周作人在《书房一角》的序中写道："从前有人说过，自己的书斋不可给人家看见，因为这是危险的 事，怕被看去了心思。"他自己中年以后却做了很多"文抄公"的工作，摘录前人的作品，附上自己的心 得，这些文字发表出来，等于"把书房的一角公开给人家看了"。至于今天，阅读仍是个人行为，会心处 常不足为外人道。书房则不再具有隐蔽性，敞开给人看也未必有太多人感兴趣，分享读书心得，更是有 些不合时宜。但既然知堂老人打了样，姑妄言之也未尝不可。2025年，我所读过的书不下百本，印象较 深的则可能仅有十余本。我打算分享的以下几本书题材和内容各有不同，如果勉强概括可以发现其中隐 然有几个主题：现代性、乌托邦、"媚俗"、九十年代与当下的关联。 一、现代性与规划社会的背阴面 关于现代性以及我们今天处境的来历，我想谈的第一本书是王东杰教授的新著《规划社会的来临：重读 〈大同书〉》（以下简称《规划社会的来临》）。这本书我在年初认真细读了两遍，写了较为详实的书 评，尚未发表，为避重复，这里只能简单介绍。关于康有为及其《大同书》，近年来新论著不少，侧重 点各有不同。作者关注的是"历史中的思想"，并非单纯考证史实，亦不是评骘《大同书》中思想的优 劣， ...

引言 1933年，当整个西方世界正因大萧条的寒冬而战栗时，如果一名焦虑的美国读者翻开当年的畅销小说 《消失的地平线》，他一定会为书中虚构的"香格里拉"感到一种混杂着惊异的向往。 在詹姆斯·希尔顿（James Hilton）笔下，三个英国人与一个美国人为了逃离战火，意外迫降在西藏深处 的雪域高原。幸存的他们被带入了一座名为"蓝月谷"的喇嘛庙。这里坐拥与世隔绝的巍峨雪峰与静谧山 谷，保留着一种前现代式的东方田园牧歌，人们也衰老得更为缓慢。然而，真正令这些西方闯入者感到 震颤的，是喇嘛庙内赫然陈设的全套现代文明景观：中央供暖系统、美国制造的青瓷浴缸，甚至还有一 架羽管键琴和一架现代三角钢琴。熟悉的舒适冲淡了横遭厄运的苦闷，主人公康韦逐渐对这里产生了认 同；他心中对于战争的恐惧和对于现代工业社会的厌倦，也被这座文明与野性共存的乌托邦所安抚。 作者希尔顿敏锐地洞察到，在现代性的重压下，现代人所渴望的世外桃源，从来不是彻底回归粗粝艰辛 的传统农耕生活，而是进入一个折叠的空间：它必须拥有窗外的荒野来提供审美的崇高感，同时必须保 留屋内的钢琴与浴缸来维持生存的安全感。这种"身在蛮荒，心在文明"的生存结构，在数十年后，在距 书 ...

Group 1 - The core idea of the article revolves around the evolving nature of literature in the context of modern challenges and the quest for meaning amidst technological advancements, particularly artificial intelligence [1] - The narrative emphasizes the struggle and perseverance of literature as a form of spiritual exploration, suggesting that even as problems diminish, the art of storytelling remains vital [1] Group 2 - Liu Zhenyun's new novel "Salty Jokes" explores the relationship between individuals and the public, contrasting personal experiences with broader societal themes [7] - The novel reflects on the difficulty of finding genuine connections in a world where familial ties often feel distant, leading to a journey of seeking kinship [7][9] - The narrative structure of "Salty Jokes" includes a protagonist's physical and emotional journey, highlighting the contrast between personal aspirations and societal expectations [9] Group 3 - The works of other authors, such as Ban Yu and Lin Xuehong, also delve into themes of familial relationships and personal identity, showcasing the complexities of human connections [10][12] - The exploration of historical contexts in these narratives reveals how characters navigate their identities against the backdrop of societal changes and personal struggles [22][23] - The literature reflects a duality of seeking self-identity while grappling with the implications of modernity, suggesting a nuanced understanding of personal and collective histories [22][23]

