Core Insights - The article discusses the critical challenges faced by photomasks in the development of lithography technology, particularly as the industry transitions to EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet) and beyond, highlighting the high costs associated with photomask manufacturing and maintenance [1][2][3]. Group 1: EUV and Non-EUV Challenges - The primary challenge for EUV is the high cost of manufacturing, maintaining, and replacing masks, which significantly impacts the overall production costs [1][3]. - Non-EUV applications are also facing similar challenges, as companies aim to stay competitive while managing costs associated with advanced photomask technologies [2][3]. - The lifespan of EUV photomasks is notably shorter compared to DUV (Deep Ultraviolet) masks, leading to increased cleaning frequency and the need for backup masks, which further escalates costs [3][4]. Group 2: Multi-Exposure Techniques - Multi-exposure techniques are deemed necessary for the future of EUV lithography, as they will enhance resolution and pattern fidelity [6][7]. - Companies are actively researching multi-exposure methods to extend the lifespan of EUV technology, with Intel planning to use high-NA EUV for its 14A node due to single-exposure limitations [7][8]. - The industry is exploring various techniques to optimize multi-exposure applications, although challenges remain in terms of cost and complexity [8][9]. Group 3: Photomask Materials and Process Control - The evolution of photomask materials is crucial for supporting finer nodes, with advancements in binary reflective masks and low-refractive-index reflective masks improving image contrast [10][11]. - The introduction of metal oxide resists is highlighted as a significant advancement, offering higher contrast and better etch resistance compared to traditional resists [11][12]. - Customization of mask blank properties presents opportunities for enhancing wafer process margins, although the market for new resist materials remains niche and underdeveloped [11][12]. Group 4: EUV Membrane Challenges - EUV membranes face challenges related to transmission rates and durability, with current membranes requiring frequent replacements that increase costs and downtime [14][15]. - The complexity of EUV membranes compared to 193i membranes complicates the cleaning and replacement processes, impacting throughput and efficiency [15][16]. - Ongoing research into alternative membrane materials, such as carbon nanotube-based versions, shows promise but faces reliability and performance challenges [15][16].

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Total net sales for Q2 2024 were €6.2 billion, slightly above guidance [7] - Net system sales reached €4.8 billion, comprising €1.5 billion from EUV sales and €3.3 billion from non-EUV sales [7] - Gross margin for the quarter was 51.5%, exceeding guidance due to higher-than-expected Immersion Systems [8] - Net income for Q2 was €1.6 billion, representing 25.3% of total net sales, resulting in an EPS of €4.01 [8] - Free cash flow improved to €386 million, although pressure remains due to customer support and higher inventory levels [9] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Installed base management sales for Q2 were €1.48 billion, slightly above guidance [8] - Net system bookings totaled €5.6 billion, with €2.5 billion from EUV and €3.1 billion from non-EUV bookings [11] - Logic accounted for 73% of net system bookings, while Memory made up the remaining 27% [11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The backlog at the end of Q2 2024 was approximately €39 billion [11] - The semiconductor industry is showing signs of recovery, with improved lithography tool utilization levels [13] - Demand in the memory segment is primarily driven by DRAM technology, with expected revenue growth compared to 2023 [14] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company expects EUV revenue growth in 2024, with plans to recognize revenue from a similar number of EUV systems as in 2023 [15] - The company views 2024 as a transition year, focusing on capacity ramp and technology investments for future demand [17] - Long-term growth opportunities are supported by secular growth drivers in semiconductor end markets, including energy transition and AI [18][20] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Despite macro uncertainties, the semiconductor industry is trending towards healthier levels [13] - The company anticipates a stronger second half of 2024 compared to the first half, with significant capacity additions expected in 2025 [14][20] - Management remains confident in long-term growth opportunities, despite near-term uncertainties [20] Other Important Information - The company paid a final dividend of €1.75 per ordinary share in Q2 2024, totaling €6.10 per share for 2023 [12] - The company purchased 106,000 shares for a total of €96 million in Q2 2024 [12] Q&A Session Summary Question: Bookings composition and outlook for EUV orders - The majority of bookings (73%) were related to Logic, indicating strong demand from foundry customers, including 2 nanometer orders [24] - No high NA bookings were included in the current quarter [24] Question: Implications of potential trade restrictions on China - The company refrains from commenting on rumors but emphasizes the significant opportunity in the mature semiconductor market [30][31] Question: Expectations for 2 nanometer orders and AI's impact - The company expects a gradual buildup of orders for 2 nanometer technology, with AI driving much of the industry's recovery [36][39] Question: DRAM adoption of EUV layers and future layer count - The company anticipates an increase in EUV layers across nodes, with a consistent trend expected in the foreseeable future [45] Question: Capacity preparation and investments - The company is increasing capacity across the board, including high NA tools, to meet future demand [60] Question: Revenue expectations for the second half of the year - The company expects a progressive buildup of revenue, with around €1 billion in deferred revenue recognized in the second half [79] Question: Customer conversations and emerging shipment outlook - No significant changes in customer conversations were noted, with continued strong demand for immersion tools [88]

ASML (ASML) Q1 2024 Earnings Call April 17, 2024 09:00 AM ET Speaker0Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the ASML 2024 First Quarter Financial Results Conference Call on April 17, 2024. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' introduction, there will be a question and answer To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star 1 and 1 on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised.Please be advised tha ...