以下文章来源于内分泌早知道 ，作者关注内分泌的 内分泌早知道 . 深度分享内分泌用药经验、病例剖析、指南专业解读并紧跟国内外内分泌领域前沿进展，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 ▍警惕！7个隐形推手正在掏空你的血糖健康 触目惊心的血糖危机正在蔓延：我国约1.2亿成年人正与糖尿病抗争，更令人担忧的是，40%的成年人都站在糖尿病前期警戒线上 。这 意味着团圆饭桌上的筷子还没动几下，可能已有半数人血糖异常。更值得警惕的是，糖尿病发病年龄持续走低——卫健委数据显示，青 壮年群体患病率五年间增长38%，因为真正的血糖杀手往往披着日常习惯的外衣。 当多数人还在严防甜食时， 真正威胁往往藏在习以为常的生活细节里 。就像温水煮青蛙，这些隐形推手正悄无声息摧毁血糖防线。首 当其冲的就是现代人引以为傲的"吃饭效率"：办公室白领10分钟解决午餐、家长追着孩子喂饭形成的吞咽习惯，都在制造血糖灾难。覆 盖20万人的营养学追踪揭示，进食速度每加快1分钟，糖尿病风险增加13%。更残酷的是，当食物像暴风般卷入肠胃时，我们的消化系 统就像被突然袭击的哨兵，胰岛素分泌节奏完全被打乱，最终演变成"吃同样饭菜，血糖却比别人高"的困局。 改变从放慢筷子开始： ...

Core Viewpoint - Regular physical activity is essential for health, significantly reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and extending lifespan through optimal exercise regimens [6][12]. Group 1: Exercise and Health Benefits - Exercise is recognized as one of the four pillars of health, alongside sunlight, air, and water, with historical roots tracing back to Hippocrates [6]. - Modern studies confirm that engaging in 60 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise daily can significantly lower the risk of metabolic diseases, particularly when combined with strength training [7][9]. - A recent study indicates a linear relationship between daily exercise duration and the risk of type 2 diabetes, with a reduction in risk of 74% for those exercising over 68 minutes per day [9][10]. Group 2: Optimal Exercise Duration - The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise weekly, but recent findings suggest that achieving 2-4 times this amount maximizes health benefits [12][13]. - A study covering 116,000 adults over 26 years found that adhering to the higher exercise volume can reduce all-cause mortality by up to 31% [12][13]. Group 3: Strength Training and Aging - Strength training is shown to delay biological aging by an average of 3.9 years, with a recommendation of 90 minutes per week to achieve this effect [15][16]. - Regular strength training can enhance metabolic rate, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease [15][17]. - The combination of strength training and aerobic exercise yields greater health benefits than either form alone, promoting both muscle retention and fat loss [17].

