"首次在非洲大陆举办""聚焦全球南方议题""呼吁团结应对挑战"……当地时间23日，二十国集团（G20）领导人第二十次峰会在南非约翰内斯堡闭幕。会议 期间，中国国务院总理李强在讲话中强调，以团结协作应对世界经济复苏乏力、分歧矛盾和治理困局。值得一提的是，峰会开幕当日就通过了联合宣言，创 造了G20峰会历史上的首次，彰显了各方加强团结合作、应对共同挑战的决心。 二十国集团机制诞生于1999年亚洲金融危机之时。经过20多年发展，G20已成为全球经济治理的重要平台。当前，世界经济增长动能不足，单边主义、保护 主义甚嚣尘上，各种经贸限制和对立对抗增多。今年9月，中国国家主席习近平提出全球治理倡议，为破解全球治理赤字提供了中国方案。人们期待，G20 能够带头践行多边主义、改革完善全球治理、促进各国共同发展。而本次峰会走入非洲大陆，不仅承载着全球南方推动全球治理体系变革的共同愿望，也为 G20发展和全球治理留下了鲜明的"非洲印记"。 一直以来，团结合作是人类发展的关键，也是二十国集团的初心。在2022年G20巴厘岛峰会上，习主席指出，团结就是力量，分裂没有出路；在2024年G20 里约热内卢峰会上，习主席提出推动各国共同发 ...

古特雷斯呼吁G20带头消除贸易壁垒 中新社约翰内斯堡11月21日电 (记者 孙翔)联合国秘书长古特雷斯21日在约翰内斯堡举行媒体吹风会， 就全球治理不公和经济不平等问题发出了呼吁，"各国必须构筑贸易之桥，而不是贸易之墙"、"G20应 带头消除贸易壁垒"。 古特雷斯指出，当前的国际金融体系既不公平也无效，因为它"由发达国家设计并根据其经济需求调 整"。他表示，现在是打造一个以解决发展中国家挑战为核心的真正全球金融体系的时候。 古特雷斯将非洲在当前全球治理中的困境描述为"殖民主义的双重受害者"："首先是几个世纪的掠夺， 其次是国际机构在建立时，非洲国家仍处于殖民统治之下，其声音缺席谈判桌。" 古特雷斯呼吁G20成员发挥关键作用，修复这一历史性不公并推动改革，使全球经济治理更加包容、具 代表性、公平且有效。 古特雷斯警告说，不平等已成为"社会中的癌症"，它集中权力，并"削弱了公众对民主的信任"。他进一 步指出，许多发展中国家——尤其是非洲国家——被长期锁定在全球价值链底端，或被排除在贸易机会 之外。 他向G20发出呼吁："各国必须构筑贸易之桥，而不是贸易之墙"，"G20应带头消除贸易壁垒，为最贫困 国家提供真正的自 ...

Global Economic Development: Trends and Drivers - The current global economic landscape is characterized by political factors becoming more significant than economic ones [4] - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecasts a decline in global economic growth from 3.3% in 2024 to 3.2% in 2025 and 3.1% in 2026, indicating a challenging environment influenced by political uncertainties and U.S. trade policies [6] Systemic Risk Warnings in Global Economic Development - Three vulnerabilities in the global economy are highlighted: financial system fragility, political order instability, and ecological environment weakness [9] - Financial system risks include rising government debt levels, particularly in the U.S., which could reach 140%-150% of GDP, potentially leading to a debt crisis and market pressure [9] - Political vulnerabilities stem from the long-term nature of U.S. policy shifts and the failure of global governance systems, necessitating countries to strategize for cooperation [11] - Ecological vulnerabilities emphasize the importance of global collaboration on climate issues, with China playing a crucial role in technology sharing and funding allocation for decarbonization efforts [13] Reconstruction of Global Order - Concerns about maintaining peace are raised, particularly with the rise of far-right movements in the West, reminiscent of historical precedents that led to global conflict [14] - The global trade landscape is expected to shrink, yet globalization will continue to advance despite setbacks, with a shift towards a multipolar currency system diminishing the dominance of the U.S. dollar [15]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of maintaining stable Sino-U.S. relations, with both leaders committed to steering the relationship positively despite differences and challenges [1][2][3] - China's economic growth rate for the first three quarters of the year is reported at 5.2%, with a 4% increase in global trade imports and exports, showcasing resilience amid difficulties [2] - Both countries' economic teams have reached a consensus on key trade issues, aiming to solidify this understanding and produce tangible results for both nations and the global economy [3] Group 2 - The leaders agreed to enhance cooperation in trade, energy, and cultural exchanges, indicating a commitment to mutual benefits [5] - Regular communication between the two leaders is planned, with Trump expressing interest in visiting China and inviting Xi to the U.S. [6] - The meeting included participation from key officials, highlighting the collaborative approach taken by both sides [7]

