% compared to the beginning of the year [12]. - Several banks have improved their deposit costs, with Shanghai Bank reporting a decrease in interest rates for both corporate and personal deposits [12]. - Banks are focusing on enhancing control over liabilities and optimizing asset structures, with an emphasis on increasing low-cost deposits and reducing high-cost liabilities [12][13]. Group 5: Focus on Key Sectors - Banks are intensifying their loan support in key sectors such as technology, green finance, and inclusive finance, with significant growth in these areas. For example, green loans and technology loans at Postal Savings Bank increased by 6.01% and 9.90%, respectively [13]. - The strategy of "volume compensating for price" is being employed to mitigate the impact of declining NIM, with banks like Industrial Bank emphasizing support for green and technology sectors [13].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for Chengdu Bank is "Accumulate" (maintained rating) with a target price not specified [7] Core Views - Chengdu Bank reported a revenue of approximately 5.8 billion yuan for Q1 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 3.17%. The net profit attributable to shareholders was 3 billion yuan, up 5.64% year-on-year. The non-performing loan ratio stood at 0.66%, with a provision coverage ratio of 456% [1][2] - The bank's net interest income for Q1 2025 was 4.8 billion yuan, accounting for 82.6% of total revenue, with a year-on-year growth of 3.75%. Non-interest income reached 1 billion yuan, showing a significant increase of 17.43% [2] - The net interest margin recorded for Q1 2025 was 1.62%, down 4 basis points quarter-on-quarter, primarily due to adjustments in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) affecting the re-pricing of existing loans [3] - Chengdu Bank's total interest-earning assets amounted to 1.32 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 13.3%, with loans and financial investments being the main growth drivers [3][4] - The bank's total interest-bearing liabilities reached 1.24 trillion yuan, up 12.5% year-on-year, with deposits growing by 15.4% [4] - The non-performing loan balance was 530 million yuan, with the non-performing loan ratio remaining stable compared to 2024 [4] Financial Data Summary - Chengdu Bank's projected net profit growth for 2025-2027 is estimated at 9.18%, 8.84%, and 6.48% respectively, with corresponding book values per share (BPS) of 23.20, 27.66, and 32.29 yuan [5] - The financial forecast indicates that operating revenue is expected to grow from 217 billion yuan in 2023 to 275 billion yuan in 2027, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 5.30% [6][12] - The bank's core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio for Q1 2025 was recorded at 8.84%, reflecting a decrease of 22 basis points [4]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for Postal Savings Bank is "Buy" with a target price not specified [6] Core Views - The bank's non-interest income has shown significant improvement, contributing to revenue growth despite a slight decline in net interest income [1][2] - The bank's total interest-earning assets reached 17.45 trillion yuan, growing by 8.1% year-on-year, driven by credit and financial investments [2] - The bank's non-performing loan ratio stands at 0.91%, with a provision coverage ratio of 266% [2][3] Financial Performance Summary - For Q1 2025, Postal Savings Bank reported revenue of 89.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 0.07%, and a net profit of 25.4 billion yuan, down 2.62% year-on-year [1] - Non-interest income reached 20.5 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 14.83%, primarily driven by a recovery in fee and commission income [1] - The bank's net interest margin recorded at 1.70%, down 15 basis points quarter-on-quarter and 20 basis points year-on-year [2] Asset and Liability Management - The bank's interest-bearing liabilities amounted to 16.70 trillion yuan, reflecting an 8.6% year-on-year increase, with deposits growing by 9.2% [2] - The core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio is reported at 9.21%, down 35 basis points from the previous quarter [3] Profit Forecast and Valuation - The forecasted growth rates for net profit from 2025 to 2027 are 1.23%, 3.98%, and 4.42% respectively, with corresponding book values per share of 8.82, 9.25, and 9.64 yuan [4]

