（来源：淘金ETF） 1. 长江电力（600900） 作为全球水电龙头，长江电力掌控长江流域核心水电资产，旗下三峡、葛洲坝、溪洛渡、向家坝等电站 装机规模与发电量稳居全球第一，水电业务具备稳定、清洁、低成本的核心优势。在全国统一电力市场 建设中，公司作为跨区电力供给核心主体，将充分受益于市场化交易机制完善与绿电溢价提升，同时 AI算力需求爆发带动电力资产价值重估，公司稳定的电力供给能力与绿电属性凸显，在电力行业价值 重构中占据核心地位。此外，公司积极布局抽水蓄能与储能业务，提升调节能力，适配统一市场下的辅 助服务需求，进一步强化全产业链价值。 2. 华电新能（600930） 华电集团旗下新能源核心平台，聚焦风电、光伏等清洁能源项目开发、投资与运营，装机规模持续扩 张，绿电占比不断提升。公司在国内多个区域布局新能源电站，深度绑定"东数西算"等算力项目，提供 稳定绿电直供服务。全国统一电力市场的推进，将为公司绿电交易提供更广阔的平台与更优的溢价空 间；AI算力用电需求高增，也将带动绿电直供与源网荷储协同需求，公司作为新能源发电核心企业， 将充分受益于行业景气度提升。同时，公司积极拓展储能、虚拟电厂等业务，提升调节 ...

国金证券近日发布公用事业行业研究：2月初国办发布《关于完善全国统一电力市场体系的实施意 见》，较22年发改委、能源局发布的《关于加快建设全国统一电力市场体系的指导意见》，2030年全国 统一电力市场体系基本建成，市场化交易电量占全社会用电量70%左右（2025年末为64%），推动现货 市场27年前基本实现正式运行，2035年全面建成全国统一电力市场体系。 以下为研究报告摘要： 核心观点 电改进入新阶段，重视统一电力市场 2月初国办发布《关于完善全国统一电力市场体系的实施意见》，较22年发改委、能源局发布的《关于 加快建设全国统一电力市场体系的指导意见》，重点强调以下六个维度内容：（1）明确节点：2030年 全国统一电力市场体系基本建成，市场化交易电量占全社会用电量70%左右（2025年末为64%），推动 现货市场27年前基本实现正式运行，2035年全面建成全国统一电力市场体系；（2）优化全国资源配 置：完善跨省跨区跨网交易制度、推动省间互济，研究组建全国电力交易中心；（3）全面市场化：各 类型电源和除保障性用户外的电力用户全部直接参与电力市场；（4）激励调节性电源：传导辅助服务 成本，完善煤电、抽蓄、新型储能 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is not explicitly stated in the provided documents, but it can be inferred that there is a positive outlook for coal and power generation sectors based on the analysis of demand elasticity and market conditions [5]. Core Insights - The electricity reform has entered a new phase, emphasizing the establishment of a unified national electricity market, with a target for market-based trading to account for approximately 70% of total electricity consumption by 2030 [2]. - There is a focus on the demand elasticity of coal in the first half of the year, with expectations of high growth in electricity consumption due to a low base effect, particularly in energy-intensive manufacturing sectors [3]. - The report highlights the potential for coal power generation to benefit from a low base in the first half of the year, with a projected increase in coal power generation despite competition from renewable sources [3]. - The report suggests that the demand for coal may exceed expectations due to the growth of overseas data centers and industrialization, which could lead to tighter import coal supplies [3]. - There is an emphasis on the importance of value management for state-owned enterprises, particularly those with market capitalization around 60 billion, indicating a focus on capital operations and market positioning [4]. Summary by Sections Electricity Market Reform - The government aims to complete the national unified electricity market system by 2030, with a phased approach transitioning from government pricing to market-based trading [2]. - Key aspects include optimizing resource allocation, encouraging participation from all types of power sources, and improving governance to prevent market manipulation [2]. Coal and Power Generation - The first half of the year is expected to show high growth in coal power generation due to a low base from the previous year, with a significant decline in coal power generation in early 2025 [3]. - The report identifies specific companies such as Yanzhou Coal Mining Company, China Shenhua Energy, and Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry as key players to watch in the coal sector [3]. State-Owned Enterprises - There is a focus on enhancing the market value management of large state-owned enterprises, with specific attention to companies like Guizhou Power and Huadian International [4]. - The report suggests monitoring hydropower performance during the flood season and the impact of market fluctuations on investment strategies [4].

