南极活动与环境保护法草案（以下简称"草案"）12月22日提请十四届全国人大常委会第十九次会议首次 审议。草案规定，国家鼓励和支持开展南极基础研究和科技创新，加强专业人才培养与队伍建设，推动 长期研究工作，增强科技支撑保障能力。 全国人大环境与资源保护委员会主任委员鹿心社介绍，制定南极活动与环境保护法，是我国参与南极全 球治理的有力支撑，也是协调、管理和规范南极活动的现实需要。开展极地考察40多年来，我国的南极 事业从无到有、由弱到强，在南极持续开展了海洋生态、地质学、空间科学、气候变化等多方面的科学 研究。 "制定南极活动与环境保护法，有利于加强我国南极活动统筹协调和监督管理，为进一步增强南极活动 能力，实现和平利用南极夯实法律基础。"鹿心社说。 在保障与监督方面，草案提出国家采取措施加大对南极技术装备研发及基础性、公益性南极考察和科学 研究的支持力度，加强南极考察站、通信网络、观测监测网、导航系统、运输体系、应急救援体系等基 础设施建设，提升南极活动和安全保障能力；国家建立南极考察活动样品和数据汇交制度。（记者吴叶 凡） 草案共七章五十七条，对在南极开展的考察、渔业、旅游、航运等活动进行了相关规定。 在南极 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the recent failures in China's space launch attempts, specifically the unsuccessful recovery of rocket stages, which underscores the inherent high-risk nature of space exploration [2][3]. - The Long March 12 rocket's launch on December 23 faced a failure in stage recovery, following a similar setback with Blue Arrow Aerospace's Zhuque-3 rocket just 20 days prior, indicating a trend of challenges in reusable rocket technology [1][2]. - The complexity of rocket recovery is emphasized, comparing it to the difficulty of accurately dropping a needle from several kilometers high, which involves precise control of various technical parameters [2]. Group 2 - The recent failures in rocket recovery reveal significant technical shortcomings and highlight the challenges that lie ahead for China's space industry, which is striving to reduce costs associated with space access [3]. - The industry recognizes that the high difficulty and failure rates of rocket recovery are common challenges globally, with only a few rockets, such as SpaceX's Falcon 9 and New Glenn, having successfully completed this task after extensive trial and error [2]. - The articles advocate for a realistic approach to space exploration, emphasizing the importance of accepting risks and learning from failures as essential steps in advancing China's space capabilities [3].

Group 1: Hydrogen Energy Development - Fujian has prioritized the hydrogen energy industry as a key strategic direction for green energy development, establishing innovation laboratories and conducting forward-looking research since 2019 [2][3] - The hydrogen storage and transportation technology is a critical challenge for the hydrogen industry, with Fuzhou University leading efforts to develop ammonia as an efficient hydrogen storage carrier [2] - A hydrogen industry working group has been established in Fujian to address urgent technical issues and promote collaborative breakthroughs across the entire hydrogen value chain [3] Group 2: Technological Innovation Platforms - Fujian supports the establishment of high-level scientific innovation platforms led by private enterprises to enhance the integration of technology and industry [4] - The Ningde Times Innovation Laboratory, co-built with the Ningde municipal government, has accelerated the development of new battery technologies, enabling rapid product launches [4][5] - Ningde Times has invested over 80 billion yuan in R&D, employing over 20,000 personnel and holding more than 43,000 patents, positioning itself as a leader in the global new energy sector [5] Group 3: Biopharmaceutical Industry Focus - Fujian has made significant strides in the biopharmaceutical sector, exemplified by the launch of the domestically developed nine-valent HPV vaccine, which enhances accessibility for women [6][7] - The establishment of the Xiang'an Innovation Laboratory aims to facilitate the transformation of biopharmaceutical innovations into practical applications, improving the success rate of technology transfer [7] - Fujian's government has implemented targeted policies to strengthen the biopharmaceutical innovation ecosystem, focusing on health needs and enhancing the overall industry chain [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - Kuaishou, a well-known short video platform in China, experienced a significant network attack that led to the appearance of illegal content in multiple live streams, prompting the company to take immediate action by reporting the incident and removing the content [1][3]. Group 1: Impact on Users - The network attack caused Kuaishou's security system to collapse within 60 to 90 minutes, indicating a rare and large-scale automated attack [3]. - Experts suggest that the attack may have been orchestrated by foreign hackers, although a definitive classification of the incident is still pending further investigation [3][4]. - Users face risks such as potential theft of personal information, usage records, and consumption data if the platform lacks a robust security system [5]. Group 2: Security Breach Mechanism - Kuaishou's platform, despite having a stringent review system, was breached as hackers bypassed firewalls and both human and AI monitoring [7]. - The attack's effectiveness was attributed to the shift towards "automated attacks," while the platform relied on traditional human defenses, leading to a mismatch in defense capabilities [7][10]. - The timing of the attack during peak user activity further exacerbated the platform's vulnerability [7]. Group 3: Recommendations for Enhanced Security - Experts emphasize the need for platforms to prioritize network security over traffic, advocating for improved content review mechanisms and a comprehensive security framework [7][10]. - The implementation of AI-driven automated security measures is crucial to counteract the evolving tactics of hackers [10]. - Regular risk simulations and internal vulnerability assessments are recommended to identify and strengthen weak points in security defenses [11].

