Core Points - The European Central Bank (ECB) decided to maintain the deposit facility rate at 2%, the main refinancing rate at 2.15%, and the marginal lending rate at 2.40%, aligning with market expectations [1][2] - Following the decision, traders maintained their bets on ECB rates, anticipating a further rate cut of 22 basis points by 2025 [1] - The ECB is committed to ensuring inflation stabilizes at the medium-term target of 2%, with monetary policy decisions to be made based on data assessments [1] Interest Rate Policy - The deposit facility rate, main refinancing rate, and marginal lending rate remain unchanged at 2.00%, 2.15%, and 2.40% respectively [2] Asset Purchase Programs - The Asset Purchase Program (APP) and Pandemic Emergency Purchase Program (PEPP) portfolios are being reduced at a steady and predictable pace, with no reinvestment of principal from maturing securities [3] - The ECB is prepared to adjust all policy tools to ensure inflation stability at the 2% target and maintain the smooth functioning of monetary policy transmission [3] - The Transmission Protection Instrument is available to address unreasonable and chaotic market dynamics that threaten effective monetary policy transmission across Eurozone countries [3]

Core Viewpoint - The European Central Bank (ECB) is committed to ensuring that inflation stabilizes at the medium-term target of 2% [1] Group 1 - The ECB's Governing Council emphasizes its determination to maintain price stability [1]

Core Viewpoint - The European Central Bank (ECB) is prepared to adjust all tools within its mandate to ensure that inflation stabilizes at the medium-term target of 2% and to maintain smooth functioning of the monetary policy transmission mechanism [1] Group 1 - The ECB's governing council is ready to take necessary actions to achieve its inflation target [1] - The focus is on ensuring that the monetary policy transmission mechanism operates effectively [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan, led by Deputy Governor Shinichi Uchida, aims to guide monetary policy to achieve a stable 2% inflation target while maintaining close communication with the government as mandated by law [1] Group 1 - The Bank of Japan is committed to stabilizing the economy through effective monetary policy [1] - The focus on achieving a 2% inflation target indicates a proactive approach to economic management [1] - The legal requirement for communication with the government highlights the collaborative nature of monetary policy in Japan [1]

Group 1 - The European Central Bank (ECB) is likely to delay its final interest rate cut until December, with no immediate concerns about the market prematurely concluding the end of the easing cycle [1] - Most economists surveyed expect the deposit rate to be reduced by 25 basis points to 1.75% in September, but half believe that traders will not immediately conclude that rates have bottomed out even if the ECB maintains rates in the following meetings [3] - The uncertainty in trade policies is contributing to a longer "policy observation period," allowing the ECB more time to assess economic and inflation dynamics before making decisions [3] Group 2 - ECB President Christine Lagarde has indicated a preference for maintaining current policy stability in July to further observe economic and inflation trends [3] - There is a lack of consensus among ECB decision-makers regarding future policy directions, with some officials expressing caution about further rate cuts [3][4] - Concerns about inflation remaining below the 2% target, particularly with a strengthening euro, are prompting some officials to consider more accommodative policies to boost inflation [4] Group 3 - The internal divisions within the ECB reflect the complexities of formulating future policies, balancing economic growth resilience against the need to ensure inflation progresses towards targets [4] - Market participants are closely monitoring ECB actions, as predictions and statements from economists and officials will influence expectations for future interest rate movements and asset price fluctuations [4]

Core Viewpoint - The European Central Bank (ECB) can delay its final interest rate cut until December without worrying about premature market assumptions regarding the end of the easing cycle [2][3] Group 1: Interest Rate Outlook - Most respondents expect the deposit rate to be reduced by 25 basis points to 1.75% in September, while half of the economists believe that even if the ECB maintains rates in the following three meetings, traders will not immediately conclude that rates have bottomed out [2] - Approximately one-quarter of respondents believe the ECB has ended its rate-cutting cycle, while nearly half predict the last cut will occur in September, and 21% expect it to wait until December [3] - The ECB is currently in a wait-and-see mode, with expectations for further easing in September and December [3] Group 2: Trade Policy and Economic Conditions - The progress of EU-US trade negotiations is a critical observation point that could disrupt the balance between domestic and external demand [4] - The ECB will be unable to signal whether further rate cuts are necessary or if the terminal rate has been reached before the upcoming meetings due to the lack of a trade agreement [4] - The ECB's June forecast indicated inflation stabilizing at 2% by 2027, with an average of only 1.6% expected for the following year [4] Group 3: Currency and Inflation Concerns - The euro has appreciated nearly 12% against the dollar this year, with ECB Vice President Luis de Guindos warning that if the exchange rate exceeds 1.20, the economy may face challenges [5] - Economists show a higher tolerance for exchange rate pain points, with only about one-quarter agreeing with de Guindos' view, while others believe the warning threshold could be as high as 1.35 [6] - There are concerns that increased public spending may keep core inflation above target levels, and the ECB should not assume that core inflation will easily return to the target range [6]