Group 1 - The meeting between the Chinese and U.S. leaders is seen as a milestone for stabilizing bilateral relations, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy and sustainable development of the relationship for mutual benefits and global expectations [1][2] - Economic and trade cooperation is highlighted as a key agenda, with both sides agreeing to enhance collaboration in various fields, including trade and energy, and to promote cultural exchanges [2][3] - The Chinese economy showed resilience with a growth rate of 5.2% in the first three quarters of the year, and a 4% increase in global goods trade imports and exports, indicating confidence in handling risks and challenges [2][3] Group 2 - The meeting resulted in a framework consensus to address urgent economic issues, with both sides encouraged to focus on long-term benefits rather than retaliatory cycles [3] - Following the meeting, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce announced significant measures, including the cancellation of certain tariffs, reflecting a positive trend in stabilizing U.S.-China economic relations [3] - Future cooperation is expected to extend beyond economic issues to include areas such as combating illegal immigration, anti-money laundering, artificial intelligence, and public health, with both countries aiming to support major upcoming international summits [4]

Core Points - The meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Donald Trump emphasized the importance of maintaining stable U.S.-China relations, highlighting the need for cooperation despite differences [1][4] - Xi noted China's economic growth rate of 5.2% in the first three quarters of the year, with a 4% increase in global trade, showcasing resilience in the face of challenges [2] - Both leaders agreed to enhance cooperation in trade, energy, and cultural exchanges, and to maintain regular communication [5][6] Summary by Sections U.S.-China Relations - Xi emphasized the necessity for both countries to act as partners and friends, acknowledging that while differences exist, cooperation is essential for mutual benefit [1] - The leaders discussed the importance of economic ties as a stabilizing force in their relationship, advocating for a focus on long-term benefits rather than retaliatory actions [3] Economic Performance - China's economy demonstrated a growth rate of 5.2% in the first three quarters, with a notable 4% increase in global trade, indicating strong economic fundamentals [2] - The Chinese government plans to deepen reforms and expand openness, aiming for qualitative and quantitative improvements in economic development [2] Cooperation and Dialogue - Both leaders agreed on the importance of dialogue over confrontation, with a focus on enhancing communication across various channels to foster understanding [3] - The potential for collaboration in areas such as combating illegal immigration, telecommunications fraud, and public health was highlighted as a positive avenue for U.S.-China relations [3] Future Engagements - Trump expressed his desire to visit China in the near future and extended an invitation for Xi to visit the U.S., indicating a commitment to ongoing engagement [6] - The upcoming APEC and G20 summits were mentioned as opportunities for both nations to support each other and achieve positive outcomes for global economic governance [3][4]

Group 1 - The meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Donald Trump emphasizes the importance of maintaining stable U.S.-China relations, recognizing the need for cooperation despite differences [1][4] - Xi highlighted China's economic growth rate of 5.2% in the first three quarters of the year and a 4% increase in global trade, showcasing China's resilience and potential [2] - Both leaders agreed to enhance cooperation in trade, energy, and cultural exchanges, indicating a commitment to mutual benefits [5] Group 2 - The economic teams from both countries have reached a consensus on key trade issues, aiming to implement practical outcomes to stabilize U.S.-China relations [3] - Xi stressed the importance of dialogue over confrontation, advocating for continued communication across various channels to foster understanding [3] - Trump expressed optimism about the future of U.S.-China relations, highlighting the potential for significant achievements through collaboration [4][6]