Core Viewpoint - Lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes in prediabetic patients, especially those who are overweight or obese. Additionally, drug treatments, particularly the dual receptor agonist tirzepatide, have gained attention for their potential in diabetes prevention [1]. SURMOUNT-1 Trial Results - The SURMOUNT-1 trial demonstrated that after 176 weeks, the proportion of participants developing type 2 diabetes in the tirzepatide group was 1.2%, compared to 12.6% in the placebo group, indicating a 94% reduction in diabetes progression risk [3]. - Even after a 17-week treatment cessation, the diabetes development rate in the tirzepatide group was 2.4%, versus 13.7% in the placebo group, showing an 88% risk reduction [3]. - Weight loss contributed over half (55.2%) to the reduction in diabetes risk [3]. Efficacy of Tirzepatide - Among patients receiving any dose of tirzepatide, 94.5% reverted from prediabetes to normal blood glucose levels, while only 60.4% in the placebo group achieved the same [5]. - In the 15 mg dose group, no participants progressed to diabetes, with only 2.8% remaining in the prediabetes category [5]. - Tirzepatide significantly reduced HbA1c levels by an average of 0.5% to 0.65% [5]. - Weight loss in the tirzepatide groups was significantly higher than in the placebo group, with average weight reductions of 12.3%, 18.7%, and 19.7% for the 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg groups, respectively, compared to 1.3% in the placebo group [5]. Participant Demographics and Trial Design - The SURMOUNT-1 trial involved 1,032 participants randomly assigned to different doses of tirzepatide or placebo, with treatment lasting 176 weeks followed by a 17-week non-treatment period [8]. - All participants received lifestyle interventions, including dietary guidance and at least 150 minutes of exercise weekly, aiming for a daily caloric reduction of 500 kcal [8]. - Baseline characteristics included an average HbA1c of 5.8%, weight of approximately 236 pounds, and a BMI of 38.8 [8]. Health Improvements - The tirzepatide group showed significant improvements in various health metrics, including waist circumference reductions of 7.9 inches (15 mg), 7.2 inches (10 mg), and 5.1 inches (5 mg), compared to 1 inch in the placebo group [9]. - Blood pressure improvements were also notable, with systolic pressure decreasing by 5.9 to 8.5 mmHg and diastolic pressure by 4.2 to 5.9 mmHg in the tirzepatide group, compared to minimal changes in the placebo group [11]. - Lipid profiles improved, with HDL cholesterol increasing by an average of 14% and triglycerides decreasing by 32.4% in the tirzepatide group, compared to 2.5% and 4.2% in the placebo group, respectively [11]. Safety and Adverse Events - The mortality rate and incidence of serious adverse events were similar between the tirzepatide and placebo groups, with serious adverse event rates of 13.4%, 14.5%, 12.6%, and 11.9% for the 15 mg, 10 mg, 5 mg, and placebo groups, respectively [12]. - The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal, with nausea rates of 31.6% (15 mg), 32.8% (10 mg), and 24.3% (5 mg), compared to 11.9% in the placebo group [12]. - A notable concern was the occurrence of acute pancreatitis in the 5 mg group, leading to treatment discontinuation [13]. Innovation and Future Research - The SURMOUNT-1 trial is significant as it is the first Phase 3 clinical trial to utilize the GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist tirzepatide for weight loss and diabetes prevention, with a long follow-up period [14]. - The trial results indicated an average weight loss of 20.9%, which is 2 to 5 times greater than previous diabetes prevention trials, alongside a 94% reduction in new type 2 diabetes cases [14]. - Further research is needed to determine whether weight loss reduces diabetes risk solely through improved insulin sensitivity or glucose-dependent insulin secretion [15].

Core Insights - The article highlights the increasing trend of diabetes among young people, emphasizing the importance of blood sugar monitoring as a lifestyle choice rather than just a medical necessity [2][8][29] - The demand for blood glucose monitors has surged, driven by a shift in consumer behavior towards health management and preventive care [12][13][22] Industry Overview - The blood glucose monitor market is experiencing rapid growth, with the market size expected to reach 380 billion yuan by 2025, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of nearly 26% [22] - The rise in popularity of blood glucose monitors is attributed to the increasing health awareness among younger generations, particularly the 90s and 00s demographics [12][14] Market Dynamics - The primary consumers of blood glucose monitors are becoming younger, with a shift in purchasing motives from disease treatment to preventive monitoring [13][14] - The market is seeing a significant increase in the sales of dynamic glucose monitors, which are more user-friendly and less invasive compared to traditional finger-prick devices [10][11][19] Competitive Landscape - Domestic companies like Yuyue and Sanofi are emerging as key players in the blood glucose monitoring market, with notable revenue growth in their glucose management solutions [17][18] - The competition is intensifying as more affordable and innovative products enter the market, leading to price reductions of over 50% for some dynamic glucose monitors [19] Consumer Behavior - Young consumers are increasingly purchasing blood glucose monitors not only for themselves but also for their family members, indicating a broader acceptance of health monitoring devices in households [14][15] - Social media platforms like Xiaohongshu are playing a significant role in promoting blood glucose monitors, with trending topics related to health management and product recommendations [3][15] Technological Advancements - The development of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices is revolutionizing the market, providing real-time data without the need for finger pricks [10][19] - The accuracy of these devices is measured by the MARD value, with most products maintaining a range of 7.5% to 9.5%, which is crucial for consumer trust [18][19] Future Trends - The future of the blood glucose monitor market is expected to focus on smart, multifunctional devices that integrate health management features, appealing to the tech-savvy younger generation [21][22] - Companies are also exploring the development of multi-parameter monitoring devices that can track additional health metrics alongside blood glucose levels [20]