Core Viewpoint - The successful listing of Southern Power Grid Digital Network Research Institute Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Southern Network Digital") on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange highlights the capital market's strong recognition of the development prospects of digital power grids, injecting robust momentum into the construction of a safe, intelligent, and green new power system [1][3]. Group 1: Company Overview - Southern Network Digital was officially listed on November 18, marking a significant milestone in its development [1]. - The company aims to strengthen and expand the digital power grid industry ecosystem, supporting the intelligent, green, and integrated transformation of the energy and power industry [1]. - The company has established itself as a leading platform for high-quality development in the digital power grid sector, with a commitment to delivering excellent performance to investors and society [1]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, Southern Network Digital has leveraged its role as a central enterprise to drive technological innovation and industry leadership, creating a comprehensive product system across all scenarios and stages [2]. - The company has developed key technologies, including the first unified IoT operating system in the power industry, "Dianhong," which connects over 500 ecological partners and billions of power terminals [2]. - Southern Network Digital has also launched the first domestically developed large-scale fully integrated digital system, "Nanfang Sihai ERP," and the first power-specific main control chip, "Fuxi," among other innovations [2]. Group 3: Market Impact - The listing of Southern Network Digital serves as a market benchmark for integrating into the capital market and developing new productive forces [3]. - This event positions Southern Network Digital as a high-quality platform serving multiple industries nationwide, laying a solid foundation for its future rapid development [3].

Group 1: Power Industry - The unified electricity market is accelerating construction, promoting high-quality development of renewable energy. The basic rules of the unified electricity market have been established, with a comprehensive coverage of the spot market and a market-driven pricing mechanism for renewable energy [1][24][29] - In the first three quarters of 2025, the national industrial power generation reached 72,557 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 1.6%, while the total social electricity consumption was 77,675 billion kWh, up 4.6% [20][22] - The electricity supply-demand situation is overall loose, but the peak load is tight, with the maximum electricity load reaching 1.506 billion kW on July 16, 2025, an increase of 0.55 million kW compared to the previous year [20][22] Group 2: Renewable Energy - The green electricity price has reached a bottoming point, with the core uncertainty regarding electricity prices gradually clarified, indicating that the industry's darkest hour is coming to an end [2][30] - The wind and solar installed capacity exceeded 1.7 billion kW in the first three quarters of 2025, accounting for nearly one-quarter of total social electricity consumption [36][40] - The challenges of renewable energy consumption remain, with increasing abandonment rates for wind and solar energy, indicating a mismatch between renewable energy development and consumption capacity [41][43] Group 3: Thermal Power - The transition of thermal power to a regulating power source is accelerating, with coal prices expected to support long-term contract prices, stabilizing thermal power profitability [2][10] - The capacity price for coal power is expected to increase further in 2026, promoting stable profitability for coal power [2][10] Group 4: Hydropower - Hydropower is experiencing a widening interest margin, with ample cash flow and stable performance supporting high dividends [3][10] - The core growth points for hydropower performance include increased installed capacity, rising electricity prices, and reduced financial costs and depreciation [3][10] Group 5: Nuclear Power - The nuclear power market is facing downward pressure on market prices, but there is a rebound in Guangdong's nuclear power pricing, indicating a strong momentum for new nuclear power development [3][10] - The approval of new nuclear units is regularized, with 10 units approved within the year, indicating a steady growth trajectory for the nuclear power sector [3][10] Group 6: Natural Gas - Domestic natural gas supply and demand are relatively loose, with a decline in apparent consumption by 0.2% year-on-year in the first nine months of 2025 [4][10] - The global natural gas market is entering a supply expansion phase, with overseas gas prices expected to decline [4][10] Group 7: Green Methanol - The promotion of green electricity consumption and the replacement of shipping fuels are expected to open up growth space for green methanol [4][9] - As of August 2025, there are 173 signed/registered green methanol projects in China, with a capacity of 53.46 million tons per year, indicating rapid growth in project numbers and capacity [9][10] Group 8: Environmental Protection - The water and waste incineration industries are entering a mature phase, with significant improvements in free cash flow [9][10] - The domestic waste oil resource utilization industry is expected to benefit from the EU's SAF mandatory blending policy, increasing demand for raw materials [9][10]

