行业报告 | 行业研究周报 新兴产业 证券研究报告 帝国烟草临床研究验证电子烟减害机制；英国电子烟禁令首周致£500 万渠道损失！ 本周关注：帝国烟草临床研究验证电子烟减害机制；英国一次性禁令首周致£500 万渠道损失！ 帝国烟草发布电子烟临床级行为研究，验证减害效用与口味价值 据两个至上，帝国烟草本月公布两项针对电子烟产品 blu 的行为学研究，研究对象为无戒烟意图的 成年烟民，向参与者发放预充值借记卡供其在社区门店自由采购 blu 产品。 帝国烟草的行为科学研究团队追踪了研究开始时没有戒烟意图的成年吸烟者，并发现以下结果： 仅仅一周后，已有相当数量的参与者从吸烟转向使用 blu，平均吸烟率下降近 29%； •使用 blu 后，每日吸烟量出现明显下降，两项研究的平均降幅接近 30%； •水果和薄荷等真实口味在参与者的"替烟"过程中发挥了关键作用，其中一项研究中，近 29% 的 参与者仅使用水果口味； •口味也促进了持续使用 blu 而非回归吸烟——在其中一项研究中，60% 的参与者表示计划未来购 买 blu，是因为喜欢其提供的口味； •长期追踪（大约六个月后）显示，约三分之一到四成的参与者已显著减少吸烟，或 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article indicates that the lithium battery manufacturing industry is experiencing a slowdown in expansion speed in 2024, leading to performance pressure on upstream equipment manufacturers like Yinghe Technology [1][4] - Yinghe Technology's revenue from lithium battery production equipment in 2024 was 4.951 billion yuan, a decrease of 19.41% compared to the previous year, with equipment sales volume dropping to 1,178 units [5] - Despite the overall market demand for lithium battery equipment slowing down, Yinghe Technology reported a significant increase in contract liabilities and new orders in the first quarter of 2024, indicating a recovery in demand [5] Group 2 - Yinghe Technology's second-largest business segment is electronic cigarettes, with "other business income" reaching 3.572 billion yuan in 2024, accounting for about 40% of the company's total revenue [6] - The company is expanding its electronic cigarette business into the North American market, which is the largest electronic cigarette market globally, and has already obtained sales licenses for three products [6] - The company anticipates that the proportion of pod-based electronic cigarettes will increase in the future due to regulatory impacts on disposable e-cigarettes in certain regions, particularly in Europe [6]

Core Viewpoint - Smoore International (06969.HK) experienced a significant stock price drop of 9.95%, closing at HKD 17.92 per share, with a market capitalization of HKD 110.9 billion and a trading volume of HKD 1.28 billion on the same day [2] Group 1: Shareholder Actions - EVE Lithium Energy (300014) plans to reduce its stake in Smoore International by up to 3.5% within a year through block trades and centralized bidding, involving approximately 216 million shares [4] - EVE Lithium currently holds 30.73% of Smoore's total share capital, and after the reduction, it will no longer be the controlling shareholder [4] - The market value of EVE Lithium's stake in Smoore International is approximately HKD 34.08 billion, with the planned reduction valued at HKD 3.882 billion [4] Group 2: Historical Performance and Financials - EVE Lithium has invested in Smoore International for over ten years, acquiring 50.1% of its predecessor in 2014 for HKD 439 million [5] - Smoore International went public in July 2020 at an issue price of HKD 12.4 per share and has since distributed nine cash dividends, yielding EVE Lithium nearly HKD 2 billion [5] - Smoore's revenue has declined from HKD 137.55 billion in 2021 to an estimated HKD 117.99 billion in 2024, with net profits dropping from HKD 52.87 billion to HKD 13.03 billion over the same period [5] Group 3: Market Opportunities and Challenges - Smoore International has struggled to capitalize on the disposable e-cigarette market but may benefit from recent bans on disposable e-cigarettes in major sales countries [5] - The company has seen improvements in its ODM business for vaping products, with its own brand revenue increasing to 21% [6] - Smoore is collaborating with British American Tobacco on HNB products, with plans for a new product launch in mid-2025 [6] - The company is investing in the medical nebulization sector, with a 41.3% increase in R&D spending in this area, although current revenue from medical nebulization remains low at HKD 27 million [6]

