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列国鉴|记者观察:德国加码发展军工 打造经济复苏引擎
Xin Hua Wang· 2025-09-26 00:54
新华社柏林9月25日电(记者李函林)作为欧洲经济"火车头"的德国,已连续两年陷入衰退。德国 政府近期大幅加码军工产业投资,以此为疲弱的国家经济注入强心针。 在政策引导下,德国军工产业迎来一波投资和扩张热潮。不过,专家提醒,防务投入对经济的拉升 作用有其局限性,难以成为经济复苏的主引擎。 2024年5月17日,一架飞机在位于柏林的德国科技博物馆航空展区展出。新华社记者任鹏飞摄 迎来历史机遇 长期依赖出口的德国经济近年来遭遇能源价格冲击、产业转型滞后等多重困难,下行趋势明显。德 国联邦统计局9月5日公布的数据显示,德国7月工业新订单环比下降2.9%,为连续第3个月下滑。慕尼 黑经济研究所等机构的秋季预测纷纷下调对2025年德国经济增长预期。 作为支柱产业,德国汽车制造业电动化转型迟缓,汽车销量持续下滑。宝马、奔驰、大众等主要车 企财报显示,2025年上半年车企利润普遍大幅下滑。美国出台高关税政策也严重冲击市场外部环境,今 年1月至7月德国对美出口顺差降至2021年以来同期最低水平。 在社会层面,二战后德国政界和民间普遍对军国主义保持警惕,对扩军增支争议颇大,这种氛围也 抑制了军工产业的发展速度。 不过,这种情况在 ...
【环球财经】记者观察:德国加码发展军工 打造经济复苏引擎
Xin Hua She· 2025-09-25 14:05
Core Viewpoint - Germany, as the economic "locomotive" of Europe, has been in recession for two consecutive years, prompting the government to significantly increase investment in the defense industry to stimulate the weak economy [1][3]. Economic Context - Germany's economy, heavily reliant on exports, has faced multiple challenges including energy price shocks and slow industrial transformation, leading to a clear downward trend [3]. - The Federal Statistical Office reported a 2.9% month-on-month decline in new industrial orders in July, marking the third consecutive month of decline [3]. - Major automotive manufacturers like BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Volkswagen have reported significant profit declines for the first half of 2025 due to slow electrification and external pressures such as high tariffs from the U.S. [3]. - The German government has approved a total budget of €520.5 billion for the fiscal year 2026, with a defense budget of €82.7 billion, a 32% increase from the previous fiscal year [3]. Defense Industry Investment - The German defense ministry plans to submit over 60 orders by the end of 2025, including a new generation "European fighter jet" project with a budget of €3 to €5 billion and the "Puma" infantry fighting vehicle project costing around €10 billion [5]. - The defense industry is seen as a crucial component of Germany's economic resilience and is expected to play a significant role in economic recovery [5]. Industry Challenges - The German defense industry has been in a state of contraction since the end of the Cold War, with military spending as a percentage of GDP dropping from 2.5% in 1990 to 1.4% in 2020, leading to reduced production capacity and a loss of technical personnel [5]. - Germany remains competitive in traditional sectors like tank and submarine manufacturing but lags in emerging fields such as stealth fighters and drones due to lower R&D investment compared to other military powers [5]. Market Dynamics - Germany's military spending has increased for three consecutive years, making it the fourth-largest military spender globally in 2024 [8]. - Rheinmetall, a major defense manufacturer, has seen its stock price rise nearly 2000% over the past five years, with 80% of its revenue now coming from defense [8]. - Demand for products from ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, including submarines and frigates, has surged, with projected sales of approximately €2.1 billion for the 2023-2024 fiscal year, a 16.7% increase from the previous year [9]. Employment and Economic Impact - The German Employment Research Institute predicts that the upward trend in the defense industry will continue for years, potentially creating up to 200,000 jobs [13]. - However, some economists express caution regarding the potential of defense spending to significantly boost the economy, citing the need for government borrowing rather than tax increases to fund military expansion [15]. - The economic multiplier effect of military spending is relatively low, with estimates suggesting that every €1 spent on defense only generates about €0.50 in economic activity, compared to higher multipliers for infrastructure and education investments [16].
