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美国对我们出口归零!南美崛起,大豆贸易格局巨变背后政策博弈与农场困局
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-03 21:41
海风吹过码头,吊车停着,只有水声在金属之间回荡。这是往年不会出现的静。每到新作上市的季节,美国各港常常昼夜装船,车队蜿蜒至公路尽头。如 今,9月的海面像退了温。9月23日,美国农业部公布最新统计,对华大豆出口订单一栏醒目地写着"零"。同一份数据还显示,全国大豆库存已压到4.2亿蒲 式耳,创近五年来高位。换算成重量,大约相当于一千一百多万吨豆子,正躺在仓里吃灰。 冷清的码头与不见的订单 对于美国农民而言,中国不只是一个"重要客户",而是长年累月稳稳当当地最大买家。订单消失的背后,资金链的声音最刺耳:仓满则款紧,贷款周转难, 设备检修也得往后排。去年此时,爱荷华州的约翰·威尔逊已经卖掉了自家2000英亩大豆产量的八成;今年,他只卖出了15%。他开始盘算改种玉米,可亩 均约200美元的转换成本像一道坎。种植结构不是说改就改,播种、肥料、收割机的设置、与粮仓的交割协议,都要重来一遍。 政策强硬的另一面 几天后,9月27日,美国国土安全部发布文件,把"加征关税的征收工作"划入政府停摆期间的必要职能之列。这意味着就算联邦政府因预算分歧短暂关门, 关税也不会停。关税征收的实际执行者是隶属国土安全部的海关与边境保护局,它在停 ...
美国大豆滞销后,特朗普通知中国,谈判议题变了,谢锋说了12个字
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-03 20:04
过去几十年,中国是美国大豆的最大买家,常年占美国出口的六成以上。 每年秋收时节,美国农民把仓库装得满满当当,然后就等着中国买单,但今年情况完全变了。 数据显示,自今年5月起,中国一颗美国大豆都没买。 到9月底,美国《纽约时报》甚至强调,这在近30年历史里都是第一次。 美国豆农眼看丰收变成滞销,价格不断下跌,抱怨声冲到华盛顿,直接怼上特朗普的关税政策。 美国大豆"烂在地里" 中美贸易战打起来后,美国大豆种植户的日子就一天比一天难熬,眼瞅着秋收季到了,地里的大豆却成 了烫手山芋。 以前每到这个时候,美国农民的仓库早就为装要发往中国的大豆腾好了地方,可现在仓库里堆得满满当 当的全是卖不出去的大豆,有的甚至都开始发霉了。 大豆价格更是一跌再跌,直接跌破了成本线,农民们看着这些大豆,心里别提多着急了。 但就在美国农民为大豆滞销发愁的时候,南美国家可没闲着,尤其是巴西和阿根廷,直接"趁火打劫"。 巴西凭借着零关税的优势,再加上稳定的供应,在9月份的时候,一下子就向中国出口了40船大豆,赚 得盆满钵满。 阿根廷更狠,米莱政府一边拿着美国的援助,一边转头就对中国免征大豆出口税,这操作直接让美国农 民气不打一处来。 而中国这边 ...
美国农业再传噩耗:对华出口锐减,特朗普却补贴阿根廷
财富FORTUNE· 2025-10-03 13:12
对美国农村的经济影响 美国农业再次传来噩耗。图片来源:Getty Images 农民群体一向是特朗普的铁票仓之一。但是特朗普政府近期扩大了对阿根廷的经济支持,这一举动却引发了美 国农民群体的愤怒。 美国财政部长斯科特・贝森特上周三在社交媒体上表示,他和特朗普近日就向阿根廷提供 经济支持,助力阿根廷经济稳定,与阿根廷总统米莱进行了深入交流。贝森特在X上表示,美国财政部正与阿根 廷磋商,计划与阿根廷央行建立200亿美元的货币互换管道。为了增加资本流动,阿根廷上周还暂停了包括大豆 等产品在内的出口税。 据路透社援引来自多名贸易商的消息,在与美国谈判期间,阿根廷还加强了与中国的贸 易合作,中国还从阿根廷订购了至少10船大豆。 这些举措对种植大豆的美国农民造成了沉重打击,因为美国大 豆严重依赖对华出口。但是今年的大豆丰收季节,美国大豆却因为关税问题导致出口价格上涨,而在全球市场 上失去了竞争力。美国农业部的周出口总结数据显示,自5月份以来,中国再未购买过美国大豆。 美国大豆协会 主席凯莱布・拉格兰上周三在一份声明中表示:"美国豆农的失望情绪已经难以遏制。美国的大豆收购价格正在 下跌,收割工作正在进行,而农民们看到的新闻 ...
