Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the document Core Viewpoints of the Report - The pre - holiday bond market continued to recover mainly because the pressure on the bank's asset - liability gap was lower than expected. Factors included government bond digestion pressure not being too high, most due deposits being renewed, and an increase in the speed of foreign exchange settlement under the expectation of RMB appreciation [6][9]. - Since 2025, the "quantity and price decline" of large - bank certificates of deposit (CDs) has often led to a downward repair of bond market interest rates. After the holiday, it is necessary to focus on whether CDs can continue the pre - holiday trend of "quantity and price decline" [6][9][11]. - The key to whether bond interest rates can continue to break through after reaching critical points depends on whether CD interest rates can "as expected" continue to decline after the holiday [6][11]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Bond Market Weekly Viewpoint: Pay Attention to Whether CDs Can Continue the "Quantity and Price Decline" after the Holiday - The pre - holiday bond market recovery was due to three factors: government bond high growth not causing much digestion pressure, bank deposit loss not being serious as most due deposits were renewed, and the positive impact of increased foreign exchange settlement on the bond market [6][9]. - The "quantity and price decline" of large - bank CDs since 2025 has been correlated with the downward repair of bond market interest rates, and this time is no exception [6][9]. - After the holiday, it is necessary to observe whether there are more factors to ease the bank's liability pressure and whether the central bank will reduce other ways of base money injection [11]. - Since the end of 2024, CD interest rates have often shown "anti - seasonal" fluctuations, and it is worth noting whether they will continue to decline after the holiday [6][11]. 2. This Week's Focus in the Fixed - Income Market: The Supply Scale of Interest - Bearing Bonds Remains at a High Level in the Same Period 2.1 This Week's Domestic Inflation and Financial Data Will Be Released - China will announce January CPI, PPI and other data, and the US will announce January unemployment rate and other data [15][16]. 2.2 This Week's Interest - Bearing Bond Issuance Is Expected to Be Around 712.1 Billion - The total issuance of interest - bearing bonds this week is expected to reach 712.1 billion. Among them, treasury bonds are expected to issue 210 billion, local bonds 322.1 billion, and policy - financial bonds about 180 billion [17][18]. 3. Review and Outlook of Interest - Bearing Bonds: Bond Market Interest Rates Mostly Decline 3.1 The 14 - day Reverse Repurchase Injection Started - After the month - end, the scale of open - market operation injections decreased. The 7 - day reverse repurchase scale decreased last week, and the 14 - day reverse repurchase injection started in the second half of the week, with a net withdrawal of 756 billion [22][23]. - The increase in cross - month capital interest rates was controllable. The repurchase trading volume increased, and the overnight proportion reached a high level. The overnight price and DR007 both declined [23]. - The issuance volume of CDs increased, and the price continued to decline. The net financing amount of CDs was positive, and the proportion of medium - term CDs decreased [29]. 3.2 The Bond Market Sentiment Remained Optimistic - Last week, there was little new information in the bond market. After the month - end, funds were loose, and the equity and commodity markets mostly declined. The bond market sentiment remained optimistic, and most interest rates declined [39]. - The 10Y treasury bond reached a critical point, and more catalysts may be needed for a downward breakthrough. Most yields of interest - bearing bonds with different maturities declined, with only the 1 - year treasury bond yield rising slightly [39]. 4. High - Frequency Data: Most Commodity Prices Were Hit - On the production side, the trends of operating rates were divergent. The blast furnace and PTA operating rates increased, while the semi - steel tire and asphalt operating rates decreased. The year - on - year decline in the daily average crude steel output in late January widened [45]. - On the demand side, the year - on - year growth rates of passenger car manufacturers' wholesale and retail sales were still negative. The land premium rate in 100 large - and medium - sized cities decreased, and the land transaction area increased. The sales area of commercial housing in 30 large - and medium - sized cities increased significantly compared with the same period of last Spring Festival. The export indices declined [45]. - On the price side, most commodity prices declined. Crude oil, copper, and aluminum prices decreased, and the price of coking coal futures also decreased. The comprehensive building materials price index and cement index decreased slightly, while the glass index increased. The price of downstream consumer products such as vegetables and pork mostly declined [46].