Group 1: China's Economic Contribution - China maintains an average contribution rate of approximately 30% to global economic growth during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with its economic total share of the world economy increasing from 11.3% in 2012 to 17.1% in 2024 [2] - China's goods trade volume has consistently ranked first globally for several years, and it remains a leading destination for foreign investment and outward investment [2] - The country is expected to continue being the largest contributor to global economic growth over the next decade, driven by its large economic scale and ongoing industrial transformation [2] Group 2: Domestic Market Dynamics - With a population exceeding 1.4 billion and over 400 million middle-income individuals, China's domestic market is a significant driver of global opportunities, boasting nearly 50 trillion yuan in consumption and over 20 trillion yuan in imports annually [3] - China has been the second-largest consumer market and the largest online retail market globally for over a decade, with a shift towards service consumption and structural upgrades in the market [3] - The country's innovation landscape is thriving, with significant advancements in emerging industries such as artificial intelligence, 5G, and renewable energy, contributing to both domestic economic transformation and global development [3] Group 3: International Cooperation and Trade - China actively engages in international cooperation to enhance global economic connectivity, exemplified by the establishment of trade links with countries like Peru through initiatives such as the Belt and Road [6] - The country has signed numerous free trade agreements and expanded its trade partnerships, becoming a key trading partner for over 150 countries and regions [7] - China's commitment to multilateral trade systems and regional trade arrangements is evident through its participation in various trade agreements and initiatives aimed at fostering global economic collaboration [7] Group 4: Global Economic Governance - China is taking proactive steps to reform the global economic governance system, aligning its high-level opening-up policies with international trade rules to facilitate trade and investment [8] - The establishment of free trade zones and the reduction of foreign investment restrictions reflect China's strategy to enhance its global economic integration and cooperation [8] - China's advocacy for a more inclusive and balanced global governance framework is underscored by its support for developing countries and its participation in multilateral platforms [9] Group 5: Future Outlook - As the "14th Five-Year Plan" concludes, China is poised to continue its trajectory of high-quality development, contributing to global economic stability and growth [10] - The country's open and inclusive approach aims to expand global market opportunities and enhance collaborative mechanisms for shared prosperity [10] - China's role as a stabilizing force in the global economy is increasingly recognized, with its commitment to multilateralism and global cooperation being pivotal in addressing contemporary economic challenges [10]

Group 1 - The eighth Hongqiao International Economic Forum is themed "Open Cooperation for New Opportunities, Shared Future" and aims to address global governance challenges while promoting multilateralism [2][10] - The forum will feature 25 sub-forums and multiple closed-door meetings, incorporating over a hundred suggestions from various stakeholders to ensure a balance of macro perspective and practical value [3][9] - The event is expected to gather over 400 representatives from governments, international organizations, and top scholars, including nearly 10 Nobel laureates, marking a historical high for the forum [4][9] Group 2 - The forum will release significant reports, including the "World Open Report 2025," co-authored by Nobel laureates and experts from the UN Industrial Development Organization, highlighting global openness and China's high-level openness [5] - A multi-dimensional communication platform will be established to facilitate networking among attendees, enhancing interaction before, during, and after the forum [6] - The forum will leverage the simultaneous hosting with the China International Import Expo to optimize resource interaction, including tailored exhibition routes for guests [7][9] Group 3 - The forum is co-hosted by eight national ministries and six international organizations, ensuring professional content and a global perspective [9] - A comprehensive promotional matrix has been established, integrating various media channels to enhance visibility and engagement for the forum's initiatives [10]

Core Viewpoint - China announced at the 80th United Nations General Assembly that it will not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future World Trade Organization negotiations, emphasizing its role as a responsible developing country [1] Group 1: China's Position in Global Trade - China reaffirms its status as the largest developing country, maintaining its identity and position within the global South [1] - The announcement reflects China's commitment to true multilateralism and support for a rules-based multilateral trading system [1] Group 2: Development Agenda - China aims to place development at the center of the World Trade Organization's agenda, seeking to bridge the development gap between the Global North and South [1] - The country emphasizes the importance of improving global economic governance and building an open world economy [1]