Core Viewpoint - The European Union is advancing a cybersecurity bill that mandates the gradual elimination of equipment from "high-risk suppliers" such as Huawei and ZTE in critical infrastructure, primarily targeting Chinese tech companies in sectors like telecommunications and solar energy [1][2]. Group 1: Legislative Actions - The proposed bill is a significant escalation in the EU's policy against Chinese tech firms, following previous measures like the 2020 "5G Cybersecurity Toolbox" and investigations under the "Foreign Subsidies Regulation" [1][2]. - The new legislation aims to completely exclude high-risk suppliers from all critical infrastructure, marking a shift from previous advisory policies to mandatory regulations [1][2]. Group 2: Economic Implications - Replacing Chinese telecom equipment in the EU is estimated to cost billions of euros, with over 90% of solar panels in the EU sourced from China, making local production significantly more expensive [2]. - The EU relies heavily on Chinese inverters for solar power, with 70% of new installations in 2023 using imported Chinese products, which are priced over 20% lower than EU alternatives [2]. - The financial impact of the bill could delay or hinder projects in the EU, affecting the region's digital and low-carbon transitions [2]. Group 3: Political Context - The bill is perceived as a trade barrier disguised as a cybersecurity measure, with critics arguing that it discriminates against Chinese products without substantial evidence of security risks [2][3]. - The narrative surrounding the security risks of Chinese equipment is seen as politically motivated, lacking concrete proof and contributing to a climate of distrust [3]. Group 4: Industry Perspective - Chinese technology has been integral to the EU's advancements in 5G communication and green energy, providing cost-effective solutions that support the region's technological and environmental goals [2]. - The EU's approach may lead to self-inflicted harm, as it risks stifling innovation and cooperation that could benefit both parties [3].

围绕降低创新成本，财政部落实好覆盖多个创新环节税收优惠政策，减轻企业科技创新税收负担；发挥 政府性融资担保体系作用，组织各地实施科技创新专项担保计划，降低科技创新类中小企业融资门槛和 成本。通过这些措施，全年支持3.44万户企业获得银行贷款超1400亿元，综合融资成本降至5%以下。 不仅如此，财政部还在政府采购中推行采购人与供应商合作创新模式，实施首台（套）、首批次保险补 偿政策等，让更多创新成果从实验室走向生产线，产生价值倍增效应。在一系列政策加持下，人工智 能、机器人等一批标志性科技产品登上世界舞台，集成电路等实现全产业链创新突围，我国成为创新力 上升最快的经济体之一，2025年全球创新指数排名首次跻身前10。 ◎本报记者刘垠 "2025年更加积极的财政政策，做到了兼顾当前与长远，既有力支持了当下的经济增长、办好民生实 事，又有效推动了我国经济结构转型，为经济社会中长期可持续发展打下坚实基础。"1月20日，国新办 举行新闻发布会，财政部副部长廖岷如是介绍2025年财政政策的成效。 2025年，按照党中央、国务院决策部署，财政部综合运用资金支持、税收优惠、财政金融、政府采购等 一系列政策工具，支持科技创新和 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "first investment then equity" pilot program is seen as a funding tool, signaling system, empowerment framework, and ecological catalyst for the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) [1] Group 1: Policy and Implementation - Guangzhou has introduced the "Guangzhou Technology Achievement Transformation 'Supplementary Reform Investment' Pilot Work Method (Trial)" to address the lack of investment in early-stage technology projects by leveraging government funds to attract social capital [1][2] - The "first investment then equity" model aims to support early-stage technology projects from universities and research institutions that have not yet secured equity financing, with government funds matched 1:1 by transformation partners [2][3] - The "Supplementary Reform Investment" model will convert 100 million yuan from the Guangzhou Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition into equity investments for award-winning companies, providing 2 million yuan in equity investment to those in need of financing [2] Group 2: Financial Mechanisms and Support - The "Supplementary Reform Investment" funds can be held long-term or exited through agreements, with proceeds prioritized for reinvestment, creating a sustainable funding cycle [3] - The initiative emphasizes a "tolerance for failure" mechanism, allowing for normal investment risks without penalizing based on individual project performance [2][3] - Guangzhou plans to allocate no less than 15% of its annual technology innovation development special funds for "Supplementary Reform Investment" work over the next three years, aiming to stimulate innovation [5] Group 3: Collaboration and Outcomes - The collaboration between the Guangzhou Science and Technology Bureau and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) has initiated a pilot cooperation of 30 million yuan, establishing a clear workflow among the university, government, and market institutions [3] - The "first investment then equity" policy has led to significant positive changes, providing clarity for nascent projects and encouraging alumni to engage in entrepreneurial initiatives [3] - A total of 106 quality projects have been submitted for review under the first round of entrepreneurial projects at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) [3]