Group 1: Government Bond Issuance in 2025 - In Q1 2025, the net issuance of government bonds reached 14,680 billion yuan, corresponding to an issuance progress of 22%, marking a historical peak for the same period[1] - The total net financing of government bonds for the year was 65,698 billion yuan, an increase of 20,855 billion yuan year-on-year[1] - The net financing in Q2 and Q3 was 19,121 billion yuan and 20,192 billion yuan respectively, both setting historical highs for those quarters[1] Group 2: Local Government Bond Issuance - Local government bonds also saw a front-loaded issuance, with a total net financing of 72,757 billion yuan in 2025, up 4,804 billion yuan year-on-year[1] - The issuance pattern showed peaks in Q1 (36%), followed by Q2 and Q3 (24% each), and a drop in Q4 (17%)[1] - In historically weaker months like April and July, local bonds maintained significant net financing of 5,281 billion yuan and 8,124 billion yuan respectively[1] Group 3: Policy Financial Bonds - The issuance of policy financial bonds was relatively stable, with a net issuance of 21,766 billion yuan in 2025, an increase of 5,678 billion yuan year-on-year[1] - The issuance pace in August was notably high, likely due to the preparation for new policy financial tools[2] - The net financing scale in August was significantly above historical levels, indicating a proactive approach to funding[2] Group 4: Projections for 2026 - The issuance of government bonds in 2026 is expected to maintain a front-loaded trend, with a focus on Q1 and Q2 due to economic conditions[3] - The net financing for government bonds in Q1 2026 is projected to be between 13,400 and 13,600 billion yuan[3] - Local government bond issuance in Q1 2026 is anticipated to follow a "V" shape, with significant financing in January and March, and a dip in February[3]

Report Investment Rating The provided content does not mention the industry investment rating. Core Viewpoints - The core issue in the bond market lies in demand rather than supply. In early 2026, the bond market continued to adjust. Although there was a high - volume supply of government bonds and a lengthening trend in local bond issuance terms, the rapid post - New Year loosening of the capital market and the "bear - steep" adjustment of the curve indicated that supply was not the core contradiction. Also, the insurance sector's adjustment of its local bond allocation term structure offset the impact of the change in local bond issuance terms [6][13]. - The root cause is the active contraction of bond investment by institutions. Since 2025, banks have been actively reducing bond investment, similar to the situation in 2016 - 2017, but the current reason is the low interest rate, which makes the return unable to cover the cost. Fund and fixed - income asset management products have been continuously redeemed, leading to large - scale bond sales [6][23]. - To solve the demand - side problem, three aspects can be considered: reigniting the market's expectation of a significant interest rate decline, the central bank taking further steps in directly purchasing long - term bonds, and increasing the necessity of strongly stimulating the economy to promote banks' rapid re - expansion of their balance sheets and spill - over into bond investment [6]. - In the short term, the overall demand problem in the bond market is difficult to solve. It is advisable to focus on structural demand changes, especially in wealth management products. Wealth management products may gradually shift to slightly longer - duration products for returns. Attention can be paid to the riding value of 2 - 3Y urban investment bonds, 1 - 2Y industrial bonds, and appropriate credit picking of high - quality urban and rural commercial banks for sub - perpetual bonds within 3Y, and trading opportunities for 3 - 4Y sub - perpetual bonds [6][27]. Summary by Directory 1. Bond Market Weekly Viewpoint - Some believe the bond market adjustment in 2026 is due to supply expansion, with the first - week government bond net issuance reaching a new high and a lengthening trend in local bond issuance terms [6][10]. - However, the core problem is on the demand side. The post - New Year capital loosening and "bear - steep" curve adjustment show that supply is not the core contradiction. Also, the insurance sector's adjustment of its local bond allocation term structure has kept the spread between local and national bonds stable [13][15]. - Institutions are actively reducing bond investment. Since 2025, banks' bond investment contraction is similar to that in 2016 - 2017, but currently due to low interest rates. Fund and fixed - income asset management products are being redeemed, leading to bond sales [23]. - To solve the demand - side problem, consider reigniting interest rate decline expectations, central bank action on long - bond purchases, and economic stimulus [23]. - In the short term, focus on wealth management products. They may shift to longer - duration products for returns, and attention can be paid to specific bond types [27]. 