抗菌素耐药性并非凭空产生。细菌天然携带一些使其对抗生素具有抵抗力的基因，这些基因广泛存 在于土壤、水体乃至人体微生物群中。然而，人类对抗生素的过度使用以及其他环境压力因素，加速了 这些耐药基因的扩散和演化，使其成为全球健康的重大挑战。 研究团队此次特别比较了两类耐药基因的地理分布：一类是已经激活并可在细菌之间传播的"获得 性耐药基因"，另一类则是尚未激活、但具备耐药潜力的"潜在耐药基因"。结果发现，潜在耐药基因的 分布明显更为广泛。 一个国际研究团队对来自111个国家、351个城市的1240份废水样本进行了检测和系统分析，发现细 菌中潜在的抗菌素耐药基因（AMR）在全球各大洲普遍存在。相关成果发表于近期《自然·通讯》杂 志。 这项由丹麦技术大学国家食品研究所牵头的研究表明，尽管目前这些基因尚未构成重大公共卫生威 胁，但其中一部分未来可能演变为真正的风险。团队因此呼吁扩大对废水中抗菌素耐药性的监测范围， 将潜在耐药基因纳入常规检测体系。 研究确认，撒哈拉以南非洲、南亚以及中东和北非地区的获得性耐药基因丰度显著高于世界其他地 区，这与以往多项研究的结论一致。值得注意的是，在全球大部分区域，潜在耐药基因的数量都超过 ...

记者12月15日获悉，为深入推进京津冀协同发展战略，贯彻落实国 家关于加快场景培育和开放的工作部署，充分发挥唐山场景优势和北 京研发优势，促进人工智能新场景大规模应用，京津冀"人工智能 +"应用场景供需对接活动日前在北京举办。 据悉，此次活动是唐山市"唐山场景 走进京津"系列品牌活动之一，旨 在搭建起京津冀场景创新合作桥梁，推动三地优势资源深度融合、互 补互促，以场景创新实现更高层次的协同共赢。下一步，唐山市将继 续按照"为场景找技术、为技术找场景"工作路径，依托唐山市场景创 新促进中心，加快培育和开放场景，为京津乃至全国新技术新产品规 模化商业化应用提供验证平台，全面建设"京津冀场景创新之城"。 （记者周思同） 此次活动由北京科技创新促进中心、河北省科技成果转化促进中心、 唐山市科学技术局主办。北京科技创新促进中心区域合作部部长王旖 琪、河北省科技成果转化促进中心主任李峥出席活动并致辞。长城战 略咨询副总经理黄波、北京物联网智能技术应用协会副会长颜阳分别 围绕"以应用场景引领人工智能发展""AI Agent：开启机器经济新质生 产力时代"作主题分享。 活动现场，唐山市科学技术局发布了《唐山市"人工智能+"创 ...

Group 1 - The automotive industry is expected to play a crucial role in global advancement and technological innovation by 2026, with smart driving becoming a core area of international technological competition [1] - Technologies such as lidar, semi-solid batteries, 5G, Beidou, smart driving chips, and multimodal large models are experiencing a surge in adoption within the automotive sector [1] - Smart driving is anticipated to significantly impact technology, industry, and society, driving advancements in chips and AI, and fostering trillion-dollar industries like autonomous taxis and logistics, while enhancing traffic safety and efficiency [1] Group 2 - From 2026 to 2030, the automotive supply chain and technology are expected to accelerate their influence on other industries, with breakthroughs in solid-state batteries, augmented reality, brain-computer interfaces, 6G, quantum computing, electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles (eVTOL), and intelligent robotics [2] - By 2026, L2-level combined driving assistance features are projected to become mainstream, with a penetration rate exceeding 70%, becoming standard in economy electric vehicles priced around 100,000 yuan [2] - The regulatory framework for L3-level smart driving is expected to relax, expanding trial areas from limited zones to entire cities, thereby broadening road rights and application scenarios [2] Group 3 - The automotive market in China is entering a phase of high sales but low growth, with the dominance of new energy vehicles (NEVs) solidifying further [3] - Domestic automotive sales are projected to exceed 28.2 million units in 2026, reflecting a modest growth of 2%, while NEV sales (including exports) are expected to reach 20 million units, achieving a market penetration rate of 57% [3] - The total number of NEVs in the domestic market is anticipated to surpass 60 million units by 2026 [3]