溴基液流电池依赖于溴离子（Br-）与溴单质（Br2）的氧化还原反应，具有资源来源广、电极电势高以 及溶解度高等优势。然而，在充电过程中产生的大量Br2会对电池材料造成严重腐蚀，显著降低电池的 循环寿命，并对电池材料的耐腐蚀性提出了更高的要求，进一步推高了电池成本。传统溴络合剂虽然在 一定程度上可以缓解腐蚀问题，但其形成的分相结构往往导致体系均匀性差，增加了系统复杂性。 为解决这一难题，团队开发出一种新型溴双电子转移反应路径。通过在溴电解液中引入连接吸电子基团 的胺类化合物作为溴清除剂，他们发现电化学反应中产生的Br可以转化为溴代胺类化合物，有效降低溶 液中Br的浓度。与传统的单电子转移方法（Br到Br0）不同，该反应实现了从Br到Br（溴代胺类化合 物）的双电子转移，显著提高了电池的能量密度。同时超低的Br浓度大幅度降低了电解液腐蚀性，提高 了电池寿命。 研究团队进一步将这一新反应应用于锌溴液流电池。实验表明，采用廉价且耐腐蚀性较差的SPEEK （磺化聚醚醚酮）膜，电池仍可实现长期稳定运行。在放大至5kW级的系统测试中，该电池在40mA cm-2的条件下可以稳定运行超过700个循环，总寿命超过1400小时，能 ...

Core Viewpoint - A new 3D embryo implantation simulation chip developed by a research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences offers new hope for precise treatment of infertility, particularly for patients facing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) [1][3]. Group 1: Research Breakthrough - The chip successfully replicates the entire process of human embryo implantation in the laboratory, overcoming ethical and technical barriers that have long plagued the field [1][3]. - The research findings were published in the journal "Cell" on the 23rd [1]. Group 2: Impact on Patients - Over 40 million people in China suffer from infertility, with about 10% of those undergoing assisted reproductive technology experiencing multiple failed embryo implantations [3]. - The chip technology aims to address three major pain points for patients, including the ability to accurately identify the root causes of infertility [3][4]. - It was found that the implantation rate of embryos from RIF patients is only 60% of that of healthy individuals, explaining the phenomenon of "successful transfer but fetal arrest" [3]. Group 3: Personalized Treatment - The research team has tested over a thousand approved drugs using the chip, successfully identifying targeted medications that significantly enhance endometrial receptivity and promote embryo implantation and development [3][4]. - This advancement suggests a shift from broad-spectrum treatment approaches to personalized medication strategies, reducing ineffective treatments [3]. Group 4: Non-Invasive Testing - The detection process using the chip is expected to be more convenient and non-invasive, as it can utilize endometrial cells derived from the patient's menstrual blood, achieving results comparable to traditional biopsy methods [4]. - This innovation is anticipated to improve patient acceptance and accessibility, marking a transition in reproductive medicine from experience-driven to technology-driven approaches [4].

人的心灵是个复杂而精妙的宇宙，充满了千变万化的思绪、难以名状的情绪和深藏心底的动机。心 理学，作为探索这片内在宇宙的学科，其核心在于理解每一个独特个体背后鲜活的生命体验与情感连 接。 这项年度调查共有1742名心理学家参与。其中56%的心理学家，在过去12个月中至少使用过一次AI 工具辅助工作，高于2024年的29%；29%的心理学家表示，他们每月至少使用一次AI，这一比例是2024 年（11%）的两倍多。这些技术可以从多方面为心理学家提供支持，例如提供行政支持、增强临床护理 等。然而，随着心理学家对AI的了解日益加深，他们也越来越关注其潜在风险。超过九成（92%）的心 理学家对AI工具在心理学领域的应用表示担忧，最常见的忧虑包括：潜在的数据泄露、意想不到的社 会危害、输入和输出中的偏差、缺乏严格的风险缓解测试以及输出不准确或出现"幻觉"。美国心理学会 首席执行官小亚瑟·C·埃文斯博士表示，AI可以帮助缓解心理学家面临的一些压力。例如，提高效率和 改善医疗服务的可及性。但人工监督仍然至关重要，患者需要确认，他们依然可以信任医疗服务提供 者。 这种深刻的理解，往往依赖于人类特有的共情、直觉和建立在信任基础上的治 ...