Group 1: Power Industry - The unified electricity market is accelerating construction, promoting high-quality development of renewable energy. The basic rules of the unified electricity market have been established, with a focus on market-driven pricing for renewable energy [1][24][29] - In the first three quarters of 2025, the wind power sector's revenue decreased by 2.80% year-on-year, while the solar power sector's revenue dropped by 14.01%, indicating pressure on the performance of the renewable energy sector due to consumption and pricing issues [30][31] - The total installed capacity of wind and solar power reached 582 GW and 1127 GW respectively by September 2025, accounting for 46% of the total installed capacity, with a significant contribution to non-fossil energy consumption [36][40] Group 2: Thermal Power - The transition of thermal power to a regulatory power source is accelerating, with coal prices expected to support long-term contract prices, stabilizing profitability for coal-fired power plants [2] - The capacity price for coal-fired power is anticipated to increase further in 2026, promoting stable profitability for coal power [2][10] Group 3: Hydropower - Hydropower is experiencing improved cost-effectiveness due to abundant cash flow and stable performance, with high dividends becoming more attractive in a declining interest rate environment [3] - The core growth points for hydropower include increased installed capacity, rising electricity prices, and reduced financial costs and depreciation [3] Group 4: Nuclear Power - The nuclear power sector is facing pressure from declining market prices, but there is a rebound in electricity prices in Guangdong, and new nuclear power developments are gaining momentum [3][10] - The approval of new nuclear units is becoming more regular, with 10 units approved in 2025, indicating a positive outlook for the sector [3] Group 5: Natural Gas - Domestic natural gas supply is expected to remain relatively loose, with a decline in apparent consumption by 0.2% year-on-year in the first nine months of 2025 [4] - The global natural gas market is entering a supply expansion phase, which may lead to a downward trend in overseas gas prices [4] Group 6: Green Methanol - The promotion of green electricity consumption and the replacement of shipping fuels are expected to open up growth opportunities for green methanol [9] - As of August 2025, there are 173 signed/registered green methanol projects in China, with a total capacity of 53.46 million tons per year, indicating rapid growth in the sector [9][10] Group 7: Environmental Protection - The water and waste incineration sectors are entering a mature phase, with significant improvements in free cash flow, suggesting investment opportunities in the environmental protection sector [10] - The domestic market for scientific instruments exceeds $9 billion, with substantial potential for domestic substitution, particularly benefiting companies in environmental monitoring instruments [10]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that China's renewable energy sector is experiencing rapid growth, with new installed capacity reaching 283 million kilowatts from January to July, totaling 2.171 billion kilowatts, which accounts for nearly 60% of the national total installed capacity [1] - The National Energy Administration emphasizes the need to accelerate the development of new models and industries in renewable energy, particularly in deep-sea offshore wind power and solar thermal power [1] Group 2 - The Wind Tianfeng Securities report indicates that since 2016, the renewable energy industry has entered a phase of rapid development, although the increase in electricity price surcharges has not kept pace with the growth in installed capacity, leading to a shortfall in funding compared to subsidy needs [3] - The report also highlights that the first batch of renewable energy compliance lists was published over two years ago, and previous policies have clarified that special financing methods will be used to address subsidy shortfalls, which is expected to accelerate the resolution of subsidy arrears [3] - Investment suggestions from Xiangcai Securities indicate a positive outlook on the revaluation of electricity assets due to the accelerated construction of a national unified electricity market, recommending focus on three main lines: