Quantitative Models and Construction 1. Model Name: Diffusion Index Model - **Model Construction Idea**: The model monitors the breadth of market movements and identifies turning points in stock price diffusion[5][38]. - **Model Construction Process**: The diffusion index is calculated based on the relative price movements of constituent stocks over a specific time window. For example, the current diffusion index value of 0.72 is derived from the relative price changes of stocks in the Wind Micro-Cap Index. The model uses thresholds to signal trading actions: - Left-side threshold method triggered a sell signal on May 8, 2025, at a value of 0.9850[43]. - Right-side threshold method triggered a sell signal on May 15, 2025, at a value of 0.8975[47]. - Dual moving average method triggered a buy signal on July 3, 2025[48]. - **Model Evaluation**: The model effectively identifies market turning points and provides actionable signals for trading strategies[39]. 2. Model Name: Small-Cap Low-Volatility 50 Strategy - **Model Construction Idea**: This strategy selects stocks with small market capitalization and low volatility to construct a portfolio[16][35]. - **Model Construction Process**: - Select 50 stocks from the Wind Micro-Cap Index based on small market capitalization and low volatility. - Rebalance the portfolio bi-weekly. - Transaction costs are set at 0.3% for both sides. - Benchmark: Wind Micro-Cap Index (8841431.WI)[16][35]. - **Model Evaluation**: The strategy demonstrates strong performance in 2025, with a year-to-date return of 56.90% and a weekly excess return of 0.04%[16][35]. --- Model Backtesting Results 1. Diffusion Index Model - Left-side threshold method: Sell signal at 0.9850 on May 8, 2025[43]. - Right-side threshold method: Sell signal at 0.8975 on May 15, 2025[47]. - Dual moving average method: Buy signal on July 3, 2025[48]. 2. Small-Cap Low-Volatility 50 Strategy - 2024 return: 7.07%, excess return: -2.93%[16][35]. - 2025 YTD return: 56.90%, weekly excess return: 0.04%[16][35]. --- Quantitative Factors and Construction 1. Factor Name: PB Inverse Factor - **Factor Construction Idea**: Measures the inverse of the price-to-book ratio to identify undervalued stocks[4][33]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - Calculate the inverse of the PB ratio for each stock in the Wind Micro-Cap Index. - Rank the stocks based on this value. - **Factor Evaluation**: This factor shows strong performance with a weekly rank IC of 0.152, significantly above its historical average of 0.034[4][33]. 2. Factor Name: Illiquidity Factor - **Factor Construction Idea**: Captures the illiquidity of stocks to identify those with higher potential returns[4][33]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - Measure the average daily turnover over a specific period. - Rank stocks inversely based on their turnover values. - **Factor Evaluation**: The factor has a weekly rank IC of 0.107, outperforming its historical average of 0.039[4][33]. 3. Factor Name: Profitability Factor - **Factor Construction Idea**: Identifies stocks with strong profitability metrics[4][33]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - Use metrics such as ROE or net profit margin to rank stocks. - **Factor Evaluation**: The factor has a weekly rank IC of 0.085, well above its historical average of 0.022[4][33]. 4. Factor Name: Momentum Factor - **Factor Construction Idea**: Tracks the momentum of stock prices to identify trends[4][33]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - Calculate the cumulative return over a specific period. - Rank stocks based on their momentum scores. - **Factor Evaluation**: The factor has a weekly rank IC of 0.069, improving from its historical average of -0.005[4][33]. 5. Factor Name: Leverage Factor - **Factor Construction Idea**: Measures the financial leverage of companies to identify risk-adjusted opportunities[4][33]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - Calculate the debt-to-equity ratio for each stock. - Rank stocks based on their leverage levels. - **Factor Evaluation**: The factor has a weekly rank IC of 0.064, outperforming its historical average of -0.005[4][33]. --- Factor Backtesting Results Top 5 Factors (Weekly Rank IC) 1. PB Inverse Factor: 0.152 (Historical Average: 0.034)[4][33]. 2. Illiquidity Factor: 0.107 (Historical Average: 0.039)[4][33]. 3. Profitability Factor: 0.085 (Historical Average: 0.022)[4][33]. 4. Momentum Factor: 0.069 (Historical Average: -0.005)[4][33]. 5. Leverage Factor: 0.064 (Historical Average: -0.005)[4][33]. Bottom 5 Factors (Weekly Rank IC) 1. Turnover Factor: -0.186 (Historical Average: -0.081)[4][33]. 2. Residual Volatility Factor: -0.154 (Historical Average: -0.040)[4][33]. 3. 10-Day Return Factor: -0.153 (Historical Average: -0.062)[4][33]. 4. 1-Year Volatility Factor: -0.153 (Historical Average: -0.033)[4][33]. 5. 10-Day Free Float Turnover Factor: -0.132 (Historical Average: -0.061)[4][33].

