Core Viewpoint - The development of biodiversity finance in China is currently limited in scale and product variety, despite existing supportive policies and standards. The article emphasizes the need for innovative financial products to transition from initial offerings to scalable solutions, particularly through the case study of Quzhou City in Zhejiang Province, which is a pilot area for green finance reform [1][2]. Group 1: Current State of Biodiversity Finance - Biodiversity is recognized as the natural material basis for sustainable human production and living. The Chinese government has initiated strategic plans for biodiversity protection, including the "China Biodiversity Protection Strategy and Action Plan (2023-2030)" [2]. - The current market for biodiversity-related financial products, including credit, insurance, and bonds, is still in the exploratory phase and faces challenges in scaling up from initial innovations [4]. Group 2: Innovations in Biodiversity Credit - Biodiversity credit is essentially a subset of green credit, aimed at supporting projects or enterprises related to biodiversity [5]. - Notable international innovations include the first credit product incorporating natural capital impact assessments by Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Bank in Japan, and the "Planet Impact Loan" by Rabobank and FrieslandCampina in the Netherlands, which rewards farmers for biodiversity contributions [7]. - In China, banks like the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and Postal Savings Bank have initiated biodiversity-related loans, with examples including a loan of 189 million yuan for the maintenance of a scenic area and various biodiversity-themed loan products launched by local banks [8]. Group 3: Innovations in Biodiversity Bonds - The global market for biodiversity bonds is projected to reach nearly $300 billion by the end of 2024. Innovations in this area focus on repayment and interest structures [9]. - The International Finance Corporation issued the world's first forest green bond in 2016, which has seen significant growth in scale and flexibility in repayment options [9]. - Chinese financial institutions have also begun to explore biodiversity-themed green bonds, with notable issuances from Bank of China and Agricultural Development Bank of China [10]. Group 4: Innovations in Biodiversity Insurance - Biodiversity insurance products include traditional green insurance, catastrophe insurance, and wildlife liability insurance. Developed countries have established mature environmental liability insurance systems to support biodiversity protection [11]. - Recent innovations include the establishment of a coastal management trust fund in Mexico, which purchases insurance for coral reefs to fund restoration efforts after disasters [11].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the critical role of financial support in biodiversity conservation efforts, particularly in light of the "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" which sets a target to protect at least 30% of global marine and terrestrial areas by 2030 [1][2] Financial Institutions and Biodiversity - Financial institutions face challenges in integrating biodiversity-related risks into their internal risk management systems due to a lack of assessment methods and tools [2][3] - The global focus on biodiversity risk management is increasing, with central banks and financial institutions beginning to recognize the importance of identifying and managing these risks [2][3] Economic Impact of Biodiversity - China's economic activities reliant on biodiversity are valued at approximately $9 trillion, accounting for about 65% of the GDP [3] - The loss of biodiversity poses significant risks to financial institutions, potentially increasing costs and impacting financial performance and price stability [3][4] Types of Risks - Biodiversity-related financial risks manifest as physical risks, affecting industries like agriculture and tourism, and transition risks, arising from new government policies aimed at biodiversity protection [4][5] Financial Support Mechanisms - Current financial support for biodiversity conservation in China primarily relies on fiscal funding, with insufficient participation from social capital and financial institutions [6][7] - There is a need for a comprehensive financial product system to meet the substantial funding requirements for national park construction, as existing products are limited [6][7] Recommendations for Improvement - Financial institutions should enhance risk assessment and management for biodiversity-related investments, ensuring that potential impacts on biodiversity are evaluated before project initiation [7] - A collaborative mechanism involving government, enterprises, NGOs, and the public is recommended to improve financial support for biodiversity conservation projects [7]

绿色金融改革创新交流会7月4日在浙江湖州举办。中国金融学会绿色金融专业委员会金融支持生物多样性研究组牵头人、北京绿色金融与可持续发展研究院 副院长白韫雯在此间接受新华财经专访时表示，未来几年应重点关注金融推动企业更好开展"自然受益"转型，可从提前识别、管理风险及把握转型中的新商 机两维度切入开展。 白韫雯表示，根据政府间生物多样性和生态系统服务科学政策平台（IPBES）发布的《生物多样性和生态系统服务全球评估报告》显示，自1970年以来，全 球18个被评估的生态系统服务类别中有14个已经呈下降趋势。基于此，已有国家开展生物多样性丧失影响金融系统风险的研究，金融机构作为资金供给主 体，对经济稳定和发展影响巨大，所以推动"自然受益"转型非常关键。 谈及具体措施，白韫雯认为，主要从两个维度开展。一方面要提前识别和管理此类风险。"先做体检，了解其产生影响的路径，可能是物理风险，也可能是 转型风险等传导，了解以后才能更好做好风险的识别和管理准备。"她说道。 白韫雯强调，其中至关重要的关键点在于信息披露，目前已有上百家企业和金融机构以自然相关金融披露专责组织（TNFD)框架开展信息披露。"披露不是 目的，最终是帮助企业主 ...

Core Viewpoint - Beijing aims to establish its urban sub-center as an international benchmark city for green economy by 2027, focusing on enhancing green innovation capabilities, increasing the number of green enterprises, and boosting the output value of green industries [1][2]. Group 1: Green Innovation and Technology - The city plans to achieve an annual growth of approximately 20% in effective green technology invention patents and establish an international green technology concept verification center [1]. - The administrative office area has achieved 100% green electricity supply, and a new energy system experimental base has been established [2]. Group 2: Green Industry Development - The urban sub-center will support the development of over 300 green enterprises and establish a green industry cluster [1]. - The focus will be on cultivating specialized green industries, including carbon professional services and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) services, to create a carbon market ecosystem and attract international ESG rating agencies [3]. Group 3: Investment and Future Energy - The sub-center will foster green investment and support the development of various green industry investment institutions, particularly in future energy sectors such as superconducting materials and vacuum systems [4]. - There will be an emphasis on enhancing existing green industries, including ecological environment protection and pollution control, as well as the development of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies [4]. Group 4: Smart and Connected Vehicles - The urban sub-center will enhance the smart connected new energy vehicle industry, focusing on vehicle electronics and core components to create a comprehensive supply system [5]. - The aim is to attract low-carbon, ultra-low energy consumption, and nearly zero energy consumption building enterprises to strengthen the green construction industry [5].