Core Viewpoint - The longevity and performance of cast iron cookware significantly depend on material quality, manufacturing processes, and proper maintenance practices, which can lead to vastly different user experiences [2][4][5]. Group 1: Material and Craftsmanship - The market primarily features two types of iron cookware: cast iron (raw iron) and iron sheet (cooked iron), each with distinct material properties and manufacturing processes that affect their non-stick and rust-resistant capabilities [2]. - Cast iron cookware is made from molten iron ore, which is cast into specific molds, resulting in a hard texture, thick base, and thin edges, making it ideal for high-temperature cooking [2]. - The quality of raw materials, such as the removal of impurities like sulfur and phosphorus, and the addition of beneficial elements like carbon, directly influence the cookware's ability to form a stable protective oxide layer [2][3]. Group 2: Maintenance and Usage Practices - Improper cooking habits and maintenance are major factors leading to the premature retirement of iron cookware [4]. - For cast iron cookware, three key behaviors can negatively impact its lifespan: high-temperature empty heating, exposure to acidic foods, and the use of abrasive cleaning tools [4]. - Correct maintenance practices include washing with warm water, drying thoroughly, and applying a thin layer of oil after each use to maintain the protective oil film [4][5]. Group 3: Differences in Cookware Types - Unlike cast iron, iron sheet cookware is formed by stamping and relies on physical or chemical methods for non-stick and rust-resistant properties, often featuring a surface coating that has a limited lifespan [3]. - The non-stick performance of coated iron sheet cookware typically declines significantly within 3 to 6 months, and once the coating is damaged, the underlying metal is prone to rust [3][5]. - Experts recommend using medium to low heat and soft utensils with iron sheet cookware to prolong its lifespan and prevent damage to the surface coating [5].

科技日报北京12月23日电 （记者吴叶凡）南极活动与环境保护法草案（以下简称"草案"）22日提 请十四届全国人大常委会第十九次会议首次审议。草案规定，国家鼓励和支持开展南极基础研究和科技 创新，加强专业人才培养与队伍建设，推动长期研究工作，增强科技支撑保障能力。 草案共七章五十七条，对在南极开展的考察、渔业、旅游、航运等活动进行了相关规定。 在南极环境保护方面，草案规定鼓励以绿色低碳的方式开展南极活动，支持使用降碳、节能、污染 防治技术和装备，推动清洁能源应用；明确南极环境保护的总体要求，规定环境影响评估制度，明确南 极动植物保护、废弃物处理处置、防止海洋污染等方面的具体要求。 在保障与监督方面，草案提出国家采取措施加大对南极技术装备研发及基础性、公益性南极考察和 科学研究的支持力度，加强南极考察站、通信网络、观测监测网、导航系统、运输体系、应急救援体系 等基础设施建设，提升南极活动和安全保障能力；国家建立南极考察活动样品和数据汇交制度。 全国人大环境与资源保护委员会主任委员鹿心社介绍，制定南极活动与环境保护法，是我国参与南 极全球治理的有力支撑，也是协调、管理和规范南极活动的现实需要。开展极地考察40多年来 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the development of a novel protein called iGluSnFR4, which serves as a molecular glutamate indicator for real-time observation of neuronal communication in the brain [1][2] - This advancement aids in deciphering the complex "language" of the brain and enhances understanding of its intricate neural circuitry [1] Group 1: Scientific Breakthrough - iGluSnFR4 is engineered to be highly sensitive to glutamate, enabling the detection of the weakest input signals between neurons, thus allowing scientists to "hear" the information received by neurons [2] - The ability to observe these signals provides new pathways for analyzing the complex cascade of electrical activities that underpin learning, memory, and emotions [2] Group 2: Implications for Neurological Research - Abnormal glutamate signaling is linked to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, autism, and epilepsy [2] - The use of iGluSnFR4 allows for more precise observation of synaptic activity, facilitating deeper research into the mechanisms behind these diseases [2]