深圳商报·读创客户端记者 钟国斌 7月7日，沪深北三大交易所发布的《程序化交易管理实施细则》（下称《实施细则》）正式实施。A股 市场震荡调整，上证指数尾盘翻红，创业板指领跌。沪深北三市成交额12272亿元，较上一交易日萎缩 2199亿元。 高频交易一直是各类程序化交易新规关注的重点，《实施细则》明确了瞬时申报速率异常、频繁瞬时撤 单、频繁拉抬打压以及短时间大额成交等四类异常交易行为的构成要件，还列出了投资者发生程序化异 常交易行为时交易所可采取的措施。 《实施细则》指出，程序化交易导致证券交易出现重大异常波动的，交易所可以按照业务规则采取限制 交易、强制停牌等处置措施，并向中国证监会报告。 《实施细则》明确，单个账户每秒申报、撤单的最高笔数达到300笔以上，或者单个账户单日申报、撤 单的最高笔数达到20000笔的情形属于高频交易。针对高频交易，频繁申报、撤单等"幌骗交易"的行 为，监管明确对其进行差异化收费。 《实施细则》全面暂停融券T+0交易，禁止通过融券实现"当日卖出、次日还券"的"类T+0"操作，切断 短线套利路径。 近年来，随着新型信息技术广泛运用，程序化交易已成为重要的交易方式。尽管近年来程序化交易 ...

Core Viewpoint - The new regulations for algorithmic trading aim to enhance monitoring and regulation of high-frequency trading, promoting a more equitable trading environment and encouraging the development of core trading strategies over speed [1][2][3] Group 1: Regulatory Changes - The new rules, effective from July 7, impose limits on high-frequency trading, specifically capping the maximum number of orders and cancellations per account to 300 per second and 20,000 per day respectively [1] - The regulations are designed to mitigate the competitive advantages of speed in trading, thereby fostering a fairer market for retail investors [2][3] Group 2: Market Impact - The implementation of the new rules is expected to shift the focus of quantitative trading from speed to core trading strategies, leading to a restructuring of the quantitative trading strategy ecosystem [2] - As high-frequency trading advantages diminish, mid to low-frequency strategies are anticipated to become the mainstream, enhancing the market's value discovery function [2] Group 3: Future of Quantitative Trading - The transition from speed-based strategies to depth-oriented strategies is seen as a positive development, allowing quantitative trading to better integrate with the A-share market [3] - The new regulations are expected to lead to a more optimized market ecology, where genuine high-quality stocks are identified and valued appropriately, moving away from the "false prosperity" created by high-frequency strategies [2]

中经实习记者 孙汝祥 记者 夏欣 北京报道 自7月7日起，沪深北交易所此前4月公布的《程序化交易管理实施细则》（即"量化交易新规"）正式实 施。 新规明确高频交易认定标准为：单账户每秒申报、撤单笔数合计最高达到300笔以上，或者单账户全日 申报、撤单笔数合计最高达到2万笔以上。与此同时，新规通过四个方面进一步加强高频交易监管。 接受《中国经营报》记者采访的专家表示，量化交易具有"双刃剑"效应，新规在强化监管约束的同时， 也有助于规范市场竞争环境，提升资本市场公平性。而针对"中小投资者占绝大多数"这个最大的国情和 市情，专家建议要进一步优化各项规则，保证中小投资者有公平的交易机会。 亦有专家指出，量化交易让散户被动退出，至少应该限制量化交易，否则长此以往会使A股流动性下 降。 加强差异化监管 根据量化交易新规，单账户每秒申报、撤单笔数合计最高达到300笔以上，或者单账户全日申报、撤单 笔数合计最高达到2万笔以上的交易，被认定为高频交易。 针对高频交易，交易所进行了差异化监管安排。 一是要求存在高频交易情形的投资者，额外报告高频交易系统服务器所在地、系统测试报告和系统故障 应急方案等信息。 二是设置瞬时申报速率异 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of regulating quantitative trading to enhance market liquidity and reduce volatility, while balancing market efficiency and fairness [3][4][5]. Summary by Sections Overview of Quantitative Trading - Quantitative trading refers to the use of mathematical models, statistical analysis, and computer technology for securities investment, aiming to reduce emotional interference and improve trading efficiency [7]. - The development of quantitative trading in China has been driven by policy evolution and technological breakthroughs over the past two decades, with significant milestones including the introduction of futures and regulatory frameworks [8][9]. Impact of Quantitative Trading on the Market - Positive impacts include increased market liquidity, reduced volatility, and improved pricing efficiency. Quantitative