2. This Week's Focus in the Fixed - Income Market - **Release of December Financial Data**: This week, China will release December financial data, and the US will release December CPI and other data [30]. - **Interest - Rate Bond Issuance**: The expected issuance volume of interest - rate bonds this week is around 427.2 billion yuan, including 207 billion yuan of national bonds, 70.2 billion yuan of local bonds, and about 150 billion yuan of policy - bank financial bonds, which is at a medium level compared to the same period in previous years [30][31]. 3. Review and Outlook of Interest - Rate Bonds - **Reverse Repurchase Net Withdrawal**: Last week, the central bank's open - market operations had a net withdrawal of 165.5 billion yuan. After the New Year, the reverse repurchase maturity volume was high, and the capital market had a seasonal volume increase and price increase, with the increase in price being controllable [34][35]. - **Interest - Rate Adjustment at the Beginning of the Year**: The new fund fee regulations before New Year's Day were beneficial to bond - fund liabilities, but the market quickly took profits after the interest - rate decline. Concerns about government bond supply and the strong start of the equity market suppressed bond - market sentiment. Finally, the yields of most interest - rate bonds increased, with only the 1 - year national bond yield falling by 4.9bp, and the 3 - year national bond yield rising the most, by about 7.8bp [49]. 4. High - Frequency Data - **Production Side**: There was a divergence in operating rates. The blast - furnace and PTA operating rates increased, while the semi - steel tire and asphalt operating rates decreased. In late December, the daily average crude - steel output had a wider year - on - year decline of 14.8% [52]. - **Demand Side**: The year - on - year growth of passenger - car wholesale and retail sales improved rapidly. In the week of December 31, the year - on - year growth of passenger - car wholesale and retail sales were 45% and 17% respectively. The year - on - year decline in the commercial - housing transaction area narrowed. In the week of January 4, the land premium rate of 100 large - and medium - sized cities decreased, and the land transaction area had a seasonal decline and a large year - on - year decline. The commercial - housing sales area of 30 large - and medium - sized cities decreased to 2.75 million square meters, with a narrowed year - on - year decline of 9%. The SCFI and CCFI composite indices changed by - 0.5% and 4.2% respectively [52]. - **Price Side**: Crude - oil prices recovered, copper and aluminum prices increased, coal prices diverged, the mid - stream building - material composite price index increased slightly, and downstream vegetable and fruit prices decreased while pork prices increased. The rebar inventory decreased to a low level of 283 tons, and the futures price increased by 0.6% [53].

Market Performance - The 30-year treasury futures contract closed down 0.05%, while the 10-year contract rose 0.03%. The 5-year and 2-year contracts fell by 0.02% and 0.03% respectively. The yields on major interbank bonds mostly increased, with the 10-year government bond yield rising by 2.1 basis points to 1.8615%, and the ultra-long government bond yield increasing by 3.05 basis points to 2.282% [1] Funding Conditions - The central bank announced a 135 billion yuan 7-day reverse repurchase operation at a bid rate of 1.4%, unchanged from the previous rate. On the same day, 482.3 billion yuan of 7-day reverse repos matured, resulting in a net withdrawal of 468.8 billion yuan. In the interbank market, the weighted rate of DR001 rose by 2.05 basis points to 1.2624%, while DR007 increased by 0.26 basis points to 1.4312%. In the exchange repo market, the weighted average rate of GC001 fell by 47.61 basis points to 1.5044%, and GC007 decreased by 21.11 basis points to 1.5329%. The overnight SHIBOR was reported at 1.264%, up by 0.6 basis points, while the 1-week SHIBOR fell by 0.5 basis points to 1.423% [2] Operational Recommendations - The new redemption fee regulations for bond funds that took effect on December 31 had a weaker-than-expected negative impact on the bond market. Coupled with market expectations of a relaxation in banks' EVE indicators, this is expected to benefit long-term bond demand. However, concerns over the supply of government bonds at the beginning of the year have led to a weak market sentiment, affecting futures trading. The central bank's announcement of a bond purchase of only 50 billion yuan was below expectations, although the funding conditions remain stable and ample, which is relatively favorable for short-term bonds. The market is expected to experience increased volatility due to consistent behavior among participants, and stabilization or recovery of long-term bonds may require clearer government bond supply structures [3]