hydropower assets with stable fundamentals, thermal power assets with improving performance under cost reductions, and leading companies with strong operational capabilities in the green electricity sector [3]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a unified electricity market in China is essential for optimizing power distribution and enhancing market efficiency, as highlighted by the recent issuance of the "Basic Rules for Electricity Market Measurement and Settlement" by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration [1][2]. Group 1: Market Structure and Rules - The unified market rules aim to eliminate market fragmentation and inter-provincial barriers, serving as a foundational project for the electricity market [2]. - The "1+6" framework consists of the "1" representing the fundamental rules for electricity market operation, which will be released in 2024, and the "6" representing six additional rules that support various trading types [2][3]. - The three trading types include long-term, spot, and ancillary services rules, which ensure market stability, real-time trading flexibility, and the provision of services necessary for grid stability [2]. Group 2: Key Operational Rules - The three critical operational rules focus on information disclosure, market registration, and measurement settlement, which are designed to streamline processes and enhance transparency [3]. - Unified information disclosure allows all market participants to access essential information on an equal footing, while standardized market registration simplifies cross-provincial participation [3]. - The rules also standardize the entire settlement process, including the compilation and publication of settlement bases, payment collection, and clearing timelines, ensuring clarity in electricity transactions [3].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a unified electricity market in China is essential for optimizing power distribution and enhancing market efficiency, as highlighted by the recent issuance of the "Basic Rules for Electricity Market Measurement and Settlement" by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration [1][2]. Group 1: Market Structure and Rules - The electricity market in China is complex, involving multiple participants such as power generation companies, electricity sales companies, and consumers, with a significant portion of electricity traded across provinces [1]. - The "1+6" framework consists of a primary rule and six supplementary rules, where the primary rule outlines the key participants and their responsibilities in the electricity market [2]. - The six supplementary rules include three related to trading types (long-term, spot, and ancillary services) and three concerning critical market operations (information disclosure, market registration, and measurement settlement) [3]. Group 2: Importance of Unified Rules - A unified set of market rules is crucial to eliminate market fragmentation and inter-provincial barriers, facilitating smoother electricity transactions [2]. - The new rules standardize various aspects of the market, including settlement processes, fee collection, and the definition of measurement units, thereby enhancing transparency and efficiency [3].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a normalized electricity trading mechanism between China's State Grid and Southern Power Grid marks a significant step towards a unified national electricity market, breaking through regional operational limitations and enhancing cross-province electricity trading efficiency [1][2]. Group 1: Market Development - The Southern Regional Electricity Market transitioned to continuous settlement trial operation at the end of June, indicating a shift from trial verification to normalized operation [1]. - The trading scope of the Southern Regional Electricity Market includes five provinces: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Hainan, allowing for daily, uninterrupted cross-province electricity trading [1][2]. Group 2: Mechanism and Implementation - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued a plan to establish a normalized electricity trading mechanism across grid operating areas, addressing the last barrier to a unified national electricity market [2]. - The new trading mechanism will enable the Beijing and Guangzhou electricity trading centers to collect cross-grid trading demands and facilitate precise supply-demand matching through information exchange [2]. Group 3: Benefits and Future Outlook - The cross-regional electricity market is expected to enhance energy supply stability, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and improve the overall efficiency of electricity assets [3]. - The plan outlines that by the end of this year, China will implement normalized trading across grid operating areas, with future goals of increasing trading frequency and achieving continuous trading on working days [3].