trading generates numerous orders, enhancing market depth and narrowing bid-ask spreads [15][16][17]. - Negative impacts may involve market manipulation, exacerbation of volatility during extreme conditions, and potential fairness issues due to the speed of high-frequency trading [18][19][20]. Regulatory Framework for Quantitative Trading - China's regulatory approach focuses on automated and programmatic aspects of quantitative trading, with specific regulations for high-frequency trading established under the "Securities Market Programmatic Trading Management Measures" [21][22]. - Internationally, the U.S. and Germany have implemented strict regulations to prevent market disruption and ensure fair trading practices, with specific measures for high-frequency trading [23][24][25]. Recommendations for Healthy Development of Quantitative Trading - Suggestions include optimizing the regulatory framework with differentiated access for high-frequency and other quantitative institutions, enhancing risk control measures, and balancing market efficiency with fairness [26][27][28].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining market stability as a primary regulatory task, highlighting the need for a balanced approach between efficiency and fairness in capital market operations [8][9]. Group 1: Regulatory Developments - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) held a meeting on July 2, 2025, stressing the need for a stable market environment and the implementation of mechanisms to prevent risks in areas such as bond defaults and private equity funds [8]. - The CSRC aims to optimize capital market mechanisms, including stock and bond financing and mergers and acquisitions, to support technological and industrial innovation [8][9]. Group 2: Cross-Border Payment System - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) released a draft for public consultation regarding the rules for the Renminbi Cross-Border Payment System, indicating a move to adapt to the evolving needs of cross-border payment systems [6][7]. Group 3: Quantitative Trading Regulations - New regulations for quantitative trading came into effect on July 7, 2025, tightening the supervision of high-frequency trading, which could lead to increased costs and a shift in trading strategies [12]. - The new rules may result in a short-term decrease in market liquidity, with daily trading volumes potentially dropping by approximately 100 billion yuan due to high-frequency trading accounting for 20%-30% of A-share trading [12]. Group 4: Hong Kong IPO Market - In the first half of 2025, Hong Kong's IPO market raised over 107 billion HKD, ranking first globally, with a 22% increase compared to the previous year [13]. - The rise in IPOs reflects Hong Kong's strengthened position as an international financial center, driven by regulatory innovations and improved market conditions [13].

部分量化机构已经提前布局降频 量化交易新规7日正式实施。今年4月，沪深北交易所发布《程序化交易管理实施细则》（下称《实施细 则》），对程序化交易报告管理、交易行为管理、信息系统管理、高频交易管理等作出细化规定。 其中，新规重点加强了对高频交易的监管，明确了高频交易认定情形，在报告内容、交易收费、交易监 管等方面提出差异化管理要求等，还对程序化交易可能出现的瞬时申报速率异常、频繁瞬时撤单、频繁 拉抬打压以及短时间大额成交等四类异常交易行为作了进一步细化。 重点加强高频交易监管 程序化交易（俗称"量化交易"）是信息技术进步与资本市场融合发展的产物，在我国市场起步较晚但发 展较快，已成为证券市场重要的交易方式，有助于为市场提供流动性，促进价格发现。 但程序化交易特别是高频交易相对中小投资者存在明显的技术、信息和速度优势，一些时点也存在策略 趋同、交易共振等问题，加大市场波动。 近年来，为促进行业规范发展，监管部门加强了对程序化交易的监管。2024年5月，证监会发布《证券 市场程序化交易管理规定 (试行)》，对程序化交易监管作出总体性、框架性制度安排，并授权交易所细 化业务规则和具体举措。 今年4月，沪深北交易所同步 ...