Group 1: Bond Market Overview - The total bond issuance in the market reached 27.29 trillion yuan in the first half of 2025, representing a year-on-year growth of nearly 24% [1] - Among the total, government bonds accounted for 16.93 trillion yuan, while credit bonds totaled 10.35 trillion yuan [1] - Specific figures include 7.88 trillion yuan in national bonds, 5.49 trillion yuan in local bonds, 55 billion yuan in central bank bills, and 349.68 billion yuan in policy financial bonds, with respective year-on-year growth rates of 35.58%, 57.18%, and 19.23% for national, local, and policy financial bonds [1] Group 2: ABS Market Performance - In the first half of 2025, the ABS market saw 1,090 new projects with a total issuance of 974.9 billion yuan, marking a 27% increase year-on-year [3] - Credit ABS issuance decreased by 23%, with 102 new projects totaling 95.9 billion yuan [3] - The largest issuance came from non-performing loans, with 80 projects amounting to 36.2 billion yuan, followed by personal auto loans with 10 projects totaling 34.3 billion yuan [3] Group 3: Government Bond Issuance Plans - The Ministry of Finance plans to reissue 240 billion yuan of book-entry interest-bearing government bonds, including 109 billion yuan of 7-year bonds at a coupon rate of 1.79% and 131 billion yuan of 10-year bonds at a coupon rate of 1.67% [5] Group 4: Central Bank Operations - The central bank conducted a 1.31 trillion yuan 7-day reverse repurchase operation, maintaining the operation rate at 1.40%, resulting in a net withdrawal of 275.5 billion yuan due to the maturity of 4.065 trillion yuan in reverse repos [7] Group 5: Local Government Bond Issuance - Hunan Province successfully issued its third batch of special bonds, totaling 9.856 billion yuan, with a cumulative issuance of 23.854 billion yuan for land reserve special bonds, accounting for 44.56% of construction project funding [8] Group 6: Corporate Bond Issuance - Zhoukou Investment Group plans to issue 3.593 billion yuan in corporate bonds, which has been accepted by the Shanghai Stock Exchange [9] - The Zhumadian Urban Construction Investment Group completed the issuance of 400 million yuan in corporate bonds with a 2.72% interest rate [9] - Tailong Pharmaceutical intends to register 800 million yuan in short-term financing bonds to replace bank loans and supplement working capital [10] Group 7: Market Sentiment and Predictions - The West Fixed Income team predicts that credit bond yields are likely to remain volatile, with the interest rate spread expected to reach its lowest point in the third quarter [20] - The Hua'an Fixed Income team anticipates that August may see a peak in the supply of interest rate bonds, with a significant reduction in supply pressure in July [20]

Group 1: Core Views - The report mainly discusses three questions in light of the Q3 national debt issuance plan announced on June 30: whether the ultra-long bonds will experience a bond-switching market again, what rules can be grasped if the bond-switching market arrives, and how to view the supply pressure of interest rate bonds within the year [2] - The issuance scale of ultra-long special national debts this year has increased and remained constant, with 20Y/30Y/50Y at 50 billion yuan, 71 billion yuan, and 50 billion yuan respectively. The estimated total issuance for the year is about 1.302 trillion yuan, roughly in line with the 1.3 trillion yuan announced during the Two Sessions [3] - The 20Y bonds may experience a bond switch, while the 30Y active bond is likely to remain 2500002.IB. The short-term probability of a 30Y bond switch is low [4] - For 20Y national debts, if the single-bond issuance scale exceeds 5 billion yuan, the new bond may see a rush, with interest rates declining first, and the current active bond 2500001.IB may adjust. For 30Y national debts, if there is an expectation of an active bond switch, the single-bond issuance scale on July 14 needs to be large enough, or the issuance scale of each period of the bond needs to be small enough [6] - The supply peak of interest rate bonds may occur in August, and the supply pressure in July is significantly reduced. The bond market in July is favorable from the supply perspective. The central bank may restart national debt purchases in August to hedge against the supply peak or announce it in advance in July [6] Group 2: Report Industry Investment Rating - There is no relevant content provided in the text Group 3: Summary by Related Catalogs Perspective 1: Is it possible for ultra-long bonds to be switched? - The issuance scale of ultra-long special national debts this year has increased and remained constant, different from the past where the single-bond issuance scale was usually small and the reissuance scale occasionally changed [3] - Based on the linear extrapolation of the special national debt issuance scale from the beginning of the year to date, the total issuance for the year is about 1.302 trillion yuan, consistent with the announced amount [3] - The 20Y bonds may experience a bond switch, and if the first issuance scale of 20Y bonds exceeds 5 billion yuan, the market may expect this bond type to become the active bond. The short-term probability of a 30Y bond switch is low, and the active bond 2500002.IB position can be maintained [4] Perspective 2: How to respond if there is an expectation of an active bond switch? - For 20Y national debts, if the single-bond issuance scale exceeds 5 billion yuan, the new bond may see a rush, and the current active bond 2500001.IB may adjust [6] - For 30Y national debts, if the single-bond issuance scale on July 14 exceeds 12 billion yuan, investors may expect the final scale of this 30Y national debt to exceed the current active bond, leading to a rush. If the issuance scale of the 30Y special national debts on July 14, July 24, and August 8 is small enough, the expectation of an active bond switch may increase [6][7] - The supply peak of interest rate bonds may be in August, and the supply pressure in July is reduced. The bond market in July is favorable from the supply perspective. The strategy can maintain the duration and wait for the opportunity of interest rate decline in the second half of the year [6]

Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Core Viewpoints - The Q2 2025 treasury bond issuance plan is in line with expectations, with two notable changes: an increase in long - term bond issuance and the issuance of special treasury bonds for capital injection [3]. - Although the issuance scale of long - term bonds has increased in structure, the net financing pressure of treasury bonds in April is not high. The net financing peak of Q2 treasury bonds is concentrated in May - June, and due to the large maturity volume in April, the supply pressure is low. Overall, the supply pressure of treasury bonds gradually rebounds in Q2, with an increase in long - term bonds of key tenors. However, the relatively large maturity volume of treasury bonds in April makes the supply pressure of interest - rate bonds not high, which is particularly beneficial to the short - end [4][6]. - This year, the supply of interest - rate bonds is significantly higher than in previous years. The issuance of treasury bonds was slow in Q1, while local bonds were issued at an accelerated pace. The supply pressure in Q2 is relatively controllable, and the peak may fall in Q3. From the supply level, there is a certain downward opportunity for the bond market in April [6]. Summary by Relevant Contents Treasury Bond Issuance Plan in Q2 2025 - **Key - term treasury bonds**: From April to June, one 1Y, 2Y, and 3Y treasury bond will be issued each month. In addition, one 7Y and one 10Y treasury bond will be issued in April; two 10Y treasury bonds in May; one 5Y and two 10Y treasury bonds in June [4]. - **Short - term treasury bonds**: For 28 - day, 63 - day, 91 - day, and 182 - day treasury bonds, one 28 - day, one 63 - day, four 91 - day, and one 182 - day treasury bond will be issued in April; one 28 - day, one 63 - day, three 91 - day, and one 182 - day in May; one 28 - day, one 63 - day, four 91 - day, and one 182 - day in June [4]. - **Ultra - long - term general treasury bonds**: One 30Y treasury bond will be issued in April [4]. - **Savings treasury bonds**: One 3Y and one 5Y electronic savings treasury bond will be issued in April and June respectively; one 3Y and one 5Y certificate - type savings treasury bond will be issued in May [4]. - **Special treasury bonds**: One 5Y special treasury bond will be issued in April; one 5Y and one 7Y in May; one 7Y in June [4]. Comparison with Q1 - Compared with Q1, there is an increase in the issuance of long - end key - term treasury bonds. Specifically, two fewer 5Y and 7Y key - term treasury bonds are issued, while two more 10Y key - term treasury bonds are issued. Although two fewer 30Y ultra - long - term general treasury bonds are issued, there are still special treasury bond issuance plans in Q2, which are expected to be smooth throughout the year based on 2024 experience [4]. Issuance of Special Treasury Bonds for Capital Injection - The special treasury bonds for central financial institution capital injection are mainly 5Y and 7Y bonds, with a smooth issuance rhythm from April to June (one in April, two in May) [4]. Net Financing of Treasury Bonds in Q2 - The estimated total issuance in April, May, and June is 11043.4 billion yuan, 10603.2 billion yuan, and 12141.0 billion yuan respectively; the estimated total repayment is 12025.5 billion yuan, 5589.7 billion yuan, and 8496.5 billion yuan respectively; the estimated net financing is - 982.1 billion yuan, 5013.5 billion yuan, and 3644.5 billion yuan respectively [10]. Annual Net Financing Estimate - **Treasury bonds**: The net financing is about 6.66 trillion yuan, including 4.86 trillion yuan for ordinary treasury bonds. The annual new special treasury bonds are 1.8 trillion yuan, including 1.3 trillion yuan for ultra - long - term bonds and 500 billion yuan for capital injection [8]. - **Local bonds**: The annual net financing is about 6.6 trillion yuan, including about 5.2 trillion yuan for new bonds, 2 trillion yuan for replacement bonds, and about 2.4 trillion yuan for refinancing bonds (estimated at an 80% ratio). After subtracting the maturity volume, the overall net financing is about 6.6 trillion yuan [8]. - **Policy - financial bonds**: The estimated net financing this year is about 1.8 trillion yuan, which is generally the same as in previous years. The net financing of policy - financial bonds from 2022 - 2024 was 2.08 trillion yuan, 1.86 trillion yuan, and 1.61 trillion yuan respectively [8].