中国青年报客户端讯（中青报·中青网记者 蒋肖斌）百年中国文学与当代文化价值建构暨《现代的形成 与拓路》典藏版座谈会，近日在北京大学举行。 本次会议系统梳理了百年以来，中国文学与现代性互动的历史脉络，及其对当代文化的塑造作用。在此 基础上，进一步探讨了文学如何回应现实，参与未来价值建构。 《现代的 中南出版传媒集团总编辑谢清风代表湖南出版集团、中南出版传媒集团，向北京大学中文系赠送《现代 的形成与拓路》典藏版。主办方供图 形成与拓路》。主办方供图 本次会议由北京大学文学讲习所、北京大学中国诗歌研究院、湖南出版投资控股集团、中南出版传媒集 团主办，湖南文艺出版社承办。 北京大学中文系教授、本书主编陈晓明说，这套书的诞生源于一个核心追问——百年中国文学对于当代 文化建设究竟有什么意义？作为北大中文系首个重大项目，它承载了填补学科空白的使命。项目历时13 年，凝聚了北大中文系老中青三代学者的心血。 来源：中国青年报客户端 陈晓明介绍，全书以"六编三十六章"的结构试图论证：百年中国文学不仅记录了历史，更是中国现代社 会形成与价值奠基的核心力量。这套书也是人才培养的成果，当年参与写作的许多博士生如今已成长为 各领域的佼佼 ...

中新网北京12月28日电 (记者 应妮)北京大学中文系三代学者历时十三年，完成国家社科基金重大项目 《现代的形成与拓路——百年中国文学与当代文化建设》。 《现代的 形成与拓路》书影。 主办方供图 "百年中国文学与当代文化价值建构暨《现代的形成与拓路》典藏版座谈会"27日在北京大学举行，三十 余位专家齐聚一堂，围绕百年中国文学如何参与当代文化价值建构展开深度座谈。 中国作家协会副主席阎晶明认为，这部十分难得的学术著作着眼于形成和拓路两个维度，以传统、世 界、大众化、伦理、民间、新媒体六个面向作为观察视角，以重点文学现象和作家作品为实证，对百年 来中国文学发展演变做了具有学理性的梳理与论述。它贯穿始终的主线，就是现代性的生成、发展、强 化、拓展、兴变，这些灿烂的景象成为中国当代文化建设的重要构成，对于文化建设产生了不可替代的 影响。 中国当代文学研究会会长、北京师范大学文学院教授张清华指出，这部著作既有强烈的问题意识，又有 鲜明的历史总体性考量，既有丰厚史料，又有广阔视野，既有文本勘查，又有强大的历史形变和逻辑力 量。论著无论对于新文学史、现代思想史还是现代文化史、当代思想理论的研究都是重大收获，是一项 具有里程 ...

Group 1 - The core idea of the article emphasizes the need to awaken long-term awareness among voters and shareholders, integrating long-term elements into social contracts and performance evaluation systems for corporate leaders [2][3] - Long-termism focuses on historical scales of centuries or even millennia, addressing the evolution of civilization, resilience of national systems, and long-term prosperity [2][4] - The article advocates for promoting long-term thinking as a starting point to address significant challenges facing humanity today [2][5] Group 2 - The "Axial Age" concept introduced by philosopher Karl Jaspers highlights the independent development of four major civilizations, laying the foundation for human society [4] - The fusion of Greek and Hebrew civilizations, referred to as "Two希文明," played a crucial role in the Renaissance, religious reform, and the birth of modern thought and science [4][5] - The article discusses the liberation from "theocracy" and "monarchy" as pivotal moments that shaped modernity and modern civilization [7][10] Group 3 - The Renaissance marked the beginning of humanism, shifting societal focus from the divine to human-centered values, fostering individual freedom and dignity [7][8] - The Reformation initiated by Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church, leading to the establishment of religious freedom and the principle of state sovereignty [8][11] - Enlightenment thinkers contributed to the development of modern values such as freedom, equality, and democracy, which became foundational to modern education and governance [11][12] Group 4 - The article highlights the importance of institutional resilience in navigating significant changes and challenges, using the United States, Japan, and Argentina as case studies [18][27] - The U.S. has demonstrated strong institutional resilience, successfully adapting to major changes since the Industrial Revolution, while Japan and Argentina faced significant economic challenges [20][25] - The concept of "institutional resilience" is proposed as a key factor in understanding national competitiveness and long-term growth [27][29] Group 5 - The article suggests that China's long-term policies since the reform and opening up in 1978 have contributed significantly to its economic achievements [29][30] - It emphasizes the need for China to continue leveraging long-term thinking to address global challenges and contribute to future developments [30]