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of new quantitative trading regulations by the three major exchanges aims to enhance the management and oversight of algorithmic trading, particularly focusing on high-frequency trading and deceptive practices like frequent order cancellations [1][2][3]. Group 1: Regulatory Changes - The new regulations detail the management of algorithmic trading, including the identification of four types of abnormal trading behaviors: unusual instantaneous order rates, frequent instantaneous cancellations, frequent price manipulation, and large transactions in a short time [2][3]. - The regulations specify that if algorithmic trading causes significant market fluctuations, exchanges can impose trading restrictions, mandatory suspensions, or even temporary market closures [2][4]. - The criteria for high-frequency trading remain unchanged, with specific thresholds set at over 300 orders per second or 20,000 orders per day [5][6]. Group 2: Impact on Quantitative Investment Strategies - Many quantitative hedge funds report that high-frequency alpha strategies and basket stock arbitrage strategies will face some impact due to the new regulations [1][4]. - The trend towards "deceleration" in quantitative investment is expected, as larger management scales will lead to a greater reliance on medium to low-frequency strategies [4][6]. - The majority of existing strategies have turnover rates below the new regulatory limits, indicating that the implementation of these rules will not significantly disrupt their operations [3][4]. Group 3: Market Dynamics and Competition - The new regulations are seen as a means to establish unified regulatory standards for all market participants using algorithmic trading, which is expected to enhance market vitality and resilience [3][4]. - The competition within the quantitative hedge fund industry is anticipated to become more refined, with a focus on compliance, risk management, and client service capabilities [8]. - The introduction of these regulations may strengthen the stability of large quantitative hedge funds while posing challenges for smaller, growth-oriented managers in a more competitive environment [8].

各位朋友好，这里是帮主郑重的热点解读时间。明天（7月7日）沪深北交易所的程序化交易新规就要正式实施了，这可是十年来对量化交易最严的一次监管 升级。今天咱们就从散户的角度聊聊，这次新规到底动了谁的奶酪，咱们该怎么应对才能既避开风险又抓住新机会。 先给大家划个重点，这次新规主要干了三件大事：一是给高频交易戴上了"紧箍咒"，二是彻底切断了融券T+0的套利通道，三是把量化机构的算法黑箱掀开 了个口子。具体来说，以前量化机构每秒能申报300笔交易，现在直接卡死在30笔以内，单日撤单也不能超过2万笔，超过就直接限制交易。融券这块更狠， 以前机构可以当天融券卖出再买回来还券，相当于变相T+0收割散户，现在这招彻底行不通了。 那咱们散户该怎么应对呢？我给大家三个实用建议： 第一，避开量化扎堆的小市值股票。这类股票以前靠高频交易维持流动性，现在策略受限后，股价波动可能会加剧。比如某些市值低于50亿、成交量长期低 迷的个股，很可能出现流动性枯竭的情况，大家尽量别碰。 第二，关注高股息和消费板块。新规实施后，资金可能会从微盘股转向业绩稳定、分红高的蓝筹股。像电力板块的华能国际股息率超过5%，煤炭龙头中国 神华股息率更是高达7.2% ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the performance of quantitative funds in the first half of 2025, highlighting the increasing popularity of quantitative trading amid market volatility and the significant returns achieved by various types of quantitative funds [3][4]. Summary by Category Overall Performance of Quantitative Funds - As of June 30, 2025, there were 1,258 quantitative funds with reported performance, achieving an average return of 4.72% and a median return of 3.74%, with 86.15% of these funds generating positive returns [4][6]. Types of Quantitative Funds - **Active Quantitative Funds**: These funds had the highest returns, with an average return of 7.5% and a median return of 5.91%. The positive return rate was 87.78% [5][6]. - **Index Enhanced Funds**: Although these funds had slightly lower returns, they had the highest positive return rate at 92.09%. The average return was 5.81% and the median was 4.61% [6]. - **Quantitative Hedge Funds**: These funds had the lowest performance, with an average return of 0.85% and a median return of 0.7%, and a positive return rate of 78.57% [6]. Top Performing Funds - The top 10 index-enhanced quantitative funds had a minimum return threshold of 18.77%, with funds tracking small-cap indices dominating the list. The top fund was managed by 创金合信基金, achieving a return of 37.17% [7][8]. - The top 10 active quantitative funds had a minimum return threshold of 24.64%, with 诺安基金 and 中加基金 leading the rankings with returns of 40.62% and 35.55%, respectively [12][14]. - The top 10 quantitative hedge funds had a minimum return threshold of 0.82%, with 中邮基金 and 富国基金 leading the performance [16]. Market Trends and Insights - The article notes that the increased focus on index-enhanced products is driven by several factors, including investor sentiment towards star fund managers, the introduction of attractive indices, and regulatory encouragement for index-based investments [9].