别笑特朗普卖大豆,能掐住美国七寸的,不是芯片,而是小小的黄豆
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-03 11:55
Core Insights - The article discusses the impact of the US-China trade war on the soybean market, highlighting the shift in China's soybean sourcing from the US to Brazil, which has significant implications for US farmers and the political landscape in the Midwest [1][3][15] Economic Impact - The US soybean market heavily relies on exports, with China previously accounting for up to 60% of US soybean exports. However, this share has dropped to 18% as Brazil has become the largest supplier to China [3] - In 2025, despite a bumper crop in the US, soybean prices are expected to plummet, leading to a significant reduction in farmers' incomes [5] - The political ramifications are evident as key Republican states, which are major soybean producers, are experiencing discontent among farmers towards Trump's policies [5][7] Political Dynamics - The article notes that the US government has attempted to mitigate the situation by negotiating trade agreements that require other countries to purchase US agricultural products, but these measures have proven ineffective [7][9] - The Republican Party is considering reallocating funds from nutritional assistance to support farmers, but this aid may not arrive in time to address immediate concerns [9] Global Market Dynamics - The US is the second-largest producer and exporter of soybeans, traditionally holding significant pricing power in the global market. However, major grain companies dominate over 80% of the global grain trade, influencing soybean prices [11] - China is actively working to increase its influence in the soybean market by developing its futures market and diversifying its import sources beyond the US, including Brazil, Argentina, and Russia [13][15] Future Outlook - The article suggests that as China continues to diversify its soybean imports and enhance its domestic production capabilities, the US's reliance on the Chinese market may diminish, altering the global agricultural trade landscape [15]
美国大豆丰收中国不买,“特朗普考虑100亿美元援助”
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-03 08:37
Group 1 - The article discusses the potential for the U.S. government to provide financial aid to farmers, particularly soybean growers, due to the ongoing trade tensions with China and the lack of soybean purchases from China [1][2][5] - President Trump is considering using tariff revenue as a source for this aid, with discussions around a potential aid package ranging from $10 billion to $14 billion [1][2] - The U.S. Department of Agriculture reported that as of September 18, no soybean shipments had been booked by Chinese buyers for the new sales season, marking the first time since 1999 that this has occurred [2][5] Group 2 - The article highlights the significant economic impact of the trade conflict on U.S. soybean farmers, with estimates indicating that over 70% of the total losses among U.S. farmers were incurred by soybean growers [5] - In the previous trade conflict, the U.S. government provided approximately $23 billion in compensation to farmers, but many farmers are now seeking long-term solutions rather than temporary aid [5][6] - The article notes that Brazil has significantly increased its soybean exports to China, surpassing 2 billion bushels, while U.S. soybean exports to China have drastically declined [5][6] Group 3 - The upcoming APEC meeting is expected to be a platform for discussions between U.S. and Chinese leaders regarding agricultural purchases, including soybeans [1][9] - U.S. Treasury Secretary mentioned that significant breakthroughs in trade negotiations could occur during the APEC meeting, which may include discussions on agricultural procurement [10] - The article emphasizes the pressure on Trump from Republican lawmakers in agricultural states to resolve the soybean purchasing deadlock with China [2][5]
中国停买美国大豆,掀起20年布局反击战:美农急疯,我们赢麻了!