这种"按劳取酬"的方式，能够让参与度更高、功能更全面、执行更精准的手术机器人获得更高收费系 数。这意味着，贴牌或仅有"规划功能"的产品在临床收费项目上难以"浑水摸鱼"，而真正解决临床痛 点、实现精准执行并能产生明确临床价值的硬核技术，才能获得合理回报。 "指南细化了收费项目、明确了对应的收费场景，其中体现的收费'逻辑'承认机器人的临床价值。"深圳 市精锋医疗科技股份有限公司产品市场部总监赵武贻说，该企业自主研发的多孔腔镜手术机器人和单孔 腔镜手术机器人已累计完成临床手术超过1.4万例，承认手术机器人的临床价值将进一步缩短新技术推 广周期，促进自研产品获得市场认可。 拓宽精准手术实施规模 "在手术机器人辅助下，原本产生较大创口的手术，可以经过多孔甚至单孔操作完成。"张旭介绍，单孔 机器人技术要求较高，目前在这一领域已有多家国内企业的产品获批。指南将进一步引导有条件的医疗 机构利用手术机器人开展远程手术，拓宽精准手术的临床应用规模。 "近两年，国产手术机器人在我国的市场占有率持续提升，从2023年的32.61%增长至2024年的 48.89%。"在1月20日国家医保局举办的"价格立项赋能医疗科技创新发展"分享活动 ...

试车成功标志着星河动力航天在大推力、高性能、泵后摆液体火箭发动机的自主研制道路上，攻克了又 一项核心关键技术堡垒，为该公司智神星二号大型可重复使用运载火箭的首飞奠定了坚实的动力基石。 CQ-90液氧/煤油发动机由星河动力航天在CQ-50发动机基础上升级研制，采用泵后摆总体布局，具备6 度双向摇摆能力。发动机采用新型高性能可调针栓喷注器、同轴分体式双级高速涡轮泵、高性能喷注燃 气发生器等多项新技术，具备多次起动、深度变推、可重复使用能力。 （文章来源：科技日报） 记者20日从星河动力航天公司获悉，该公司近日在牛头山发动机试车台，开展了智神星二号大型可重复 使用运载火箭主发动机（CQ-90）全系统热试车，试验取得圆满成功。 智神星二号运载火箭直径4.5米，包括两种构型：基本型起飞质量约757吨，起飞推力约910吨，低地球 轨道（LEO）运载能力20吨；捆绑构型起飞质量约1950吨，起飞推力约2730吨，LEO运载能力58吨。 此次全系统热试车，是对CQ-90发动机在设计、制造和系统集成方面的一次全方位"大考"。试车过程 中，发动机启动平稳，主级工作燃烧稳定，火焰明亮，关机正常。涡轮泵、燃气发生器、阀门及总装管 路 ...

力擎一号作为中科宇航自主研制的首款30吨级针栓式液氧煤油发动机，其推力室和发生器均采用针栓式 喷注器结构，并依托不锈钢3D打印一体化成型工艺制造，具有燃烧效率高、工作稳定性好、起动及运 行过程振动小等优势。 （文章来源：科技日报） 试车中，该发动机成功实现100%至50%的深度变推力调节，并具备1%量级的推力高精度调节能力，各 项性能指标优秀。该发动机具备深度变推力与可重复使用能力，将为中科宇航正在研制的力鸿二号可重 复使用飞行器提供动力基础。 记者1月20日从中科宇航获悉，该公司自主研制的力擎一号针栓式液氧煤油发动机，近日圆满完成摇摆 及变推力试车考核，此次试车时长合计330秒。至此，该型发动机累计试车总时长超1300秒，覆盖可重 复使用运载火箭一子级飞行时长5倍以上。 据悉，力擎二号110吨级针栓式液氧煤油发动机也已进入关键研制阶段，目前正稳步筹备200秒长程试 车。 ...

