Core Viewpoint - The newly revised "Jiangsu Province Regulation on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements" aims to address the challenges in the transformation of scientific achievements through institutional innovation, empowering researchers and encouraging enterprises to engage in technology transfer [1][3]. Group 1: Challenges in Technology Transfer - Long-standing barriers in the transformation of scientific achievements include reluctance from researchers due to fear of responsibility and loss of benefits, unclear ownership and pathways from academic institutions, and high risks with insufficient guarantees for enterprises [2]. Group 2: Institutional Innovations - The revised regulation introduces a clear and actionable "Jiangsu Plan" to tackle these issues, marking the first time in national regulations that it mandates the reform of ownership rights for job-related scientific achievements in universities and research institutions [3]. - The regulation allows holders of scientific achievements to independently decide on asset evaluation and outlines three transformation models: "joint implementation," "transfer of rights," and "negotiated transformation" [3]. Group 3: Empowerment and Incentives - The regulation specifies that ownership or long-term usage rights can be granted to the achievers of job-related scientific results, while a negative list excludes results related to national interests and major public benefits from this empowerment [4]. - To encourage innovation and mitigate risks, the regulation provides a "safe harbor" for researchers, ensuring that those who act in good faith and do not seek personal gain are not held accountable for decision-making errors [4]. Group 4: Financial Support and Collaboration - The regulation emphasizes the need for a collaborative ecosystem for technology transfer, enhancing support systems, talent development, and financial backing [7]. - Financial mechanisms include a 1.5 billion yuan annual special fund for mid-term trials and incubations, as well as insurance products to cover research losses and transfer costs [8]. Group 5: Broader Policy Framework - The regulation is part of a broader set of policies aimed at fostering innovation, including the establishment of a six-tier cultivation system for technology enterprises and a focus on collaborative research and development [10][11]. - The overall goal is to create a supportive environment for innovation, with specific targets for the number of high-tech enterprises and funding for research initiatives by 2027 [10].

南开大学生命科学学院教师李登文（中）指导参与FSE项目的学生做实验。受访单位供图 在培养成效上，FAS/FSE项目在人才培养"入口"和"出口"两端均展现出优势：一方面吸引文科和理科基 础扎实、具备语言潜质的优质生源，另一方面显著拓展了学生在就业、出国深造和学术研究等方面的发 展空间。王凯介绍，项目推出以来持续受到学生和家长关注，招生热度不断攀升，成为南开大学新文科 交叉复合型人才培养的代表性探索。 王凯认为，从长远看，项目培养的复合型人才有望成长为国别与区域研究和国际交流的重要力量，在国 际舞台上传播中国科技与文化，推动更高质量和更深层次的科技与文明"出海"。 ◎科技日报记者 陈 曦 "对我而言，语言不仅是交流工具，还成为我进入科技领域、开展国际问题研究的'金钥匙'。"南开大学 外国语学院学生牛有宁这样总结自己的学习体验。 得益于南开大学新文科建设的一系列改革探索，牛有宁参与了"关键语种与理工类专业"复合型卓越创新 科技人才培养项目（FSE项目）。在主修一门非通用语言的同时，她还可以系统双主修另一专业的数据 统计相关课程，将语言能力深度融入对现实问题的专业分析之中。 为顺应数字时代对人文社科学科发展的新要求， ...

当前，算力互联互通成为产业共识，各方已积极开展技术路径探索与工程实践。在此背景下，工业和信 息化部研究制定了《通知》。 近日，工业和信息化部印发《关于组织开展国家算力互联互通节点建设工作的通知》（以下简称《通 知》），部署推进国家算力互联互通节点体系建设。 国家算力互联互通节点是推进国家算力互联互通体系建设的核心抓手和关键承载，采用"1+M+N"架 构，由1个已建成发布的国家算力互联网服务节点（国家节点）、M个区域节点和N个行业节点共同构 成。 具体来看，区域节点面向算力需求旺盛地区提供标识注册、资源汇聚等综合性支撑服务，行业节点聚焦 重点行业提供市场化服务并接入区域节点，所有节点遵循"统一标识、统一标准、统一规则"运行，提升 公共算力资源使用效率和服务水平，助力算力产业高质量发展。 《建设方案》聚焦节点核心功能落地，明确建设六大核心系统，包括国家算力互联网（区域、行业）服 务中心、算力标识管理系统、算力资源汇聚系统、算力选择系统、算力运行安全监测系统、安全保障系 统。 《通知》提出建立"1+M+N"国家算力互联互通节点体系，通过构建"统一标识、统一标准、统一规 则"运行机制，实现不同区域、主体、架构的算力资 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Three-Year Action Plan for Supporting the Transformation and Upgrading of Advanced Manufacturing in Shanghai (2026-2028)" aims to accelerate the establishment of a modern industrial system centered on advanced manufacturing, promoting green and intelligent transformation across various enterprises in Shanghai [1][2]. Group 1: Action Plan Overview - The action plan includes four major actions and 17 measures to enhance the development of advanced manufacturing [1]. - By 2028, Shanghai aims to add 100 manufacturing enterprises with an annual output value exceeding 1 billion yuan and increase the number of large-scale industrial enterprises in the supply chain by 500 [1]. Group 2: Industry Development Paths - The plan outlines three development paths: - For traditional advantageous industries, it emphasizes "optimization and enhancement" [1]. - For leading industries, it promotes "strategic guidance" [1]. - For key and emerging industries, it focuses on "expansion and development" [1]. Group 3: Innovation and Resource Support - The action plan supports enterprises in high-level R&D and high-value product transformation, addressing industry pain points and overcoming key core technologies [2]. - It encourages full-process upgrades, AI integration in manufacturing, and carbon footprint management to achieve quality and efficiency improvements [2]. Group 4: Financial Incentives - The plan provides substantial financial support for R&D, including: - A one-time subsidy of 10 million yuan for enterprises with annual R&D expenditures of 100 million yuan or more [2]. - A one-time subsidy of 5 million yuan for those spending between 50 million and 100 million yuan [2]. - A one-time subsidy of 2 million yuan for R&D expenditures between 1 million and 5 million yuan [2]. Group 5: Additional Financial Support Measures - The plan includes subsidies for fixed asset investment loans related to technology upgrades, with a maximum of 20 million yuan [3]. - Companies upgrading energy-saving processes and equipment can receive rewards based on coal consumption, up to 10 million yuan [3]. - A one-time reward of 200,000 yuan is available for enterprises recognized as national green factories [3].