Summary of Earnings Call for Yingqu Technology Company Overview - Yingqu Technology has shifted from reliance on a single major client to a diversified business model, reducing the revenue contribution from its largest client to approximately 20% [2][7] - The company employs a UDM model, integrating UMS systems with ODM manufacturing, allowing early involvement in product development and deep client relationships [5] Key Business Segments Electronic Cigarettes - Yingqu Technology has established itself as a key supplier in the HNB (Heated Not Burned) sector, particularly with Philip Morris International, which holds over 70% market share [2][6] - The company has transitioned from supplying only external casings to providing complete devices and core heating modules, which is expected to drive future growth [9][12] - The electronic cigarette business is anticipated to continue expanding, with stable demand for complete devices and heating modules despite a decline in the demand for plastic casings [12][15] Home Engraving Machines - The home engraving machine segment peaked in 2021 but has since experienced a decline due to inventory adjustments by major clients [11][13] - Despite the downturn, this segment remains a core part of Yingqu Technology's business [11] Automotive Electronics and Health Environment - Future growth is expected from automotive electronics and health environment sectors, utilizing a model that supplies single products to multiple clients, which mitigates risks [16][19] - The automotive electronics sector has shown rapid growth, while the health environment segment is projected to recover starting in 2025 due to increasing global demand for air purifiers and health-focused products [19] Financial Performance - The net profit margin improved to 9% in Q1 2025, up from 7% for the entire previous year, attributed to effective cost management [3][17] - The company has set ambitious revenue growth targets of at least 25% and profit growth potentially exceeding this, driven by a stock incentive plan [18][24] Market Trends and Future Outlook - The new tobacco industry is expected to maintain a positive growth trajectory, particularly in mature overseas markets, with Yingqu Technology positioned to benefit from this trend [4][26] - The company anticipates achieving over 6 billion RMB in revenue and close to 1 billion RMB in profit within three years, reflecting strong growth potential [24][28] - Yingqu Technology's stock is viewed as having significant upside potential, especially as it recovers from previous lows [25][28] Strategic Initiatives - Yingqu Technology's overseas production capabilities, particularly in Malaysia and Mexico, are expected to enhance its ability to meet new orders and attract new clients [22] - The company is focused on diversifying its client base and product offerings to reduce dependency on any single client or product line [7][16] Conclusion - Yingqu Technology is on a positive growth trajectory, with strategic initiatives in place to enhance its market position across various sectors, particularly in electronic cigarettes and emerging markets like automotive electronics and health environment products. The company's proactive approach to client diversification and cost management is expected to yield favorable financial results in the coming years [23][28]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights significant movements in the Hong Kong and US stock markets, focusing on various companies' performances and the impact of regulatory changes on specific sectors. Group 1: Hong Kong Stock Market Highlights - Haitian Flavoring (03288) debuted with over a 3% increase, raising HKD 10 billion and holding a 6.2% global market share in soy sauce, leading the Chinese seasoning market with a 4.8% share [1] - Stablecoin concept stocks surged, with Lianlian Digital up 11%, Yika up 9%, and Zhong An Online up 8%, driven by the implementation of Hong Kong's stablecoin regulations [1] - Hezhima Intelligent (02533) rose over 3% as it plans to acquire an AI chip company to expand its automotive and edge AI product lines [1] - Delin Holdings (01709) increased over 3% with an expected annual profit growth of 10%-30% (to HKD 110-130 million) and its subsidiary Synaptic Technology securing tens of millions in A-round financing [1] - Jingtai Technology (02228) saw over a 4% rise, producing its first clinical candidate drug, PRMT5 inhibitor PE-0260, with clinical trials set to start in the second half of 2025 [1] - Gold stocks collectively fell, with Lingbao Gold and Zhu Feng Gold both down 4%, affected by a pullback in spot gold prices [1] - Innovent Biologics (01801) rose over 4% after obtaining global rights for GlycoT's ADC technology, with positive outlooks for IBI363/343's international potential [1] - Longpan Technology (02465) increased over 6% due to policy support accelerating solid-state battery industrialization, with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology allocating HKD 6 billion for special research [1] Group 2: Other Notable Movements - Simor International (06969) fell over 5% as shareholder Yiwei Lithium Energy announced a third reduction of 3.5% in its stake, dropping to 