《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）提出，"十 五五"时期人口结构变化给经济发展、社会治理等提出新课题。 记者丨陈洁 实习生张星雨 编辑丨王峰 我国人口格局正在悄然转变，不久前发布的《中国统计年鉴（2025）》可见端倪。 和2023年相比，2024年人口结构呈现出0—14岁人口占比下降、65岁及以上人口占比提升、省份"变 老"数量持续提升（2024年有8个省份65岁及以上人口占比超过18%，多于2023年的7个）等特征。 近日出版的《〈中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议〉辅导读本》（以下简 称《辅导读本》）中，中央宣讲团成员、中央改革办专职副主任丁国文撰写的署名文章对此有清晰的阐 述："十五五"时期，老年人口、老龄化率持续攀升，高龄人口增速更快，我国少子化、老龄化等结构性 矛盾更加凸显。 从其中提到要落实好的重点任务来看，"十五五"时期人口政策重点围绕"一老一小"两条主线。 清华大学社会学博士后、北京理工大学教育学院特别副研究员史薇对21世纪经济报道记者表示，"十五 五"时期的人口新课题主要集中在四个方面：人口再生产结构的优化、老龄社会的可持续 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant changes in China's population structure, highlighting the increasing proportion of elderly individuals and the declining proportion of children, which poses new challenges for economic development and social governance during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period [1][4][9]. Population Structure Changes - The proportion of the population aged 0-14 is decreasing, while the proportion of those aged 65 and above is increasing, with 2024 statistics showing 15.81% for the younger group and 15.66% for the older group, indicating a near crossover [5][6]. - By 2024, 19 provinces will have over 14% of their population aged 65 and above, with some provinces like Liaoning and Shanghai exceeding 20% [4][5]. Regional Population Differentiation - The article notes a clear regional differentiation in population structure, with some provinces experiencing a high proportion of elderly individuals compared to children, while others have a higher proportion of children [8]. - For instance, Shanghai has a 65+ population proportion of 20.25% compared to 9.50% for the 0-14 age group, while provinces like Guangdong and Guizhou show a contrasting demographic profile [8]. New Population Issues - The article identifies new population issues such as negative population growth, low birth rates, aging, and regional population disparities that require a shift in population development strategies [9]. Population Service System - The article emphasizes the need to establish a comprehensive population service system covering all life stages, addressing marriage, childbirth, education, employment, healthcare, housing, and elderly care [11]. - Key tasks include promoting positive marriage and childbirth views, improving maternity insurance, and developing inclusive childcare services [11][12]. Utilizing Elderly Workforce - With the increase in life expectancy, optimizing the use of elderly human resources is crucial, as the average life expectancy in 2024 is projected to reach 79 years [14]. - The article suggests developing diverse job opportunities for older individuals and removing age restrictions in employment and social security policies [14][16]. Employment Training for the Elderly - There is a need to create a training system for elderly employment, focusing on digital skills and job readiness to enhance their employability [15]. - Community and family support systems should be established to facilitate intergenerational learning and skill development [15][16].

21世纪经济报道记者陈洁 实习生张星雨 我国人口格局正在悄然转变，不久前发布的《中国统计年鉴（2025）》可见端倪。 和2023年相比，2024年人口结构呈现出0—14岁人口占比下降、65岁及以上人口占比提升、省份"变老"数量持续提升（2024年有 8个省份65岁及以上人口占比超过18%，多于2023年的7个）等特征。 近日出版的《〈中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议〉辅导读本》（以下简称《辅导读本》）中， 中央宣讲团成员、中央改革办专职副主任丁国文撰写的署名文章对此有清晰的阐述："十五五"时期，老年人口、老龄化率持续 攀升，高龄人口增速更快，我国少子化、老龄化等结构性矛盾更加凸显。 人口结构怎么变？ 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）提出，"十五五"时期人口结构变化 给经济发展、社会治理等提出新课题。 我国人口结构的变化在"十四五"时期已经很明显。 2021年，我国65岁及以上人口占比超过14%，进入中度老龄化阶段。2024年，我国人口结构进一步"变老"。 具体来看，根据《中国统计年鉴（2025）》，我国65岁及以上人口占比15.66%。与 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Silver Age Music Concert" was held as part of the "Our Festival: Chongyang" series, celebrating the Chongyang Festival and promoting respect and care for the elderly [1] Group 1: Event Overview - The concert took place on October 28 at the Youth Theater, organized by the Provincial and Municipal Elderly Cadre Bureaus [1] - Nearly 200 elderly cultural artists from provincial and municipal units participated, showcasing a variety of performances including choir, solo singing, instrumental music, and poetry recitation [1] Group 2: Cultural Significance - The event aimed to deeply explain the cultural connotations of the Chongyang Festival, emphasizing respect for the elderly and promoting the philosophy of providing for, engaging, educating, and entertaining the elderly [1] - A series of activities will be held in Nanjing to create a strong festive atmosphere [1]