非洲将成为重灾区。即便在低排放情景下，该大陆的可放牧草原也将减少16%；若化石燃料继续扩张、 升温失控，损失可能高达65%。原因在于，非洲多数地区已处于"安全气候空间"的高温边缘，稍有升温 便易越界。 然而，气候变化正迅速压缩这一生存边界。研究显示，全球多地的温度、降水和湿度正在偏离这一理想 区间，导致适宜放牧区域显著萎缩。尤其值得警惕的是，受影响最严重的往往是那些本就面临粮食短 缺、经济脆弱、政治动荡和性别不平等问题的国家。 草原畜牧业高度依赖自然环境，对水、热、湿等条件极为敏感。气候的持续变化不仅威胁草场生产力， 更从根本上动摇了延续数百年的传统牧业模式。 一项由德国波茨坦气候影响研究所开展的新研究警示：随着全球变暖加剧，以草原为基础的放牧系 统正面临前所未有的生存危机。研究预测，到2100年，目前适合放牧的36%至50%土地将因气候恶化而 不再适宜放牧，直接影响超过1亿牧民和多达16亿头牲畜。相关论文发表于最新一期《美国国家科学院 院刊》。 牛、绵羊和山羊等家畜依赖特定气候条件生存。研究首次定义了它们的"安全气候空间"：年均气温介 于-3℃至29℃之间，年降水量在50至2627毫米范围内，相对湿度保持在 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Three-Year Action Plan for Supporting the Transformation and Upgrading of Advanced Manufacturing Industry in Shanghai (2026-2028)" aims to accelerate the establishment of a modern industrial system centered on advanced manufacturing, promoting green and digital transformation across enterprises of all sizes [1][2]. Group 1: Action Plan Overview - The action plan includes four major actions and 17 measures to enhance the development of advanced manufacturing in Shanghai [1]. - By 2028, Shanghai aims to add 100 manufacturing enterprises with an annual output value exceeding 1 billion yuan and increase the number of industrial enterprises above designated size by 500 [1]. Group 2: Development Paths - The plan outlines three development paths: - For traditional advantageous industries, it emphasizes "optimization and enhancement" [1]. - For leading industries, it promotes "strategic guidance" [1]. - For key and emerging industries, it focuses on "expansion and development" [1]. Group 3: Innovation and Support Measures - The action plan supports enterprises in high-level R&D and high-value product transformation, addressing industry pain points and overcoming key core technologies [2]. - Financial support includes one-time subsidies for R&D investments, with amounts varying based on the level of investment [2]. Group 4: Financial Incentives - Companies investing in technology transformation projects can receive interest subsidies on loans or equipment financing leases, with a maximum subsidy of 20 million yuan [3]. - Additional rewards are available for energy-saving upgrades and for companies recognized as national green factories [3].