Core Viewpoint - The integration of coal and renewable energy is essential for achieving China's dual carbon goals while ensuring energy security, as demonstrated by the successful projects in Anhui province, particularly the "Photovoltaic + Coal Mining Subsidence Area" initiative by Huaihe Energy [1][2][4] Group 1: Project Overview - The first integrated demonstration project in Anhui features 373,000 photovoltaic panels over 5,300 acres in a coal mining subsidence area, with a total installed capacity of 40,000 kilowatts across two phases [1] - The first phase has an operational capacity of 156,800 kilowatts, while the second phase, currently under construction, will have a capacity of 243,200 kilowatts [1] Group 2: Environmental Impact - The photovoltaic project is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 11.27 million tons during its operational period, equivalent to saving 4.23 million tons of standard coal [3] - The first phase of the photovoltaic power station has generated 440 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, meeting the annual electricity needs of over 200,000 households and saving about 131,400 tons of standard coal, resulting in a reduction of approximately 340,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions [6] Group 3: Industry Trends - The integration of coal and renewable energy is seen as a critical step in building a new energy system, where non-fossil energy serves as the main supply and fossil energy acts as a backup [4] - The coal industry, traditionally high in energy consumption, is now leveraging its electrification needs to create natural scenarios for renewable energy applications [3] Group 4: Technological and Policy Challenges - Despite progress, challenges remain in policy implementation and technological innovation, particularly in local regulations and subsidy disbursement affecting investment enthusiasm [9] - There is a call for increased investment in foundational research to overcome technical challenges related to low-concentration gas utilization and geothermal energy development [9][10] Group 5: Future Directions - Companies are encouraged to adopt a long-term perspective, prioritizing investments in renewable energy to cultivate core competitiveness and drive ecological restoration and carbon asset management [10] - Huaihe Energy aims to implement an integrated zero-carbon park model that combines wind, solar, storage, and charging facilities, revitalizing traditional coal bases [10]

Core Viewpoint - The "2025 Annual Development Report on Technological Innovation in China's Electric Power Industry" indicates that technological innovation in China's energy and electricity sector is experiencing significant breakthroughs, deep integration, and leading development trends [1] Investment and R&D - China's major electric power enterprises are increasing their R&D investment, with an average R&D expenditure intensity of 2.82% in 2024, surpassing the national average of 2.68% [1] - Total investment in technological innovation reached 198.32 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.16%, with grid enterprises investing 51.28 billion yuan, generation enterprises 104.23 billion yuan, and construction enterprises 42.81 billion yuan [1] - The total number of research personnel in major electric power enterprises reached 237,073 in 2024, indicating an improvement in the quality of the technology talent pool [1] Achievements in Innovation - The electric power industry received 4 gold and 6 silver awards at the 25th Patent Awards in 2024, and a total of 91 national science and technology awards from 2017 to 2024 [2] - The number of invention patent authorizations in major electric power enterprises reached 35,413 in 2024, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 13.5% [2] - The quality of scientific papers in the electric power sector is improving, and the strength of basic research is gradually increasing [2] Technological Advancements - The transition of thermal power generation towards high efficiency, flexibility, and low carbon is accelerating, with significant breakthroughs in key technologies such as ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boilers and large-scale carbon capture [2] - Hydropower and pumped storage technologies remain leading, with successful development of high-end equipment like 500 MW impact units and 700-meter high stability pumped storage units [2] - Wind power generation is trending towards larger and smarter units, with a 26 MW offshore wind turbine leading globally [2] - Photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency has repeatedly set world records, and advanced nuclear technologies like "Hualong One" and "Guohe One" are making steady progress [2] Grid and Storage Innovations - The grid sector has achieved significant results in ultra-high voltage and artificial intelligence technologies, establishing a foundation for new power systems with proprietary intellectual property [3] - New energy storage technologies are rapidly iterating and moving towards large-scale applications, including grid-type storage and solid-state batteries [3] - The deployment of energy power models like "Super Brain" and "Guangming Power" is underway [3]

Core Findings - A unique exoplanet named PSR J2322-2650b has been discovered by scientists at the University of Chicago using the James Webb Space Telescope, characterized by its lemon-like shape and high carbon content in its atmosphere [1][2] - This exoplanet is located approximately 4000 light-years from Earth and orbits a rapidly rotating pulsar, which is a rare occurrence in the known universe [1] - The atmosphere of PSR J2322-2650b contains significant amounts of carbon molecules (C3, C2) and exhibits extreme conditions that challenge existing theories of planetary formation [1] Atmospheric and Physical Characteristics - The planet's proximity to its host star and the massive size of the pulsar have resulted in its lemon-shaped, oblate form, with a "year" lasting about 7.8 hours and surface temperatures reaching up to 650°C [2] - Unlike most gas giants, the atmospheric wind direction on PSR J2322-2650b is opposite to the planet's rotation [2] - The planet appears deep red with clouds of graphite floating in its atmosphere, earning it the description of "an evil lemon" and marking it as one of the most peculiar exoplanets known to date [2]