Core Concept - The article discusses the transformation of Nanjing Road in early 20th century Shanghai, driven by the rise of four major Chinese department stores: Sincere, Wing On, Sun Sun, and Taikoo. These stores acted as "dream machines," creating a collective fantasy of modernity through strategic capital operations, architectural practices, and cultural coding [1][2]. Group 1: Department Stores as "Dream Machines" - The focus on department stores is justified as they are pivotal in understanding Shanghai's modernity and urban culture, integrating capital, goods, space, and desires [1][2]. - The metaphor of "dream machines" highlights how department stores manufactured and showcased the dream of modernity, transforming abstract concepts into tangible goods and experiences [2]. Group 2: Spatial Positioning and Commercial Restructuring - Before the emergence of department stores, Nanjing Road was already a commercial hub, but its core was concentrated in the eastern section. The arrival of department stores shifted this focus westward, creating a new commercial geography [2][4]. - The founders of Sincere and Wing On strategically positioned their stores in a prime location, leading to a competitive landscape that established a high-density "scenic consumption belt" along Nanjing Road [4][5]. Group 3: Architectural Aesthetics and Modernization - The architectural styles of the four department stores, characterized by eclecticism, symbolized power and modernity, reshaping the urban skyline and breaking traditional spatial scales [6][10]. - The illumination of these buildings at night transformed Nanjing Road into a vibrant "city that never sleeps," enhancing the consumerist atmosphere [6][10]. Group 4: Consumer Practices and Urban Experience - The department stores transcended mere shopping, offering a multifaceted modern lifestyle experience, including dining, entertainment, and accommodation, thus becoming essential public spaces in Shanghai [10][11]. - The marketing of fashion and lifestyle products in these stores played a crucial role in shaping modern identities, linking consumption with social status and personal identity [11][12]. Group 5: Legacy and Contemporary Impact - The legacy of these department stores continues to influence the character of modern Shanghai, with contemporary shopping venues still reflecting the consumerist and modernist ethos established during that era [13].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of long-term thinking in addressing significant global challenges and the need to integrate long-term elements into social contracts and corporate performance evaluations [2] - It discusses the historical evolution of civilizations, particularly the "Axial Age," which laid the foundation for human development and the emergence of modernity [3][4] - The fusion of Greek and Hebrew civilizations, referred to as "Two希文明," played a crucial role in the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Enlightenment, leading to the establishment of modern market economies and societal structures [4][5] Group 2 - The article highlights the liberation from "theocracy" during the Renaissance, which shifted societal focus from divine authority to human-centered values, fostering individual freedom and modern humanism [5][6] - It notes that the Reformation initiated by Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church's authority, leading to the establishment of religious freedom and the principles of state sovereignty [6][7] - The development of modern science and the Industrial Revolution were driven by the interplay between the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Enlightenment, significantly advancing human progress [7][10] Group 3 - The article outlines the constraints of "monarchy" in Hebrew civilization, where laws governed society, limiting the power of kings and establishing a system of checks and balances [8][9] - It discusses the significance of the Magna Carta in 1215, which marked the beginning of legal limitations on monarchs and the establishment of the principle that no one is above the law [9][10] - Enlightenment thinkers contributed to the evolution of modern democratic values, which laid the groundwork for contemporary governance and societal norms [9][11] Group 4 - The article addresses the resilience of national systems in the face of historical economic challenges, highlighting the importance of adaptability and self-correction in maintaining competitiveness [15][26] - It contrasts the experiences of the United States, Japan, and Argentina, illustrating how systemic resilience has influenced their economic trajectories [18][24] - The concept of "systemic resilience" is proposed as a critical factor for understanding national competitiveness in a rapidly changing global landscape [26][27] Group 5 - The article emphasizes China's long-term policy approach since the reform and opening-up in 1978, which has significantly contributed to its economic achievements [27][28] - It suggests that China can leverage long-term thinking to address global challenges and contribute to sustainable development in the future [28]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing societal focus on "security" as a primary pursuit in life, reflecting a shift in personal and relational dynamics influenced by fear and uncertainty [1][2][4]. Group 1: Societal Trends - There is a growing trend of cautious decision-making in career choices, with individuals opting for stability and security, even in personal relationships, leading to a rise in AI as a substitute for human connection [2][5]. - The term "security" has become vague and is often used to explain various behaviors, such as reluctance to change jobs or engage socially [5][11]. Group 2: Psychological Insights - Discussions around "security" reveal that many individuals feel driven by fear and scarcity, leading to a perpetual state of striving without a sense of belonging [4][9]. - The complexity of personal relationships is highlighted, where individuals may express a desire for connection while simultaneously avoiding responsibility, resulting in emotional pain [10][12]. Group 3: Impact of Modernity - The evolution of societal norms and the emergence of various relationship models contribute to a pervasive sense of confusion and insecurity among individuals [15][16]. - The article emphasizes that the experience of insecurity is not solely influenced by early attachment experiences but is also shaped by broader societal changes [8][20]. Group 4: Digital Age Challenges - The rise of online interactions has created a paradox where relationships feel both closer and more distant, leading to a decrease in the sense of safety typically found in familiar environments [36][37]. - The public exposure of personal struggles in the digital space can exacerbate feelings of insecurity and shame, as seen in the tragic case of a doctor who faced online harassment [7][36]. Group 5: Strategies for Building Security - To foster a sense of security, individuals are encouraged to create mental space and pause before reacting to situations, which can help mitigate impulsive responses driven by anxiety [38][40]. - The importance of understanding and processing trauma is emphasized, suggesting that healing involves recontextualizing painful experiences rather than erasing them [24][25].

