Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trends in Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Producer Price Index (PPI), highlighting a recovery in CPI year-on-year growth and an expansion in the year-on-year decline of PPI, influenced by various seasonal and input factors [1][2][4]. CPI Analysis - In March, the CPI year-on-year decline narrowed to -0.1%, a decrease of 0.6 percentage points from the previous month, while the core CPI significantly rebounded to 0.5% [1][4]. - The main drag on the CPI was food prices, which fell by 1.4% month-on-month, contributing approximately 60% to the total CPI decline [6][4]. - Seasonal factors, such as warmer weather leading to increased fresh food supply, and a tourism off-season causing a drop in travel-related prices, were significant contributors to the CPI's month-on-month decline [1][6]. - Excluding food and energy, the core CPI showed improvement, with a year-on-year increase of 0.5%, indicating a potential positive impact from consumption-boosting policies [1][4]. PPI Analysis - The PPI year-on-year decline expanded to -2.5% in March, an increase of 0.3 percentage points from the previous month, with production materials experiencing a decline of -2.8% [9][10]. - Input factors, including falling international oil prices and weakened domestic demand, significantly influenced the PPI's month-on-month and year-on-year performance [2][10]. - Specific industries, such as coal mining and oil extraction, saw notable price declines, with coal mining prices dropping by 14.9% [9][10]. - Despite the overall decline, some high-tech industries showed price improvements, with educational and pharmaceutical equipment prices increasing by 7.6% and 6.1%, respectively [9][10].

文 ： 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 联系人： 陆银波（15210860866） 报告目录 报告正文 一、基调：强调"动态调整" 我们对比 2024 年和 2025 年政府工作报告的两个地方的表述。一是面临的困难和挑战。二是政策取向。今年的困难和 挑战部分对外部环境的描述篇幅大幅增加，字数上去年为 40 个字，今年为 149 个字。较为关注外部环境对我国贸 易、科技、全球产业链供应链、全球市场预期的冲击。这样的环境之外，相应的政策取向部分更加强调相机抉 择。"根据形势变化动态调整政策，把握政策取向，讲求时机力度。" 动态调整包括哪些？ 从今年政府工作报告来看，至少包括货币政策的"适时降准降息"、资本市场领域的"加强战略性 力量储备和稳市机制建设"、投资领域的"强化项目储备和要素保障"。房地产领域的"因城施策调减限制性措施"等。 从往年经验来看，或同样可能包括财政政策的加码 。例如 2023 年的增发国债， 2024 年的"增加 6 万亿元地方政府债 务限额置换存量隐性债务"、 2024 年的"一次性安排中央单位上缴专项收益"等。 | | 2024 年 ...