Core Viewpoint - Postal Savings Bank of China (PSBC) reported a slight decline in revenue and net profit for Q1 2025, but non-interest income showed significant growth, leading to a positive outlook for the bank's performance [2][3]. Financial Performance - In Q1 2025, PSBC achieved revenue of 89.4 billion yuan, a year-over-year decrease of 0.07%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 25.4 billion yuan, down 2.62% year-over-year [2][3]. - The non-performing loan ratio stood at 0.91%, with a provision coverage ratio of 266% [2][3]. Non-Interest Income - Non-interest income was a key driver for revenue improvement, totaling 20.5 billion yuan, which represents a year-over-year increase of 14.83% [3]. - Fee and commission income rebounded to 10.3 billion yuan, up 8.76% year-over-year, ending a negative growth trend since the end of 2023 [3]. - Other non-interest income also performed well, growing by 21.70% year-over-year, primarily driven by investment net income of 10.9 billion yuan, which surged by 104.58% [3]. Asset and Liability Management - As of Q1 2025, PSBC's interest-earning assets totaled 17.45 trillion yuan, reflecting an 8.1% year-over-year increase, with loans and financial investments growing by 10.1% and 9.5%, respectively [4]. - The bank's interest-bearing liabilities reached 16.70 trillion yuan, up 8.6% year-over-year, with deposits increasing by 9.2% and bond issuance rising by 15.6% [4]. Capital Adequacy and Asset Quality - The core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio was reported at 9.21%, down 35 basis points from the previous quarter, likely due to increased loan disbursements [4]. - The non-performing loan ratio increased slightly by 1 basis point compared to the end of 2024, while the provision coverage ratio decreased by 20 percentage points [4]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The company forecasts a net profit growth of 1.23%, 3.98%, and 4.42% for the years 2025 to 2027, with corresponding book value per share (BPS) estimates of 8.82, 9.25, and 9.64 yuan [5].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Accumulate" [7] Core Views - The company's revenue and net profit have declined further, with Q1 2025 showing a year-on-year decrease of 3.6% in revenue and 2.2% in net profit, reflecting a drop of 4.2 percentage points and 2.3 percentage points compared to 2024 [2] - The net interest margin (NIM) for Q1 2025 is 1.80%, a slight decrease of 2 basis points from 2024, indicating pricing pressure on mortgages [3] - Non-interest income has shown improvement, with net fee and commission income increasing by 8.5% year-on-year, contrasting with a decline of 13.2% in 2024 [3] - Asset quality remains relatively stable, with a non-performing loan (NPL) ratio of 1.08% as of Q1 2025, a slight increase from the previous quarter [4] - The company is expected to maintain a diversified business model with strengths in green banking, wealth management, and investment banking, leading to a projected net profit growth of -0.42%, 2.60%, and 3.33% from 2025 to 2027 [5] Summary by Sections Financial Performance - In Q1 2025, the company achieved revenue of 557 billion yuan and a net profit of 238 billion yuan, with a year-on-year decline of 3.58% and 2.22% respectively [1] - The total assets grew by 3.6% year-on-year, with loans and financial investments increasing by 4.8% and 11.7% respectively [2] Interest Margin and Income - The net interest income increased by 1.3% year-on-year in Q1 2025, showing a slight improvement from the previous year's growth rate [2] - The NIM for Q1 2025 is 1.80%, with a decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets by 26 basis points to 3.18% compared to 2024 [3] Non-Interest Income - The net fee and commission income improved significantly, growing by 8.5% year-on-year, while other non-interest income saw a decline of 21.5% due to market fluctuations [3] Asset Quality - The NPL ratio increased slightly to 1.08% in Q1 2025, while the coverage ratio decreased to 233.42%, still above the average for joint-stock banks [4] Profit Forecast and Valuation - The company is projected to have a net profit of 769 billion yuan in 2025, with a slight decline expected, followed by growth in subsequent years [5]

资产端： 2025 年一季度建设银行生息资产总计 41.93 万亿元，同比增长 7.8%。其中，信贷投放和金融投资依旧是企业规模增长的主要动能，2025 一季度分别同比增长 8.0%、14.4%，环比增长 4.5%、5.8%；另外同业 资产环比高增 17.4%。生息资产结构上，贷款、金融投资、同业及拆放、 存放央行分别较 2024 年末变动-0.58、+0.08、+0.41、+0.09pct。 公司报告 | 季报点评 建设银行（601939） 证券研究报告 资负规模积极扩张，质量稳健 事件： 建设银行发布 2025 年一季度财报。公司实现营收约 1901 亿元， YoY-5.40%；归母净利润 834 亿元，YoY-3.99%；不良率 1.33%，拨 备覆盖率 237%。 点评： 2025 年一季度，建设银行营收 1901 亿元（YoY-5.40%），其中净利息 收入 1419 亿元（YoY-5.21%），占营收比重 74.7%；非息收入 481 亿 元，同比下降 5.96%。拨备前利润、归母净利润分别同比-5.81%、-3.99%。 非息收入方面。2025 年一季度，公司手续费及佣金收入 375 亿元，同比 ...