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "Creating Modernity: Artistic Treasures from the Musée d'Orsay" showcases over a hundred masterpieces from the mid-19th to early 20th century, aiming to break the isolation of individual artists and art movements, while highlighting the interconnectedness of artists and their times [1][6][10]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition opens on June 18 at the Pudong Art Museum and is the largest ever held by the Musée d'Orsay in China [1]. - Curator Stéphane Guégan emphasizes the selection of artworks based on "excellence," including lesser-known pieces that reflect high artistic standards [1][9]. - The exhibition spans from the classical works of Jérôme and Cabanel to the modern expressions of Bonnard, illustrating the evolution of artistic themes such as the depiction of the nude [5][6]. Group 2: Historical Context - The time frame of 1848 to 1914 is significant as it encompasses a period of political upheaval and war in France, which influenced the art of the time [6][10]. - The exhibition reflects the social and political contexts of modernity, with 1848 marking a revolution and 1914 the onset of World War I [6][10]. Group 3: Artistic Themes and Connections - The exhibition aims to surprise audiences familiar with Impressionist artists like Monet and Renoir by introducing them to other significant works and artists [1][10]. - Guégan distinguishes between "modernity" and "modernism," asserting that modernity represents artists' ambitions to depict contemporary life, while modernism is often misinterpreted as a linear progression [9][66]. - The exhibition features notable pairings of artists, such as Manet and Degas, to illustrate their friendships and collaborative spirit within the artistic community of the 19th century [35][40]. Group 4: Lesser-Known Artists - The exhibition also highlights artists like Jérôme and Cabanel, who were once more prominent than the Impressionists but are now less recognized [66]. - Guégan points out the significance of works like Jules Didier's "Portrait of Ulysses Bittan," which reflects the transition of outdoor painting from avant-garde to mainstream acceptance [61][64]. Group 5: Audience Engagement and Reflection - The exhibition seeks to encourage viewers to rethink the meaning of modernity and the relationships between different artistic practices [66][68]. - Guégan hopes that visitors will leave with a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of art and its historical context, rather than viewing it as a linear evolution [66][68].