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-03 05:42
Core Viewpoint - The narrative surrounding China's investment in Brazil for soybean cultivation, which claims to harm the rainforest and global climate, is often driven by vested interests rather than environmental concerns [1] Group 1: Historical Context - Over 20 years ago, China's soybean industry was weak, suffering significant losses during the first soybean "trade war," leading to the closure of 90% of domestic soybean processing enterprises [4] - By 2025, U.S. soybean stocks began to accumulate, with 30 million tons unsold, as China shifted away from reliance on U.S. imports due to historical price volatility and inflation concerns [5] Group 2: Investment in Brazil - In 2010, Chongqing Grain Group invested nearly 6 billion in Brazil, acquiring over 3 million acres for a full supply chain in soybean production, storage, and transportation [7] - Following criticism from Western nations regarding environmental impacts, China adapted its strategy to collaborate with local firms rather than direct land purchases, with COFCO Group taking over in 2014 to control logistics and processing [7] Group 3: Economic and Political Gains - The successful strategy not only met China's soybean demand but also facilitated trade in renminbi, enhancing foreign exchange stability and promoting the internationalization of the currency [8] - Brazil has increasingly aligned its diplomatic stance with China, evidenced by investments from Chinese companies and the presence of Chinese automotive and technology firms in Brazil [8] Group 4: Global Strategy - China's approach in Brazil has been replicated globally, with partnerships in Southeast Asia and Africa, focusing on resource cooperation and infrastructure development, further stabilizing resource supply and promoting renminbi usage [10] Group 5: Strategic Vision - The evolution of China's soybean industry from reactive measures to a comprehensive global strategy reflects 20 years of strategic foresight, breaking U.S. dominance in the global food market and establishing a self-sufficient supply chain [12]
特朗普也无力回天,中国下单10船阿根廷大豆,美国豆农撑不住了
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-03 04:58
9月23日,记者就"中国是否会增加采购美国大豆"的问题,向中国相关部门询问。外交部发言人回应表示,具体问题应由相关主管部门解答,并强调关税战 和贸易战并不符合任何一方的利益,双方应在平等、尊重、互惠的基础上解决争端。 然而,大豆问题只是特朗普面临的一部分挑战。一个更为严重的问题是稀土。稀土元素对美国的高科技产业和军工产业至关重要。随着中国对稀土资源的控 制,美国的技术领域正面临风险。特朗普在关税问题上对中国做出让步,正是因为美国无法轻易摆脱对中国稀土的依赖。 最近,美洲大豆市场发生了一些微妙的变化。作为全球最大的大豆进口国,中国在购买美洲大豆时,逐渐将目光从巴西转向阿根廷,但却几乎不再从美国采 购。这一变化引起了美国大豆行业的关注。 9月19日,美国大豆协会主席拉格兰在接受美广播公司采访时透露,美国大豆正面临严峻形势。尽管此时正值美国大豆丰收季节,但中国的采购量却为零。 他呼吁特朗普政府采取行动,强调美国的大豆种植者迫切需要中国市场的支持。拉格兰的言论实际上是在请求特朗普关注这一问题,毕竟,美国的大豆种植 者群体是特朗普竞选的重要支持者之一,但现在他们的国际市场份额正在逐步受到威胁。 如今,全球不可替代的商品 ...