Core Viewpoint - The New York Federal Reserve President Williams stated that there is no evidence of a significant shift away from dollar assets by investors, indicating continued strength in the dollar [1] Group 1 - Factors supporting the strength of the dollar remain intact, suggesting a stable outlook for dollar-denominated investments [1] - An increasing number of investors are hedging against dollar risk exposure, reflecting a cautious approach in the current economic environment [1] - There is still a considerable distance to reach the 2% inflation target, indicating ongoing economic challenges that may affect investment strategies [1]

近期，多数美联储官员认为本月底将维持联邦基金目标利率区间在4.25%至4.5%不变。6月会议上，美联储官员预 计今年晚些时候可能降息两次，投资者则普遍预计9月会议将开启降息。不过，也有少数官员主张更早降息，认为 特朗普政府不断变化的进口关税政策对物价的影响可忽略不计。美联储理事克里斯托弗·沃勒上周就表示，货币政 策可能过于紧缩，可考虑7月降息，且强调其利率观点与政治无关。 尽管特朗普一直向美联储施压要求尽快降息，甚至曾批评鲍威尔工作"糟糕"，但近日在被问及是否会解雇鲍威尔 时，特朗普称无相关计划。美联储官员则始终专注于经济数据本身。 哈马克称，当前利率已非常接近中性利率水平，经济展现出韧性且运行良好。在她看来，除非劳动力市场出现明 显疲软，否则降息缺乏依据。目前通胀率虽从疫情严重时超7%降至3%以下，但持续在该区间徘徊，未达美联储 2%的目标，这是暂不考虑降息的主因。她强调，需等待已出台新政策对通胀的影响进一步明晰。 对于7月29日至30日举行的FOMC会议，哈马克秉持开放态度，表示将依据经济数据和讨论方向做决策。但她明确 指出，就业方面已达成目标，通胀却未达标，因此有必要维持限制性货币政策，以确保通胀降至2 ...

周一，克利夫兰联储主席哈玛克的表态明确指出，鉴于美国通胀依然过高，且贸易关税对价格压力的影 响存在持续不确定性，美联储目前没有立即降息的必要。 她在接受福克斯商业频道采访时表示："我们非常接近中性利率水平，我看到经济具有韧性，运行良 好，除非劳动力市场出现实质性疲软，否则我不会认为有必要真正降低（利率）。" 对于哈玛克来说，通胀水平仍高于2%的目标，是短期信贷成本下调的主要障碍。关于本月底（7月29日 至30日）举行的联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）会议，哈玛克向该电视频道透露："我带着开放的心态 参加每一次会议，等待数据指引我们，等待讨论结果。" 她补充道："但就我目前的观察而言，我们正在实现就业方面的使命，而在通胀方面尚未达标。"她强 调，鉴于通胀仍旧过高，"我认为我们保持限制性货币政策立场非常重要，以确保我们将通胀降至2%的 目标。" 近几周发表讲话的大多数美联储官员似乎都同意，目前的联邦基金目标利率区间（目前介于4.25%至 4.5%之间）将在本月底保持不变。在美联储上个月的会议上，官员们预测今年晚些时候将有两次降 息，投资者普遍预计宽松政策将从9月份的会议开始。 然而，少数美联储官员则倾向于在7月份降 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's Harker emphasizes that the inflation target has not yet been reached, making it crucial to maintain a tightening monetary policy [1] Group 1 - The Federal Reserve is focused on achieving its inflation target before considering any changes to its current monetary policy stance [1] - Harker highlights the importance of continued monetary policy tightening to combat persistent inflation [1]