此次调查取得的一系列发现，不仅丰富了物种记录，更凸显了江西生态保护的扎实成效。调查发现 了福建天麻、武夷山天麻、盔花舌喙兰等5种江西省新记录种，以及浙江金线兰、南方舌唇兰等22种片 区新记录种，其中不乏生态指示性极强的珍稀物种。这些物种的自然存活，直接印证了武夷山国家公园 江西片区生态系统的健康完整性。 记者2月9日从南昌大学获悉，武夷山国家公园江西片区野生兰科植物综合调查项目中期成果日前正 式发布。南昌大学兰科植物科研团队联合武夷山国家公园江西管理局，历经119天、310人次的深山科 考，在该区域发现野生兰科植物42属87种，其中包含江西省新记录种5个、片区新记录种22个，刷新了 武夷山兰科植物资源宝库的物种清单。 兰科植物对生长环境要求极为苛刻，尤其是福建天麻、宽距兰等腐生类物种，它们一生无叶且花期 短暂，发现与记录难度极大。为摸清这些"植物精灵"的生存轨迹，科研团队自2025年4月起，先后13次 深入黄岗山、过风坳、五府岗等武夷山核心区域，足迹遍布海拔400—2100米的沟谷密林等地。 在发现物种的同时，科研团队同步开展保育生物学研究，已完成二叶兜被兰、武夷对叶兰等物种的 传粉生物学研究。 值得一提的是 ...

近日，一批经过特殊处理的平衡剂被精准注入中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州石化分公司（以下简称 兰州石化）300万吨/年重油催化裂化装置再生器，替代部分新鲜催化剂促进反应，将重质油转化为轻质 油及化工原料。这批经过处理的废弃平衡剂，如今通过磁分离技术实现"华丽转身"，成为可回用的低磁 剂产品，为装置"减污降碳、提质增效"注入动能。 在炼油化工产业中，重油催化裂化装置是决定产品价值和企业效益的核心单元。然而，长期运行会产生 大量的失效平衡剂。"这些平衡剂因吸附了原料油中的镍、钒等重金属，被国家列为危险废物，处置起 来面临着技术与成本的双重考验。"兰州石化生产运行部能源管理组副组长孙德武介绍说，传统的外运 处置不仅费用高昂，还伴随着造成二次污染的风险；而简单的堆存或填埋，要占用土地，隐患重重。 经过充分调研与论证，兰州石化应用磁分离技术，对300万吨/年重油催化裂化装置产生的平衡剂进行精 准分选，通过高效"捕获"并分离出重金属含量低、污染轻的磁性较弱部分，得到可再利用的低磁剂。这 些低磁剂作为新鲜催化剂的补充，重新注入重油催化裂化装置后，能有效降低装置内平衡剂的整体重金 属污染，提高重油转化率和高附加值轻质油收率。 ...

Core Insights - The Shanghai Midea Global Innovation Park has recently opened in Qingpu District, symbolizing the area's commitment to enhancing technological innovation capabilities and contributing to the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta [1][2] - Qingpu District aims to establish itself as a core hub for innovation in the Yangtze River Delta, leveraging its strategic location and fostering collaboration between various sectors [2][3] Economic Development - Qingpu District's GDP is projected to reach 182.5 billion yuan in 2024, which is 1.5 times that of the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [1] - The district is focusing on the "3+3+3" industrial layout, which includes three trillion-yuan industrial clusters in high-end equipment manufacturing, new-generation information technology, and modern logistics [4] Innovation and Technology - The district has seen a significant increase in strategic emerging industries, which now account for 37.2% of the economy, up nearly 12.5 percentage points from the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [3] - Major companies like Midea and Huawei are playing crucial roles in driving innovation within Qingpu, with Midea's medical robotics and Huawei's AI innovation center being notable examples [3][6] Talent and Infrastructure - The Shanghai Midea Global Innovation Park is designed to accommodate 8,000 to 10,000 high-end R&D talents, focusing on nine key research areas including industrial internet and smart manufacturing [7] - Qingpu District is enhancing its innovation ecosystem by establishing national-level innovation platforms and incubators, which support various high-tech sectors [6][5]

往玻璃窗上贴一张薄膜，能让老旧房屋在保障采光的同时冬暖夏凉？ 这可不是普通的薄膜，其特殊之处在于添加了一种导热系数低、防火效果好的新型绿色建材——气 凝胶，从而显著降低空调或暖气的能耗。 春节前夕，位于河北省唐山市曹妃甸区南堡经济开发区的中国铁建气凝胶中试生产基地传来喜讯 ——气凝胶材料稳定量产能力突破110吨。在渤海湾畔的中试生产基地里，科技日报记者见到了技术团 队历经5年研发的气凝胶稀金隔热薄膜产品。 这款薄膜产品摸起来如同塑料，泛着微微的淡蓝色，可任意折叠卷曲。它的厚度仅50微米，约为单 张A4纸厚度的一半。 "这张薄膜看着普通轻薄，内里可大有乾坤。"气凝胶材料技术负责人、中国铁建绿色低碳产业技术 研究院绿色建材所所长王栋解释，薄膜由多种复杂结构组合而成，气凝胶浆料就均匀附着在关键功能 层，因此薄膜具有了高隔热、防紫外、高透光的特点。 走进气凝胶中试生产基地车间，反应釜如钢铁巨人般林立眼前，管廊纵横连接，反射着金属光泽。 王栋团队在这里经常试验至凌晨2点。 在气凝胶制备车间里，研究人员王会新指着近3人高的水解缩聚釜回忆了一段往事。去年3月，气凝 胶工艺提升进入关键阶段。一次试验中，他和同伴操作机器引入反 ...