27% and losing control [2] - Fubo Group (03738) rose over 4% due to favorable policies for data asset REITs, with the company targeting annual AI business revenue in the million-dollar range [2] - Yadea Holdings (01585) increased over 4% with a projected 55% rise in H1 net profit to HKD 1.6 billion, driven by new national standards enhancing industry concentration [2] - Perfect Medical (01830) fell over 6% as medical beauty consumption shifted to Shenzhen and South Korea, with an expected 35% decline in annual profit [2] - Yunbai International (00030) surged over 15% after acquiring global distribution rights from its parent company Yunnan Baiyao, covering a full range of products including medicines and personal care [2] - Luk Fook Holdings (00590) dropped over 4% due to increased gold hedging losses from rising gold prices and high base effects from last year's acquisition of King of Gold [2] Group 3: US Stock Market Highlights - Brain Regen Technologies (RGC.US) fell over 18% after a 400% increase in the previous two days, as profit-taking occurred; the company focuses on liquid formulations for ADHD and autism [3] - Marvell Technology (MRVL.US) rose over 7% after announcing a collaboration to develop AI power solutions and launching a 2nm custom SRAM chip with leading bandwidth and energy efficiency [3] - Circle (CRCL.US) surged over 33% after the US Senate passed a stablecoin bill, boosting the stock's value by 410% since its listing [3] - The rare earth sector continued to rise, with MP Materials up 4.9% and USA Rare Earth up 5.58%, driven by policy support for strategic resource demand [3] - Wolfspeed (WOLF.US) fell over 30% amid reports of a potential bankruptcy agreement, despite the silicon carbide market projected to reach USD 29 billion by 2030 [3] - Odyssey Marine (OMEX.US) rose over 11% after Trump signed an executive order to expedite deep-sea mining permits, with a 93% increase year-to-date [3] - Huya (HUYA.US) increased over 3% as the "HYPER eSports Carnival" is set to open in Chengdu, boosting platform traffic and commercialization expectations [3] Group 4: Additional Notable Movements - AST SpaceMobile (ASTS.US) rose over 10%, with an 85% increase in June, partnering with Vodafone India to provide satellite connectivity to unconnected areas [4] - Arqit Quantum (ARQQ.US) surged over 22% after being selected for Oracle's defense ecosystem, highlighting the strategic value of quantum encryption technology [4] - Aptevo (APVO.US) skyrocketed over 81% due to a new leukemia drug showing an 85% response rate in frontline treatment [4] - Upstart (UPST.US) rose over 10% after Bank of America raised its target price to USD 56, maintaining a "hold" rating as the credit tech platform's valuation recovers [4] - Coinbase (COIN.US) increased over 16% as it plans to apply to the SEC for "tokenized stocks," opening new growth opportunities in traditional equity on-chain [5]

Group 1: Hong Kong Stocks - Lehua Entertainment (02306) surged over 24% due to strong market performance of its toy IP "WUKUKU," with multiple new products setting sales records and the theme song exceeding 1 billion views [1] - United Energy Group (00467) rose over 7% after signing a 15-year production increase contract with Uzbekistan's UNG, involving 57.8 billion cubic meters of oil and gas production, with an initial investment of $100 million to expand into Central Asia [1] - Smoore International (06969) fell over 3% as shareholder Yiwei Lithium Energy plans to reduce its stake by 3.5% (216 million shares), resulting in a decrease of its holding to 27.23%, no longer being the controlling shareholder [1] - New World Development (00200) dropped over 5% after completing a "2 for 1" rights issue, issuing 758 million shares and raising HKD 771 million, with oversubscription of 13 times [1] - Fourth Paradigm (06682) increased over 7% after launching AI solutions for the manufacturing industry, covering production optimization to supply chain intelligence upgrades [1] - Shandong High-Tech Holdings (00412) rose over 4% as Zhongtai Securities highlighted significant synergy between its new energy and digital infrastructure, with a data center PUE value of 1.15, enhancing financial integration [1] - KANAT Optical (02276) increased over 4% due to an explosion in the smart glasses market (e-commerce transactions up 8 times), with Meta collaborating with Oakley to launch AI glasses, positioning the company with leading 3C enterprises [1] Group 2: Other Notable Stocks - Sipai Health (00314) rose over 7% after partnering