Core Viewpoint - China Bank reported a slight year-on-year increase in revenue for Q1 2025, driven primarily by non-interest income, despite a decline in net interest income and net profit [1][2][3]. Revenue and Profitability - In Q1 2025, China Bank achieved revenue of 164.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.56% [1][2]. - Net interest income was 107.7 billion yuan, down 4.42% year-on-year, accounting for 65.32% of total revenue [2]. - Non-interest income reached 57.2 billion yuan, showing a significant year-on-year growth of 18.91%, becoming the main driver for revenue improvement [2][3]. - The bank's net profit attributable to shareholders was 54.4 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 2.90% [1][2]. Asset and Liability Management - As of Q1 2025, the total interest-earning assets amounted to 34.92 trillion yuan, representing a year-on-year growth of 7.2% [3]. - The loan and financial investment segments were key growth drivers, with year-on-year increases of 8.3% and 20.0%, respectively [3]. - The total interest-bearing liabilities stood at 31.59 trillion yuan, up 6.8% year-on-year, with deposits growing by 6.2% [4]. Asset Quality - The non-performing loan (NPL) ratio remained stable at 1.25%, unchanged from 2024 [5]. - The provision coverage ratio was 198%, a decrease of 2.63 percentage points compared to the end of 2024 [6]. Shareholder Structure - Changes in the top ten shareholders included a slight increase in the stake of the second-largest shareholder, Hong Kong Central Clearing Limited, and minor decreases for others [6]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The bank is expected to see marginal improvements in revenue and profit for 2024, with projected year-on-year growth in net profit attributable to shareholders of 0.03%, 2.37%, and 3.41% for 2025-2027 [7].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Accumulate" with a 6-month outlook [7] Core Views - The company's revenue improved due to non-interest income, with Q1 2025 revenue reaching 164.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.56%. Net interest income was 107.7 billion yuan, down 4.42% year-on-year, while non-interest income grew by 18.91% to 57.2 billion yuan, becoming the main driver of revenue growth [2][3] - The bank's asset quality remains stable, with a non-performing loan ratio of 1.25% and a provision coverage ratio of 198% [3] - The bank's net interest margin recorded 1.29%, down 11 basis points quarter-on-quarter and 15 basis points year-on-year, primarily due to adjustments in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) [3] Financial Performance Summary - In Q1 2025, the bank's total interest-earning assets amounted to 34.92 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.2%. Loan and financial investment growth was 8.3% and 20.0%, respectively [3] - The bank's interest-bearing liabilities reached 31.59 trillion yuan, up 6.8% year-on-year, with deposits growing by 6.2% [3] - The bank's forecasted net profit for 2025 is expected to be 245.8 billion yuan, with a slight growth of 0.03% year-on-year, and projected growth rates for 2026 and 2027 are 2.37% and 3.41%, respectively [5][12]