美国政府掀起的全球关税风暴或重置全球贸易体系和国际货币体系。 所谓特里芬难题是指在主权货币作为国际储备货币的情况下，主权货币发行国需要通过国际收支逆差向 全球提供该货币的流动性，但这又会导致货币贬值和信心危机，从而陷入两难境地。该理论完美地预见 到了上世纪70年代布雷顿森林体系的解体。 美国财政部披露的国际资本流动报告数据（TIC）显示，今年上半年，美国国际资本大规模净流入，与 同期美元指数大幅走弱相悖，显示美元弱势与外资抛售美国证券无关，而主要受其边际变动的影响。美 国政府以关税工具胁迫贸易伙伴签订的一系列新贸易协议，在收敛美国贸易逆差的同时，将削弱美国吸 引外来证券投资的潜力，并有损美元储备货币地位。 美指暴跌缘于资本流动的边际变化 TIC统计显示，今年上半年，美国吸引国际资本净流入7677亿美元，同比增加4799亿美元，增长2.78 倍。同期，洲际交易所（ICE）的美元指数（DXY）累计下跌10.8%，创1973年以来同期最大跌幅，与 美国国际资本流动状况大相径庭。然而，从美国国际资本流动的边际变化中或能找到美指大跌的答案。 全球美元储备份额或继续稳中趋降 根据国际货币基金组织（IMF）最新的全球外汇储 ...

Group 1: Report Information - Report Title: Precious Metals Daily Review [1] - Date: August 7, 2025 [1] - Research Team: Macro Finance Team [2] - Researchers: He Zhuoqiao (Macro Precious Metals), Huang Wenxin (Treasury Bonds and Container Shipping), Nie Jiayi (Stock Index) [2] Group 2: Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report. Group 3: Core Viewpoints - The uncertainty of trade policies and the expectation of the Fed's interest rate cut support the gold price, while the narrowing of the US trade deficit in June and the service PMI above the boom-bust line support the US dollar index and weaken the safe-haven demand for gold. The London gold price continues to trade in the range of $3345 - $3390 per ounce. The gold's safe-haven demand is greatly boosted by Trump's 2.0 new policy, and the London gold may rise again after wide-range consolidation between $3120 - $3500 per ounce. It is recommended that investors maintain a long position mindset and participate in trading with medium to low positions [4]. - Since late April, London gold has been in a wide-range oscillation between $3100 - $3500 per ounce. The cooling of international trade situation and the US fiscal expansion bill weaken the safe-haven and allocation demand for gold, but the uncertainty of Trump's new policy and high international geopolitical risks continue to support the gold price. The safe-haven and reserve diversification demand brought by the reorganization of the international trade and monetary system will continue to support the long-term bull market of gold, and the economic growth weakness and the expectation of central bank interest rate cuts caused by Trump's multiple reforms will support the medium-term bull market. It is expected that London gold will continue to oscillate and consolidate in the range of $3120 - $3500 per ounce in the short term. Investors are advised to maintain a long position mindset and participate in trading with medium to low positions, and short-minded traders can pay attention to the arbitrage opportunity of "going long on gold and shorting silver" after the upward momentum of silver fades [6]. Group 4: Precious Metals Market Conditions and Outlook Intraday Market - Trump's tariff threats on drugs, semiconductors, and India, and the nomination of new Fed governors, along with trade policy uncertainty and Fed rate cut expectations, support the gold price. Meanwhile, the narrowing of the US trade deficit in June and the service PMI above the boom-bust line support the US dollar index and weaken the safe-haven demand for gold. The London gold price continues to trade in the range of $3345 - $3390 per ounce. The expectation of the Fed restarting the rate cut process drives the global stock market and industrial commodities to run strongly, and the London gold-silver ratio slightly drops to 89.2. It is recommended that investors maintain a long position mindset and participate in trading with medium to low positions [4]. Medium-Term Market - Since late April, London gold has been in a wide-range oscillation between $3100 - $3500 per ounce. The cooling of international trade situation and the US fiscal expansion bill weaken the safe-haven and allocation demand for gold, but the uncertainty of Trump's new policy and high international geopolitical risks continue to support the gold price. In June, speculative funds flooded into the relatively underperforming silver and platinum markets, and the gold-silver ratio has basically returned to the level before April. It is expected that London gold will continue to oscillate and consolidate in the range of $3120 - $3500 per ounce in the short term. Investors are advised to maintain a long position mindset and participate in trading with medium to low positions, and short-minded traders can pay attention to the arbitrage opportunity of "going long on gold and shorting silver" after the upward momentum of silver fades [6]. Group 5: Domestic Precious Metals Market Conditions | Contract | Pre - closing Price | Highest Price | Lowest Price | Closing Price | Change (%) | Open Interest | Change in Open Interest | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Shanghai Gold Index | 784.16 | 787.42 | 784.30 | 785.36 | 0.15% | 433,180 | - 4596 | | Shanghai Silver Index | 9,093 | 9,217 | 9,113 | 9,199 | 1.17% | 789,871 | 5,633 | | Gold T + D | 779.92 | 781.70 | 775.17 | 779.63 | - 0.04% | 216,324 | 7,234 | | Silver T + D | 9,052 | 9,168 | 9,045 | 9,150 | 1.08% | 3,470,566 | 27,222 | [5] Group 6: Main Macro Events/Data 1. In June, the US trade deficit narrowed by 16.0% to $60.2 billion, and the trade deficit with China decreased by about one-third to $9.5 billion, the lowest since February 2004. In July, the US service industry business activity was basically flat, orders hardly changed, employment weakened further, and input costs rose at the largest rate in nearly three years, highlighting the continuous drag of tariff policy uncertainty on enterprises [18]. 2. Trump will decide on the replacement for Fed governor Kugler before the weekend and has narrowed the list of candidates for the next Fed chair to four, including current National Economic Council Director Hassett and former Fed governor Warsh. Treasury Secretary Bessent is excluded because he wants to continue in his current position [18]. 3. The US will first impose a "small tariff" on drug imports and then increase the rate in about a year. Trump will announce tariffs on semiconductors and chips in about a week. Given India's continued purchase of Russian oil, Trump will "significantly" increase the tariffs on goods imported from India from the current 25% within the next 24 hours [18].