阿根廷见缝插针,向中国售卖20船大豆后,美国豆农反应更强烈了
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-02 19:12
阿根廷20船大豆撬动的全球贸易战,美国豆农在焦虑中等待转机 一、关税战下的市场份额流失:美国豆农的"绝望收割季" 2025年9月,美国中西部农田里,收割机轰隆作响,但农场主们脸上不见丰收的喜悦。 "大豆价格从每蒲式耳15美元暴跌到9美元,我今年可能损失40万美 元! "威斯康星州豆农雷伯特攥着枯萎的豆荚,语气苦涩。 他的焦虑代表了许多美国豆农的现状:中国订单量至今为零,而往年此时,美国新季大豆应有 8?%被中国预订。 问题的根源直指关税政策。 美国大豆协会主席拉格兰坦言:"不是阿根廷抢了市场,是关税把机会拱手让人。 " 2025年4月,中国对美大豆加征10%关税, 综合税率达13%,美豆进口成本每吨增加335元,较巴西大豆价差扩大至500元以上。 结果残酷:2025年上半年,中国自美大豆进口量同比下降39%,美国 在中国市场的份额从巅峰期的60%萎缩至21%。 二、阿根廷的"免税窗口":经济危机中的务实选择 面对国内140%的通胀率和见底的外汇储备,阿根廷总统米莱在9月24日打出"生存牌":暂取消谷物出口税,大豆关税从26%降为零。 政策立竿见影,两天 内,中国进口商扫货20船(130万吨),为阿根廷创收超7 ...
来不及了!美国彻底死心:今年468万吨大豆,全部砸在特朗普手里
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-02 07:22
今年的美国大豆市场可谓一片混乱。特朗普刚在2025年1月宣誓就职没多久,就对中国商品加征关税,打算保护美国制造业。但事情没按预期发展,反而先 伤到了美国自己的农业。 从5月份开始,中国彻底停止购买美国大豆,把订单转向巴西和阿根廷。结果,美国中西部的豆农手里堆着468万吨存货,卖不出去,价格一路下跌。美国农 业部9月的报告显示,今年前7个月美国对华农产品出口大跌53%,大豆几乎没有成交。要知道,去年同期中国还是美国大豆的最大买家,采购额高达126亿 美元,如今却一单未下。 对于美国豆农来说,打击尤为沉重。中西部的伊利诺伊、爱荷华、明尼苏达、内布拉斯加和印第安纳州是大豆主产区,占全国产量的40%。过去,中国会买 走一半产量,另一半由国内消化。如今出口受阻,库存不断增加。农业部预计,2025/26年度美国大豆出口量仅有4640万吨,比去年少700万吨。价格也跌破 每蒲式耳8美元,连成本都覆盖不了。8月份的交易数据显示,期货价格暴跌40%,不少农场主面临破产风险。仓库爆满、霉变问题频发,甚至部分加工厂开 始裁员。 白宫也尝试安抚农民。7月中旬,农业部长维尔萨克在白宫汇报情况后,特朗普同意设立援助基金,用关税收入补贴农 ...
中国拒绝购买美国大豆,美方急眼了:拼着白宫停摆,也要加税!
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-02 03:42
中国拒绝购买美国大豆,这让美国高层彻底坐不住了,国土安全局也要横插一手,对中国叫嚣称:就算制裁到白宫停摆,也要对中国继续加税。大豆问题如 何反映美国当下的处境?我国又如何回应的呢? 据路透社报道,当地时间9月28日,美国农业部公布数据显示,新一季度的美国大豆已经开始对外销售,但截止目前收到的中企订单依旧为零,相比较去年 同期650万吨的进口订单,这已经不是惨淡能够形容的了。 作为美国大豆的最大买家,2024年中国进口2210万吨,占美国全面出口份额的42%。但是从今年5月开始,中国就没有对美国发出任何一份大豆采购订单, 查阅资料发现,这是27年以来首次出现这种情况。 对此,金融时报在报道中表示,美国头号农产品出口跌停,中国拒绝购买美国大豆对豆农的打击是"毁灭性"的。美国大豆农户也表示,就算和中国达成了协 议,今年的收获季节也过去了。 要知道,中美已经连谈四场,但依旧没有在关税战问题上达成最终和解,按照此前一个月谈一次的频率,下一场也要到10月底,美国大豆的收获季节的确已 经过去,双方能否谈成还是个未知数,或许能够放开少量订单进口,但这对美国豆农而言依旧是惨痛的损失,甚至很多人要因此而破产。 那么原本要从美国采 ...