with Anruijiaer to develop customized insurance, planning to sell 6 pharmacies for 5.89 million to focus on core medical insurance business [2] - SF Express (09699) increased over 5% after raising its delivery service revenue cap for 2025/26 to HKD 12.8 billion / HKD 20.5 billion, with demand growth exceeding expectations [2] - Liufu Group (00590) fell over 3% as it projected a 40% decline in profits for the 2025 fiscal year, primarily due to gold hedging losses and high base effects from acquisition gains [2] - Zhenjiu Lidu (06979) rose over 4% after announcing Yao Annan as the "Cultural Heritage Ambassador" for liquor, leveraging Huawei-related topics to boost brand visibility [2] - Ideal Auto-W (02015) dropped over 4% as Meituan's Wang Xing sold 5.73 million shares for HKD 600 million, reducing his stake to 20.61% [2] - Health Road (02587) surged over 7% as its liver disease AI management platform was selected for Beijing's digital medical verification program, supporting WHO's "2030 Hepatitis Elimination" goal [2] - Gilead Sciences-B (01672) rose over 5% after its psoriasis oral drug ASC50 completed the first dosing in Phase I clinical trials in the U.S., targeting the IL-17 pathway [2] - China Silver Group (00815) increased over 10% after partnering with Zefeng Gold to acquire a 55% stake in a lead-zinc exploration company, gaining exploration rights over 50.8 square kilometers in Tibet [2] Group 3: U.S. Stocks - Verve Therapeutics (VERV.US) skyrocketed over 80% as Eli Lilly prepares to acquire the gene-editing company for up to $1.3 billion, with $1 billion as an upfront payment and $300 million contingent on specific clinical milestones [4] - Solar energy stocks plummeted, with Sunrun (RUN.US) down over 40%, Solaredge Technologies (SEDG.US) down over 41%, and First Solar (FSLR.US) down over 22%, following a Republican proposal in the U.S. Senate to terminate wind and solar tax credits by 2028, raising concerns about the industry's outlook [4] - Reddit (RDDT.US) rose over 6% after launching the AI advertising tool Reddit Insights, enhancing ad targeting through real-time user trend analysis [4] - Bitcoin-related stocks fell, with CleanSpark (CLSK.US) down over 7% and Riot Platforms (RIOT.US) down over 5%, as Bitcoin prices dropped nearly 2% to $105,580 amid escalating tensions in the Middle East and high leverage positions in the derivatives market [4] - AMD (AMD.US) continued to rise 0.56% after officially launching the Zen5 architecture Ryzen Threadripper processors, covering the workstation and desktop markets, with a market share close to 50% in China for Q1, although there are concerns about its cost-performance ratio [5] - Brain Regen Technologies (RGC.US) surged over 30% after announcing a 38-for-1 stock split, coupled with FDA clinical trial approval news, although its actual business has no revenue and a very small float, indicating significant retail speculation [6] - Jabil (JBL.US) rose over 8%, reaching a new all-time high of $202.5, with Q3 revenue increasing 15% year-on-year to $7.83 billion, raising its full-year revenue forecast to $29 billion and planning a $500 million investment to support AI data center infrastructure [6] - Niu Technologies (NIU.US) increased over 11% after launching its new NX Play electric motorcycle on Douyin, integrating a smart riding system to enhance user experience [6] - T-Mobile US (TMUS.US) fell nearly 4% as SoftBank sold 21.5 million shares at $224 each, a 3% discount, triggering market sell-off [6] - The pharmaceutical sector saw widespread declines, with Eli Lilly (LLY.US) down over 2% and Novo Nordisk (NVO.US) down over 3%, as concerns grew over the potential impact of the U.S. Senate tax bill on the industry, coupled with profit-taking ahead of some companies' earnings reports [6] - The gold sector declined, with Gold Fields (GFI.US) down over 2.1%, and spot gold fell 0.27% to $3,375.53, as easing tensions in the Middle East reduced safe-haven demand, alongside Citigroup's bearish long-term gold price forecast [7]

5月30日，我国新修订的《电子烟相关生产企业、批发企业烟草专卖许可证管理细则》开始施行， 推动电子烟产业治理进一步规范化、法治化。近日，记者从北京市石景山区检察院获悉，该院通过对一 起非法经营果味电子烟不起诉案开展行刑反向衔接，做实"后半篇文章"，强化了涉电子烟违法犯罪治 理。 破解"三跨"难题实现更好治理 买家发展为卖家 2023年5月，高某刷朋友圈时偶然发现有朋友在卖果味电子烟，宣称"无害解压""断货王"，有蓝 莓、可乐、芝士冰激凌等多种口味。跃跃欲试的高某立刻联系朋友下单。没想到，高某竟然从此一发不 可收拾，不仅自己上瘾后多次购买电子烟进行吸食，还决定涉足电子烟销售领域，以此作为生财之道。 此后，高某的朋友圈成了"电子烟销售平台"——每天发布着各种口味的电子烟售卖广告。一旦有买 家下单，高某就迅速联系上家，以低价拿货，上家则按照她提供的地址直接将电子烟快递发货给买家。 就这样，高某通过"货不经手"的隐蔽交易形式轻松赚取差价，与上家张某和杜某的合作也逐渐固定下 来。生意似乎越做越顺手。 平静的生活很快被打破，2023年8月，张某因涉嫌非法经营被警方抓获。在调查张某销售网络的过 程中，警方顺藤摸瓜找到了高某 ...

