Group 1 - The opening of the Xi'an to Yan'an high-speed railway marks a significant milestone, pushing China's high-speed rail operational mileage to over 50,000 kilometers, enhancing convenience for citizens and boosting industrial development [1] - The completion of the Uwei Expressway reduces travel time from Urumqi to Korla from 7 hours to 3.5 hours, facilitating the timely market entry of seasonal products like Korla pears [3] - The Guizhou Huajiang Gorge Bridge, measuring 2,890 meters in length and 625 meters above water, drastically cuts travel time from over two hours to just two minutes, showcasing engineering advancements [5] Group 2 - The "artificial sun," a superconducting tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device, achieved a world record of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1,000 seconds, indicating a major leap from basic science to engineering practice in fusion energy research [7] - The Jiangmen neutrino experiment successfully completed the infusion of 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator and is now operational, becoming the world's first large-scale, high-precision neutrino facility [8]

新华社合肥12月28日电（记者戴威、何曦悦）28日，由中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物 理研究所承担的国际热核聚变实验堆ITER校正场线圈采购包圆满完成全部制造任务，最后4个线圈在安 徽合肥顺利竣工交付。 据了解，作为ITER中国工作组重要单位之一，中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究 所承担了超导导体、校正场线圈、磁体馈线、电源、诊断等众多采购包及数十项现金合同，占我国承担 ITER采购包任务的大部分。 ITER校正场线圈共有三组18个线圈，分别均匀分布于ITER装置主机的顶部、中部、底部三个区 域，是ITER装置主机最重要的磁体系统之一。校正场线圈能否成功研制并如期完成安装，直接影响 ITER装置等离子体运行参数。 【纠错】 【责任编辑:张樵苏】 ITER校正场线圈尺寸大，焊接要求高，尺寸变形控制要求严格，测试环境和验收指标苛刻。 研究人员表示，ITER校正场线圈采购包由中国100%自主研发和制造，从2010年开始预研和认证， 2016年开始批量化研制，校正场线圈采购包历时15年完成竣工交付，推动了我国在超导磁体工程领域的 跨越，彰显了全超导托卡马克大科学团队在国际大科学计划中的深度融合与创 ...

在中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所的控制大厅，屏幕上的曲线记录着近亿摄氏度等 离子体的脉动。我们作为科研人员，常常要在凌晨守着操作台，看着设备运行。束流瞬间点亮、磁约束 逐步稳定——我们正在探索聚变能源。 "人造太阳"，旨在实现可控核聚变。依靠三大关键装置平台，我们正一步一个脚印，前行在可控核聚变 研究科学探索与工程实现的道路上。随着一次次攻坚、一个个突破，我愈发笃信，"人造太阳"并非遥远 的浪漫，而是渐行渐近的现实。 科学的浪漫，需要理性的认知与坚持。造"太阳"的第一步，是造一个强大的容器，能够承载超高温和超 低温，受得了"一米之外，冰火两重天"，让等离子体稳态运行并产生核反应。造"太阳"这条无人之路的 开端，就荆棘遍布。没有超导材料、没有经验可循、没有标准可依，超大电流、超强磁场、超高真空成 为"卡脖子"难题，让人看不清前路。没有路，就用自己的脚印走成路。19年超过15万次放电，如今的全 超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置（EAST）能够在1亿摄氏度实现1066秒稳态运行，比太阳更炙热。这份炙 热，源自数十年的科研热情、四代人的薪火相传。 有些梦想看似遥不可及，耐下心，便会一点点实现。聚变堆主机关键 ...

Group 1: Aerospace and Nuclear Fusion Achievements - China has made significant breakthroughs in aerospace and nuclear fusion, showcasing its hard power capabilities [1] - The "International Scientific Program for Burning Plasma" was officially launched in Hefei, Anhui, with the BEST device set to validate long-pulse steady-state operation by the end of 2027 [2] Group 2: Lunar Construction and Space Missions - The first batch of "lunar bricks" has successfully returned to Earth after a year-long space exposure experiment, weighing approximately 100 grams [3] - The Shenzhou-22 spacecraft was successfully launched as China's first emergency mission, carrying essential supplies and equipment to the space station [4] Group 3: Maritime Engineering - The new generation of ultra-large dredging vessel "Tongjun" has successfully completed all sea trials and is ready for operational use, boasting the largest hold capacity in Asia at 38,168 cubic meters [5][9] Group 4: Environmental Technology - The world's first aerosol-meteorological coupled forecasting AI model has been tested and is now operational, capable of providing high-precision environmental meteorological forecasts [10]

在安徽合肥未来大科学城，来自法国、英国、德国等十余个国家的聚变科学家共同签署发布了《合肥聚 变宣言》，倡导开放共享与合作共赢精神，鼓励各国的科研人员到中国开展聚变合作研究。 近年来，中国核聚变研究加速，多次打破世界纪录，等离子体物理研究所是全球最大"人造太阳"国际热 核聚变实验堆（ITER）中方任务的主要承担单位之一，并与50多个国家120余家科研机构建立了稳定的 合作关系。 记者：屈彦、戴威、何曦悦 0:00 中国科学院"燃烧等离子体"国际科学计划项目24日正式启动，面向全球开放包括紧凑型聚变能实验装置 BEST在内的多个领先的聚变能实验装置及平台，协同攻关科学难题，携手点亮人类清洁能源的未来。 根据国际科学计划，中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所将面向全球开放多个核聚变大 科学装置平台，通过设立开放科研基金、资助高频次专家互访交流、搭建联合实验平台等，围绕聚变物 理前沿问题开展合作研究。 新华社音视频部制作 ...