Group 1 - The article focuses on the trends of credit spreads in investment-grade Chinese dollar bonds, aiming to identify investment opportunities and effectively manage risks [1][2] - The development of the Chinese dollar bond market is closely linked to the evolution of credit spreads, influenced by various factors such as domestic and international monetary policies, regulatory frameworks, and economic conditions [3][4][5] Group 2 - The Chinese dollar bond market has experienced several phases: initial exploration (1986-2009), slow development (2010-2014), rapid growth (2015-2017), volatile development (2018-2021), and stagnation and adjustment (2022-present) [4][5][6][8][9] - The rapid growth phase saw a significant increase in issuance, with 1,121 bonds issued and a total financing amount of $461.54 billion from 2015 to 2017, peaking in 2017 with $231.7 billion [7] Group 3 - The article identifies seven main factors influencing credit spreads in investment-grade Chinese dollar bonds, including the state of the Chinese economy, RMB exchange rates, USD swap points, the US stock market, US market interest rates, credit default risks, and the supply of Chinese dollar bonds [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] - The analysis indicates that a strong Chinese economy can improve corporate profitability and reduce credit risk, leading to narrower credit spreads [12] Group 4 - A multi-variable regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between credit spreads and the identified factors, revealing six significant variables that explain the credit spread variations effectively [21][22] - The final regression model indicates that credit spreads have narrowed from 200 basis points in 2015 to 72 basis points, reflecting a historical low [20] Group 5 - Predictions for 2025 suggest that credit spreads for investment-grade Chinese dollar bonds will continue to narrow or remain stable, driven by improved economic conditions and reduced credit risk premiums [26][28] - The model forecasts specific values for various influencing factors, including a projected credit spread of 89.44 basis points in February 2025 [28]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry or Company Involved - The discussion primarily revolves around the **U.S. government fiscal policy** and the implications of the **Trump administration's economic strategies**. Core Points and Arguments - The **U.S. fiscal deficit** is severe, with a projected deficit rate of **6.4% in 2024**, the second highest since the subprime mortgage crisis, and a government leverage ratio of **112%**, second only to Japan [2][3] - The **Trump administration's core policy** focuses on tax cuts and spending reductions, which are expected to reduce annual fiscal revenue by approximately **$100 billion** [2][5] - The administration aims to offset revenue losses through tariffs and reductions in financial sector incentives, although tariffs contribute less than **2%** to total fiscal revenue [5][9] - The term **"Ferguson Moment"** refers to the situation where debt interest payments exceed defense spending, indicating a potential decline in national power, which the U.S. has currently reached [7] - The administration's measures to address the fiscal deficit include **freezing subsidies**, **streamlining government agencies**, and **reducing foreign aid**, with expected savings of about **$150 billion** annually from subsidy cuts alone [8] - The **interest payments** on national debt have increased significantly, with a **130% rise** from 2019 to 2024, surpassing defense spending [6] Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content - The **high interest rates** and the end of the Fed's rate hike cycle are exacerbating fiscal pressures, leading to a potential increase in U.S. debt yields and a rise in gold prices in the long term [3][11] - Future measures to further reduce spending may include **reforming government structure**, **reducing social welfare**, and **controlling emergency spending**, although these face significant political challenges [10] - The administration is also considering selling federal assets, including **rail companies, postal services**, and **gold reserves**, estimated at **$700 billion** in market value [9]

文：任泽平团队 美联储12月议息会议宣布降息25个基点，将联邦基金利率目标区间下调至4.25%-4.5%，符合市场 预期。 此次决议中，美联储主席发表鹰派言论。美联储官员意见出现分化，克利夫兰联储主席贝丝·哈马 克反对降息，认为劳动力市场存在风险。 1 关注FOMC 四大要点：通胀预期抬升、降息节奏放缓、 50bp 降息空间、经济预期乐观 二是，通胀预期抬升，美联储将谨慎评估未来关税影响。 鲍威尔承认就业市场降温，通胀目标接 近2%。但以"对内减税+对外加税+反移民+制造业回流+美国优先"为主的特朗普新政将引发再通胀，制 约降息路径和空间。 鲍威尔认为， " 长期通胀预期似乎保持稳定"。 三是，2025年仍有50个基点的降息空间，预计年内降息两次。 点阵图显示，2025年仍有50bp降 息指引，对应联邦基金利率中值3.9%。其中，有3位官员认为2025年应累计降息25个基点，有10位官 员认为2025年应累计降息50个基点，有3位官员认为2025年应累计降息75个基点。 美联储释放强鹰派信号。 截止2024年12月，美联储年内降息三次，累计降幅达100个基点；并对 经济预期进行积极调整，美联储主席鲍威尔发表鹰 ...