研究强调，麻疹病毒等病原体可能与其他环境压力因素相互作用，加剧北极圈动物健康风险，因此 有必要持续监测。 研究显示，在挪威北部的座头鲸群以及一头健康状况不佳的抹香鲸、一头搁浅的领航鲸体内，都检 测到鲸类麻疹病毒。该病毒自1987年发现以来，已在全球鲸类中引发多次大规模死亡，可导致呼吸、神 经及免疫系统严重损伤。研究还发现，冬季鲸类与海鸟、人类近距离接触觅食时，存在疫情暴发风险。 科学家利用无人机技术发现，一种致命鲸类病毒可能正在北极圈传播。这一研究为制定保护策略提 供了关键依据。该病毒与全球多起鲸豚大规模搁浅事件相关，早期预警有助于及时干预。研究由英国伦 敦国王学院等机构合作完成，成果发表于最近的《BMC兽医研究》杂志。 团队此次使用配备无菌培养皿的无人机，悬停于鲸鱼喷气孔上方捕获呼吸道飞沫，在挪威北部成功 应用于采集野生座头鲸、抹香鲸和长须鲸呼出气体样本，实现了无压力、无伤害的活体采样。这也标志 着北极地区动物健康进入非侵入性监测新时代。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Pingdingshan has transformed into a significant nylon new materials industry base in China, contributing to the high-quality development of the engineering plastics industry [1] Group 1: Industry Development - Pingdingshan has established a complete coal-based nylon chemical industry chain, leading in nylon 66 salt production capacity in Asia and nylon 66 industrial yarn and tire cord production capacity globally [1] - The city has successfully implemented over 200 industrial chain projects by overcoming key technologies such as adiponitrile and aramid [1][2] - The local government aims to achieve a significant leap in the high-quality development level of the nylon industry by 2030 and to become the largest and most competitive nylon new materials industry base globally by 2035 [3] Group 2: Investment and Infrastructure - Pingdingshan has introduced two hundred billion-level funds to support key projects in the nylon city and has implemented tax reductions and exemptions totaling 1.28 billion yuan for enterprises [3] - The city is enhancing its infrastructure, including a logistics system that integrates road, rail, and water transport, and is developing industrial corridors for efficient resource sharing [2] - By 2026, Pingdingshan is expected to supply 2 billion kilowatt-hours of green electricity, reducing industrial electricity costs by over 0.1 yuan per kilowatt-hour [2]

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of a new type of national system to enhance original innovation and tackle key core technology challenges amid a reshaped global order and strategic competition in high-tech fields [1] Group 1: Importance of the New Type of National System - The new type of national system has played a crucial role in achieving significant breakthroughs in technology since the 18th National Congress, contributing to the advancement of related industries [2] - The leadership of the Communist Party is fundamental to the new type of national system, ensuring effective mobilization of technological resources and innovation [2] - The combination of an active government and an effective market is a distinctive feature of the new type of national system, emphasizing the roles of both in major technological innovations [2] Group 2: Major Technological Tasks - Major technological tasks are essential for the new type of national system, focusing on national security and development strategies rather than just departmental or regional interests [3] - These tasks require clear, specific, and assessable goals, with outcomes including engineering systems and technological solutions rather than isolated technologies [3] Group 3: Coordination of Technological Breakthroughs and Application - The new type of national system must coordinate major technological breakthroughs with the application of results, addressing both the existence and quality of technologies [4] - It emphasizes leveraging China's vast market advantages to accelerate the industrial application of technological breakthroughs and enhance competitiveness [4] Group 4: Enhancing the New Type of National System - The "14th Five-Year Plan" aims to strengthen the new type of national system by refining mechanisms for identifying major technological tasks and implementing them effectively [5] - It calls for a collaborative approach to organizing major technological tasks, ensuring accountability and clear objectives for leading units [5] Group 5: Building a National Strategic Technological Force - A national strategic technological force system is crucial for conducting major technological breakthroughs, with a focus on establishing a laboratory system led by national laboratories [6] - The plan includes optimizing the layout of national research institutions and enhancing their capabilities to support breakthroughs [6] Group 6: System for Transferring and Applying Technological Achievements - The successful industrial application of technological breakthroughs is critical, with an emphasis on the role of leading technology enterprises in driving this process [7] - The strategy promotes a cycle of research and application, enhancing the autonomy and security of China's industrial supply chain [7]

青海省海西州格尔木市的戈壁滩上，巨型白色罐体十分抢眼。罐体内，零下194摄氏度的极寒环境中， 能量正以液态空气的形式静静"蛰伏"。 这便是中国绿发投资集团有限公司（以下简称"中国绿发"）打造的全球在建规模最大液态空气储能示范 项目——青海省6万千瓦/60万千瓦时液态空气储能示范项目。目前，该项目已进入最后调试阶段。 这个被工程师们称为"超级空气充电宝"的巨无霸是如何打造的？技术有哪些创新之处？科技日报记者近 日来到项目工程现场进行探访。 2022年，青海省"揭榜挂帅"新型储能示范项目发榜，液态空气储能这一前沿技术成为攻坚焦点。彼时， 这项技术在国内尚属空白，国际上也仅有少数国家处于探索阶段，高原规模化应用更无先例可循。 2023年，项目正式开工建设。作为建设单位，中国绿发青海分公司与技术攻坚团队克服高原环境带来的 重重挑战，将拥有完全自主知识产权的7项国际创新技术融入工程实践，成功实现液化空气储能技术从 百千瓦级到万千瓦级的规模化放大突破。 中国绿发青海分公司液化空气储能项目部副经理姜宇告诉记者，项目全国产化的设备配置，标志着我国 在该领域彻底摆脱了对外依赖。 据悉，这套总功率6万千瓦、储能容量60万千瓦时的 ...