科技日报记者 陆成宽 记者从国家能源集团获悉，经过168小时满负荷试运行，该集团浙江安吉电厂2号84.3万千瓦燃气机组20日正式投产，标志着我国单 机容量最大、效率最高的燃气电厂实现全容量投产。 浙江安吉电厂总装机容量168.6万千瓦，配置两台84.3万千瓦燃气—蒸汽联合循环机组，采用国际先进的9H级燃机技术，机组联合循 环效率达64.15%。项目投产后年发电量可达70亿千瓦时，可满足约600万居民全年生活用电需求。每年预计减排二氧化碳约186万 吨、节约标煤约68万吨，环保效益与节能成效显著。 为适应新型电力系统对灵活调节能力的更高要求，浙江安吉电厂对标国际先进水平，攻克多项前沿技术，全面提升机组性能。目 前，机组从热态启动到满负荷运行仅需90分钟，在快速启停、灵活调节等方面表现突出，为风电、光伏等波动性可再生能源深度融 合奠定了基础，也为确保电网安全稳定运行提供了有力支撑。 在环保与能效方面，浙江安吉电厂应用先进燃烧与控制技术，实现燃烧温度达1600℃，每度电的二氧化碳排放较百万千瓦煤电机组 降低约60%；氧化物平均排放浓度22.2毫克/标准立方米，较国家排放标准降低超50%。通过优化热力系统，机组效率较 ...

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of rooftop solar power stations by Trina Solar is helping the garment manufacturing industry reduce costs and emissions through renewable energy solutions [1] Group 1: Cost Reduction and Emission Savings - The rooftop solar power station at Hongxing Erke's Quanzhou industrial area has a total installed capacity of 2.67 MW, expected to save 840 tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2,300 tons annually, equivalent to planting 25,000 trees [1] - The project utilizes a "self-consumption and surplus electricity grid connection" model, significantly lowering industrial electricity costs and allowing more funds to be allocated to product research and quality improvement [1] Group 2: Technological Resilience and Industry Adoption - The climate characteristics of South China, including high temperatures, humidity, and frequent typhoons, demand higher stability from distributed photovoltaic components [1] - Trina Solar's high-power components are designed to withstand extreme environmental impacts such as typhoons and salt spray, while also providing high generation efficiency to meet factory electricity needs [1] - The rooftop solar power station at Hongxing Erke has become a unique attraction for other manufacturing enterprises in South China, indicating a growing trend towards transformation and upgrading through distributed photovoltaic projects [1]

Core Insights - The development of high-end instruments in China is strategically significant, as it supports foundational scientific research, cutting-edge technology development, major engineering implementation, and future industry cultivation [2] - China's high-end instrument industry faces structural imbalances, with high demand domestically but insufficient supply capabilities, leading to reliance on foreign products [2] - The current market structure does not facilitate the accumulation of high-end instrument capabilities, as competition is fragmented and lacks scale effects [4] Group 1: Industry Challenges - High-end instruments are crucial for national technological independence, yet the industry is heavily reliant on foreign technology and components [1] - There are multiple "breakpoints" in the capability formation chain for high-end instruments, making it difficult to translate technological potential into sustainable engineering and industrial capabilities [3] - The existing market structure does not provide positive feedback for continuous capability upgrades, leading to a return to low-end competition [4] Group 2: Recommendations for Improvement - A common capability platform should be established to support precision manufacturing, high-reliability electronics, and system-level testing, ensuring long-term investment in engineering talent and experience [6] - A "demand-driven + risk-sharing" mechanism should be constructed to leverage major national research infrastructures and projects, guiding the maturity of domestic instrument capabilities [6] - The organizational and evaluation mechanisms need to be restructured to facilitate the transition from research to engineering and industry, emphasizing long-term stability and collaboration between research institutions and enterprises [7]

此次研究中，超表面像素尺寸小于200纳米，远低于所操控的520纳米激光波长，可在无需额外光学系统 的情况下同时生成成千上万个聚焦点。研究人员表示，这种超表面相当于在同一平面上集成了成千上万 个微型透镜，可一次性产生大规模光镊阵列。 目前最先进的量子计算机约有1000个量子比特，而美国哥伦比亚大学团队正试图将这一数字提升两个数 量级以上。他们首次将光镊与超表面技术结合，提出并验证了一种可扩展的中性原子阵列技术，为构建 超过10万个量子比特的量子计算机奠定基础。相关成果发表在新一期《自然》杂志上。 中性原子阵列是构建量子计算机的新兴平台。研究团队在实验中俘获1000个锶原子，并验证该方法可在 原理上扩展至10万个以上，这些原子未来或可作为量子比特使用。 原子在量子计算中具有天然优势，可稳定呈现量子叠加和纠缠等特性，且彼此完全一致，无需像固态量 子比特那样校准与同步。但难点在于如何实现大规模精确操控。 过去十多年，科学家通常利用空间光调制器或声光偏转器生成光镊阵列。单个光镊是一束高度聚焦的激 光，可将单个原子固定在焦点上，阵列则由许多光镊组成，但设备复杂、体积庞大，限制了阵列规模。 此外，超表面由氮化硅和二氧化钛制 ...