Core Insights - The CRAFT project, led by the Hefei Institute of Physical Science, has made significant progress with the successful testing and acceptance of the prototype component of the divertor, which is crucial for fusion reactors [1][2] - The prototype divertor component has achieved a steady-state thermal load capacity of 20 megawatts per square meter, marking it as the largest and highest thermal load divertor prototype designed in China [1] - The innovative design of the divertor includes a hybrid divertor cladding integration scheme, theoretically increasing the tritium breeding ratio by over 3%, providing an effective pathway for achieving tritium self-sufficiency [1] Technical Achievements - The divertor prototype's design allows for effective temperature control of the tungsten surface, keeping it below the recrystallization temperature, thus achieving ultra-high thermal load [1] - The development process has established stable quality routes through hot isostatic pressing and brazing explosion welding, promoting the advancement of domestic fusion reactor materials such as potassium tungsten, dispersion-strengthened copper, and low-activation steel [1] Future Applications - The successful development of the divertor prototype signifies that China's divertor research and development capabilities are now self-controlled, laying a solid technical foundation for future engineering applications in fusion reactors [2] - The related technologies can also support other fusion devices facing plasma components and can be extended to applications in aerospace, high-end medical equipment, industrial electronics, and new energy vehicles [2]

Core Insights - The CRAFT project, led by the Hefei Institute of Physical Science, has achieved significant progress with the successful testing and acceptance of the prototype component for the divertor, which is crucial for fusion reactors [1][2] - The prototype's steady-state thermal load capacity reached 20 megawatts per square meter, and the alignment error of the target plate surface to the plasma is less than 1 millimeter, marking it as the largest and highest thermal load divertor prototype designed in China [1] - The innovative design of the hybrid divertor cladding integration is expected to enhance the tritium breeding ratio by over 3%, providing an effective means for achieving tritium self-sufficiency [1] Technical Developments - The divertor prototype is a key component among 19 systems in the CRAFT project, indicating that China's divertor research and development capabilities have become self-controlled [2] - The successful development of this component lays a solid technical foundation for future engineering applications of divertors in Chinese fusion reactors [2] - The technology developed can also support other fusion devices facing plasma components and has potential applications in aerospace, high-end medical equipment, industrial electronics, and new energy vehicles [2]

Core Insights - The CRAFT (Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology) project has achieved significant progress with the successful testing and acceptance of the prototype component of the divertor, which is crucial for fusion reactors [1][3] - The prototype component demonstrated a steady-state thermal load capacity of 20 megawatts per square meter and a target plate alignment error of less than 1 millimeter, marking it as the largest and highest thermal load divertor prototype designed independently in China [1][3] Summary by Categories - **Technological Advancements** - The divertor prototype features an innovative integrated design for the mixed divertor cladding, theoretically increasing the tritium breeding ratio by over 3%, providing an effective auxiliary method for achieving tritium self-sufficiency [3] - **Project Significance** - The successful development of the divertor prototype is a key milestone within the 19 systems of the CRAFT project, indicating that China's divertor research and development capabilities have reached a level of independent control [3] - This achievement lays a solid technical foundation for the future engineering applications of divertors in Chinese fusion reactors [3]

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" outlines 102 major engineering projects aimed at meeting national needs and public expectations, with significant progress reported and completion expected by year-end [1] Group 1: Major Engineering Projects - The 102 major engineering projects are transforming daily life, with significant advancements in transportation, water conservancy, technology innovation, and ecological construction [2][3] - The Baotou to Yinchuan high-speed railway is set to reduce travel time from 6 hours to under 3 hours, with full operation expected soon [2] - The first phase of the "Yinhan Jihua" water diversion project is supplying half of Xi'an's daily water needs, with the second phase projected to provide an annual water supply of 1 billion cubic meters [2] Group 2: Technological and Ecological Advances - Major technological breakthroughs include the successful landing of the "Zhurong" Mars rover and advancements in quantum computing and nuclear fusion [3] - Ecological initiatives such as the "Three North" project and desertification control efforts are making significant strides in environmental protection [3] Group 3: Future Planning and Coordination - Local and national authorities are actively working to ensure the successful completion of the 102 major projects, with a focus on enhancing infrastructure and boosting domestic demand [4] - The National Development and Reform Commission plans to strengthen inter-departmental collaboration and prepare for the "15th Five-Year Plan," which will continue to focus on high-quality development and innovation [4]