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of the Electronic Cigarette Management Measures has led to a reduction in the sale of flavored e-cigarettes in physical stores, but online sales and hidden transactions continue to thrive, indicating regulatory loopholes and challenges in consumer awareness [1][14][24] Regulatory Measures - The Electronic Cigarette Management Measures, effective from May 1, 2022, include prohibitions on the sale of flavored e-cigarettes (except tobacco flavor), sales to minors, and the use of vending machines for e-cigarette sales, along with product traceability and warning labels [1] - Despite these regulations, some stores claim compliance while still facilitating the sale of flavored e-cigarettes through hidden channels [1][5] Market Dynamics - Physical stores prominently display signs prohibiting sales to minors and claim to sell only tobacco-flavored products, yet there is evidence of flavored e-cigarettes being sold to familiar customers [2][5] - Online platforms and social media have become primary channels for purchasing flavored e-cigarettes, with consumers reporting ease of access through these means [7][13] Consumer Behavior - Many consumers, particularly younger individuals, perceive e-cigarettes as a healthier alternative to traditional cigarettes, leading to misconceptions about their safety [23][24] - The marketing strategies on social media heavily emphasize the benefits of e-cigarettes, with a significant portion of content promoting their use while downplaying health risks [23] Regulatory Effectiveness - A report from Fudan University indicates that while the number of stores selling flavored e-cigarettes has decreased, online sales remain prevalent, highlighting the need for stricter enforcement of regulations [14][24] - The report suggests that the marketing of e-cigarettes should be regulated similarly to tobacco advertising to mitigate their appeal, especially to minors [24]

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry Overview - **E-Cigarettes**: The global e-cigarette market is projected to reach approximately $18.3 billion in 2024, with an expected CAGR of 10.2% until 2031, reaching $35.6 billion. North America holds 40-50% market share, Europe 20-30%, and Asia-Pacific around 20% [17][17][17]. - **Trendy Toys**: The trendy toy market in China is expected to grow from ¥727 billion in 2024 at a growth rate of 26%, with the overall market size projected to reach ¥993.7 billion by 2028 [17][17][17]. - **New Energy Power Systems**: The first batch of pilot projects for new energy power systems has been initiated, focusing on grid technology, smart microgrids, and virtual power plants [17][17][17]. Company Highlights E-Cigarette Sector - **Smoore International**: Stock surged by 12.87% on June 4, 2025, continuing its upward trend since April [17][17][17]. - **China Tobacco**: Market share in heated non-combustible (HNB) products increased by 3.5 percentage points to 29.7% [17][17][17]. - **Huabao**: Leading in the flavor and fragrance industry, developing low-boiling point, high-volatility flavors for HNB products [17][17][17]. - **Jinjia**: Invested in Yunnan Yunshuo for e-cigarette oil and HNB flavor development, with its FOOGO brand leading in disposable e-cigarettes [17][17][17]. Trendy Toys Sector - **High乐股份**: Dominates the trendy toy market with 96.18% revenue from toys, focusing on blind boxes and plush toys [17][17][17]. - **Aoya**: Transitioning from pure IP content to "IP + Scene," providing operational services for over 250 projects across 50 cities [17][17][17]. - **Star Shine Entertainment**: 34.2% of revenue from toys, with a diversified channel system covering various retail formats [17][17][17]. New Energy Sector - **Xiexin Energy**: Focused on green electricity and heat power generation, developing virtual power plant models [17][17][17]. - **Henghua Technology**: Established a virtual power plant energy technology unit to explore the renewable energy market [17][17][17]. Other Notable Companies - **Cuihua Jewelry**: A century-old brand in gold jewelry, with 71.49% of revenue from gold products, expanding into children's jewelry [19][19][19]. - **Jiamai