大涨10%!欧洲军工股萨博Q2盈利超预期,上调全年销售指引
Hua Er Jie Jian Wen· 2025-07-18 13:33
Core Viewpoint - Saab's second-quarter operating profit exceeded market expectations, leading to an upward revision of its annual sales guidance, driven by a surge in European military spending [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Performance - Saab's second-quarter operating profit increased from 1.33 billion SEK to 1.98 billion SEK (approximately 204 million USD), surpassing analysts' average expectation of 1.71 billion SEK [2]. - The company expects comparable sales growth of 16% to 20% for the year, up from a previous forecast of 12% to 16% [2]. - Saab reported a 22% comparable sales growth in the first half of the year and reaffirmed that operating profit growth will outpace sales growth [2]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - The increase in military spending in Europe is attributed to the aftermath of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the region's need to take on more defense responsibilities [2]. - Saab's stock price has more than doubled this year, reflecting the positive market sentiment towards defense companies [2]. - The company is significantly expanding its production capacity, with over half of its revenue coming from the European market [2]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - Saab competes with major defense contractors such as Lockheed Martin, Dassault Aviation, and BAE Systems [2]. - Despite uncertainties from U.S. tariff threats, Saab continues to recruit new employees [2]. Group 4: Supply Chain and Production - Saab's CEO, Micael Johansson, stated that there has been no quantifiable impact on the supply chain from tariff fluctuations, and production capacity development is proceeding as planned [2].
远古鱼龙带来跨越亿年的降噪智慧
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-07-17 04:46
Group 1 - The core idea of the articles revolves around the discovery of the unique fin structure of the ichthyosaur Temnodontosaurus, which reduces noise during hunting, providing insights into ancient survival strategies that can inspire modern technology to combat ocean noise pollution [1][2] Group 2 - The ichthyosaur's specialized fin, with its serrated edges, was found to play a crucial role in minimizing water flow noise, allowing these ancient creatures to approach prey silently, which is essential for survival in the dark ocean depths [2] - This discovery suggests that modern technology could benefit from mimicking the ichthyosaur's fin design to create new materials and innovations aimed at reducing noise generated by human activities, such as shipping and military sonar, which disrupt marine life [2] - The findings highlight a potential for environmentally friendly designs in future vessels and submarines, showcasing how ancient biological adaptations can inform contemporary engineering solutions [2]
把印度当成“韭菜”割?美国真实嘴脸暴露,莫迪忍无可忍
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-06-11 14:22
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the shifting dynamics of US-India relations, highlighting the contradictions in US policies and India's strategic responses amidst rising tensions and tariffs imposed by the US on Indian goods. Group 1: US-India Relations - The relationship between the US and India has fluctuated significantly over the past two decades, with varying degrees of cooperation and tension under different administrations [3] - Trump's administration has shifted focus from democratic values to defense contracts and anti-China alliances, leading to a breakdown in strategic trust between the two nations [3][5] - The imposition of tariffs by the US, while simultaneously offering aid to Pakistan, has angered India and raised questions about the reliability of the US as an ally [1][3] Group 2: India's Strategic Maneuvers - India is leveraging its position by seeking technology exchanges in sectors like semiconductors and renewable energy, while also accelerating free trade agreements with the EU to mitigate risks [5] - The Indian government is focusing on domestic manufacturing, particularly in the wake of reduced tariffs, to strengthen its economic independence [5] - India's military procurement decisions, such as signing submarine deals with France instead of the US, signal a desire for strategic autonomy