Core Viewpoint - Jiangsu province is actively addressing the challenges of an aging population by enhancing elderly care services and promoting a high-quality development model for elderly welfare, which is essential for social progress and the well-being of its citizens [1][9] Group 1: Aging Population Statistics and Policies - Jiangsu has a significant aging population, with 25.5% of its residents aged 60 and above, surpassing the national average by 3.5 percentage points [1] - The province has established four key systems to improve elderly care: policy framework, service guarantees, supervision management, and social participation [1] Group 2: Community Engagement and Volunteerism - Community initiatives, such as the "New Well Community Canteen," facilitate direct communication between community leaders and elderly residents, addressing their needs effectively [2] - Over 656,000 elderly individuals have participated in volunteer activities, contributing to community service and enhancing social cohesion [2] Group 3: Educational Opportunities for the Elderly - The establishment of "doorstep elderly universities" has increased access to education for seniors, with a participation rate of 25% among the elderly population [3] - Jiangsu has exceeded its target for the number of elderly universities, with at least four in each district [3] Group 4: Aging-Friendly Infrastructure and Services - Jiangsu is implementing aging-friendly modifications in homes and communities, with a focus on enhancing the living environment for seniors [4] - The province has initiated a program to replace old consumer goods with new, age-appropriate products, with a budget of 300 million yuan allocated for home modifications [4] Group 5: Sustainable Development of Elderly Care Institutions - Jiangsu is promoting a multi-layered approach to elderly care services, ensuring that institutions are not solely reliant on government support but also explore market-driven solutions [5][6] - The province has prioritized land allocation for elderly care facilities, with 56 plots designated for this purpose last year [6] Group 6: Coordination and Policy Implementation - The establishment of a high-level provincial aging committee reflects a commitment to coordinated efforts in addressing aging issues, with 32 member units involved [7] - Jiangsu has developed a "15-minute elderly service circle," ensuring that a significant portion of the elderly population has access to essential services [7] Group 7: Quality of Care and Social Security - Over 70% of nursing beds in Jiangsu are now dedicated to elderly care, with significant investments in specialized care for cognitive impairments [8] - The province has improved its pension system, with a focus on expanding coverage and increasing benefits for retirees [8] Group 8: Future Directions - As the "14th Five-Year Plan" concludes, Jiangsu aims to enhance its aging services framework, transitioning from mere "elderly care" to a more enriching "enjoying old age" experience [9]

Core Points - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes improving the quality of life and public services in China, focusing on high-quality employment and equal access to basic public services [1][2] - The plan aims to promote a fertility-friendly society, enhance elderly care, and develop the silver economy, with a target to increase the average life expectancy from 79 to around 80 years by 2024 [2][11] Group 1: Population Development - The plan advocates for positive marriage and childbirth views, optimizing support policies such as childcare subsidies and tax deductions to reduce family costs [2][6] - There is a focus on integrating childcare services into basic public services, with pilot programs already underway in various regions [6][7] - The declining birth rate and the need for increased support for families highlight the urgency of developing inclusive childcare services [7][8] Group 2: Elderly Care - The plan includes measures to improve elderly care services, such as developing a long-term care insurance system and enhancing rehabilitation and palliative care services [2][14] - The aging population is projected to increase significantly, necessitating a shift in public service focus towards elderly care [11][14] - The government is implementing pilot projects for elderly care consumption subsidies to alleviate the financial burden on families caring for disabled elderly individuals [14][15] Group 3: Public Service Investment - The government aims to optimize investment structures, increasing the proportion of public investment directed towards improving living standards [3][4] - There is a recognition of the need for greater financial resources to address urgent public service demands, particularly in the areas of elderly care and childcare [3][4] - The plan emphasizes the importance of equitable access to public services, particularly in underfunded regions [10]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the Chinese government's commitment to improving public health and demographic policies, aiming to increase the average life expectancy from 79 to around 80 years within five years [1] - The article outlines three key areas of focus for promoting high-quality population development: building a fertility-friendly society, enhancing elderly care, and encouraging active participation of the elderly in the workforce [1] - Specific measures include advocating for positive marriage and childbirth views, optimizing support policies for childbirth, and implementing a gradual delay in the statutory retirement age to better utilize elderly human resources [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government aims to improve the average life expectancy of its population from 79 years to around 80 years within five years, addressing the public's expectations for a better and healthier life [1]. Group 1: Population Development Strategies - The government emphasizes the construction of a fertility-friendly society by advocating for positive marriage and childbirth views, and optimizing fertility support policies and incentives [2]. - There is a focus on ensuring elderly care by improving the coordination between pension services and industries, enhancing basic pension service supply, and developing integrated medical and elderly care services [2]. - The gradual implementation of a delayed retirement age policy is proposed, along with the optimization of employment and social security age restrictions, to actively develop the elderly workforce and promote the silver economy [2].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of maintaining stable and healthy Sino-U.S. economic relations through mutual respect and equal consultation, as demonstrated by the previous four rounds of trade negotiations [1] - The Chinese government opposes "decoupling" and is committed to ensuring the security and stability of global supply chains [1] Group 2 - The proposal focuses on building a pro-natal society, promoting elderly care, and encouraging the active participation of the elderly in society [2] - The goal is to increase China's average life expectancy from 79 years to around 80 years within five years, aligning with the public's expectations for a better and healthier life [2] Group 3 - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is identified as a critical time for achieving socialist modernization and enhancing economic growth potential [3] - The focus is on achieving qualitative improvements and reasonable quantitative growth in the economy, aiming to transition from a middle-income to a middle-developed country level [3]

Core Points - The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a press conference to introduce and interpret the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee [1] - The session approved the "Suggestions on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" [1] Group 1: Population Development - The plan emphasizes the construction of a fertility-friendly society, advocating for a positive marriage and childbirth outlook, and optimizing fertility support policies and incentives [1] - It aims to promote elderly care by improving the policy mechanism for the coordinated development of elderly care services and industries, optimizing basic elderly care service supply, and developing integrated medical and elderly care services [1] - The plan also focuses on enabling the elderly to contribute by gradually implementing a delayed retirement age policy, optimizing age restrictions in employment and social security, actively developing elderly human resources, and promoting the silver economy [1]