Packaging**: Building a full-industry beverage service platform, with significant growth in orders from major beverage brands [19][19][19]. - **Nongfu Spring**: Continues to innovate in beverage offerings, including craft beers and fruit-flavored drinks [19][19][19]. Market Dynamics - **E-Cigarette Market**: The value distribution shows upstream (raw materials) at 10-15%, midstream (manufacturing) at over 20%, and downstream (brands and channels) at over 55% [17][17][17]. - **Trendy Toy Market**: The Z generation (born 1995-2010) contributes 40% of the consumption share, indicating a shift in consumer demographics [17][17][17]. - **New Energy Initiatives**: The focus on integrating computing power with energy projects aims to enhance the efficiency of data centers and renewable energy sources [17][17][17]. Additional Insights - **Market Trends**: The rise of "self-consumption" trends in the toy market, with blind boxes and collectible cards gaining popularity [17][17][17]. - **Investment Opportunities**: Companies involved in e-cigarettes and trendy toys are positioned for significant growth, driven by changing consumer preferences and market expansion [17][17][17]. - **Regulatory Environment**: The new energy sector is supported by government initiatives, promoting the development of sustainable energy solutions [17][17][17].

Group 1: Market Reactions and Political Developments - The market anticipates favorable policies from the Lujiazui Forum, reflected in a 0.60% increase in the Hang Seng Index [1] - The election of Lee Jae-myung as South Korea's president led to a 2.66% rise in the KOSPI index, entering a technical bull market, with a target of 5000 points set by Lee [1] - Lee's political agenda includes promoting cryptocurrency ETF legalization and establishing a regulatory framework for stablecoins, benefiting companies like OSL Group [1] Group 2: Rare Earth Export Controls and Automotive Industry - China's rare earth export controls have raised concerns among global automakers about potential production delays, prompting urgent discussions for alternative solutions [2] - Jinli Permanent Magnet reported a 14.19% year-on-year revenue increase to 1.754 billion yuan and a 57.85% rise in net profit, with expectations of a 20-30% production increase this year [2] - Lithium resource stocks, including Longpan Technology and Tianqi Lithium, saw gains exceeding 4% [2] Group 3: Energy Sector Developments - Meta signed a 20-year contract with Constellation Energy to purchase nuclear power starting mid-2027, highlighting the shift towards low-carbon energy sources [3] - China General Nuclear Power's stock surged over 28% following a uranium sales agreement with its parent company, indicating strong market interest in nuclear energy [3] - Other green energy stocks, such as Shankai Holdings, also experienced significant gains [3] Group 4: Biotechnology and Clinical Research - Innovent Biologics presented promising Phase I clinical trial data for its dual-specific antibody IBI363 at the ASCO annual meeting, leading to a stock increase of over 14% [4] - Other biotech firms, including Junshi Biosciences and Innovent, reached annual highs, indicating strong investor interest in the sector [4] Group 5: Consumer Market Trends - TOPTOY, a trendy toy platform, is preparing for an IPO, capitalizing on the booming market for collectible toys [5] - Other consumer stocks, such as Mixue Group and Maogeping, also saw significant increases, reflecting a collective bullish sentiment in the consumer sector [5] - The new regulations on e-cigarette production in China are expected to enhance investor confidence in the industry, with related stocks like Smoore International rising over 13% [5] Group 6: Data Center Industry Insights - Neway Network Group is positioned to benefit from the doubling demand for data centers in the Asia-Pacific region, driven by AI and digital transformation [8] - The company is expanding its data center capacity significantly, with projects like MEGAIDC expected to enhance its operational capabilities [9][10] - The firm has established itself as a leading interconnection hub in Asia, with major clients including Amazon AWS and Alibaba [10]