and a balanced approach in international relations [5][7] Group 3: Broader Implications - The article suggests that the current US-India tensions reveal the underlying truth of Western alliances: they are driven by interests rather than enduring friendships [7] - As India continues to navigate its foreign policy, it may increasingly diversify its partnerships, potentially aligning more with Russia, the Middle East, and even China, while managing its relationship with the US [7] - The evolving dynamics may ultimately lead India to reduce its dependency on Western powers, a shift that could reshape regional geopolitics in the coming decade [7]
加拿大总理:今年实现军费开支占GDP 2%的北约目标,将创建新AI研究机构
Hua Er Jie Jian Wen· 2025-06-09 15:35
Group 1 - Canada will increase military spending to meet NATO's requirement of 2% of GDP, achieving this goal ahead of the original target of 2032 [1] - Current defense spending is approximately 1.4% of GDP, indicating a significant increase in military budget allocation [1] - Measures to enhance military presence include raising military personnel salaries and procuring more military equipment such as submarines, aircraft, ships, armored vehicles, artillery, and advanced monitoring technologies [1] Group 2 - The Canadian government plans to establish a new defense procurement agency to prioritize domestic defense products, reducing reliance on U.S. defense capital [1] - The new defense policy will support the domestic defense industry by sourcing steel and aluminum from Canadian companies [1] - Following the announcement, European defense stocks like Saab and Kongsberg Gruppen ASA experienced declines, with Saab dropping approximately 7.2% [2]
加总理提供国防开支细节,或是美加贸易协议达成的迹象
news flash· 2025-06-09 14:37
Core Points - Canadian Prime Minister Carney announced an increase in defense spending to 2% of GDP, aligning with NATO targets [1] - The increased spending will be allocated for new submarines, aircraft, ships, armored vehicles, artillery, and radar systems [1] - The spending increase is five years ahead of schedule, with plans for continued investment in the coming years [1] - Recent signs indicate that Canada and the U.S. are close to reaching a trade agreement, with secret talks confirmed by the U.S. ambassador [1] - Analysts suggest that the timing of the agreement is uncertain, but there is hope for completion before the G7 meeting on June 15 [1] - U.S. demands for increased military spending have been a significant factor in negotiations, and Carney's announcement may address these concerns [1]
加拿大总理卡尼:加拿大将创建新的人工智能(AI)研究机构,名叫Borealis(北极之光)。加拿大将在今年实现军费开支占GDP比重达到2%这一北约目标。加拿大将加强在北半球的军事存在感。加拿大将支持新版北约防务产业承诺。加拿大国防部将签署新版防务政策,将创建新的防务采购机构。加拿大将优先采购本土制造的防务产品,国防制造将采用加拿大生产的钢铁和铝。加拿大将购买新的芯片,潜艇,武器,无人机。
news flash· 2025-06-09 14:15
Core Points - Canada will establish a new artificial intelligence research institution named Borealis [1] - Canada aims to achieve a military spending target of 2% of GDP this year, in line with NATO goals [1] - Canada will enhance its military presence in the Northern Hemisphere [1] Defense Industry Developments - Canada will support a new version of NATO's defense industrial commitments [1] - The Canadian Department of National Defence will sign a new defense policy and create a new defense procurement agency [1] - Canada will prioritize the procurement of domestically manufactured defense products, utilizing Canadian-produced steel and aluminum [1] - Canada plans to purchase new chips, submarines, weapons, and drones [1]
加拿大总理卡尼:加拿大将在本财政年度增加国防支出,以达到北约2%的GDP目标。加拿大将购买新潜艇、飞机、舰船、武装车辆和火炮,以及新的雷达系统和无人机。
news flash· 2025-06-09 14:10
Group 1 - The core point of the article is that Canada will increase its defense spending in the current fiscal year to meet NATO's target of 2% of GDP [1] - Canada plans to purchase new submarines, aircraft, ships, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, and drones as part of this defense spending increase [1]
法国武装部队部长表示,印尼已签署意向书,计划从海军集团购买额外的阵风战斗机、轻型护卫舰和潜艇,以及从KNDS国防工业公司采购凯撒火炮。
news flash· 2025-05-28 08:49
Group 1 - The French Minister of Armed Forces announced that Indonesia has signed a letter of intent to purchase additional Rafale fighter jets, light frigates, and submarines from the naval group [1] - Indonesia plans to procure Caesar artillery from the KNDS defense industrial company [1]