Core Findings - A unique exoplanet named PSR J2322-2650b has been discovered by scientists at the University of Chicago using the James Webb Space Telescope, characterized by its lemon-like shape and high carbon content in its atmosphere [1][2] - This exoplanet is located approximately 4000 light-years from Earth and orbits a rapidly rotating pulsar, which is a rare occurrence in the known universe [1] - The atmosphere of PSR J2322-2650b contains significant amounts of carbon molecules (C3, C2) and exhibits extreme conditions that challenge existing theories of planetary formation [1] Atmospheric and Physical Characteristics - The planet's proximity to its host star and the massive size of the pulsar have resulted in its lemon-shaped, oblate form, with a "year" lasting about 7.8 hours and surface temperatures reaching up to 650°C [2] - Unlike most gas giants, the atmospheric wind direction on PSR J2322-2650b is opposite to the planet's rotation [2] - The planet appears deep red with clouds of graphite floating in its atmosphere, earning it the description of "an evil lemon" and marking it as one of the most peculiar exoplanets known to date [2]

研究强调，麻疹病毒等病原体可能与其他环境压力因素相互作用，加剧北极圈动物健康风险，因此 有必要持续监测。 研究显示，在挪威北部的座头鲸群以及一头健康状况不佳的抹香鲸、一头搁浅的领航鲸体内，都检 测到鲸类麻疹病毒。该病毒自1987年发现以来，已在全球鲸类中引发多次大规模死亡，可导致呼吸、神 经及免疫系统严重损伤。研究还发现，冬季鲸类与海鸟、人类近距离接触觅食时，存在疫情暴发风险。 科学家利用无人机技术发现，一种致命鲸类病毒可能正在北极圈传播。这一研究为制定保护策略提 供了关键依据。该病毒与全球多起鲸豚大规模搁浅事件相关，早期预警有助于及时干预。研究由英国伦 敦国王学院等机构合作完成，成果发表于最近的《BMC兽医研究》杂志。 团队此次使用配备无菌培养皿的无人机，悬停于鲸鱼喷气孔上方捕获呼吸道飞沫，在挪威北部成功 应用于采集野生座头鲸、抹香鲸和长须鲸呼出气体样本，实现了无压力、无伤害的活体采样。这也标志 着北极地区动物健康进入非侵入性监测新时代。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Pingdingshan has transformed into a significant nylon new materials industry base in China, contributing to the high-quality development of the engineering plastics industry [1] Group 1: Industry Development - Pingdingshan has established a complete coal-based nylon chemical industry chain, leading in nylon 66 salt production capacity in Asia and nylon 66 industrial yarn and tire cord production capacity globally [1] - The city has successfully implemented over 200 industrial chain projects by overcoming key technologies such as adiponitrile and aramid [1][2] - The local government aims to achieve a significant leap in the high-quality development level of the nylon industry by 2030 and to become the largest and most competitive nylon new materials industry base globally by 2035 [3] Group 2: Investment and Infrastructure - Pingdingshan has introduced two hundred billion-level funds to support key projects in the nylon city and has implemented tax reductions and exemptions totaling 1.28 billion yuan for enterprises [3] - The city is enhancing its infrastructure, including a logistics system that integrates road, rail, and water transport, and is developing industrial corridors for efficient resource sharing [2] - By 2026, Pingdingshan is expected to supply 2 billion kilowatt-hours of green electricity, reducing industrial electricity costs by over 0.1 yuan per kilowatt-hour [2]

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of a new type of national system to enhance original innovation and tackle key core technology challenges amid a reshaped global order and strategic competition in high-tech fields [1] Group 1: Importance of the New Type of National System - The new type of national system has played a crucial role in achieving significant breakthroughs in technology since the 18th National Congress, contributing to the advancement of related industries [2] - The leadership of the Communist Party is fundamental to the new type of national system, ensuring effective mobilization of technological resources and innovation [2] - The combination of an active government and an effective market is a distinctive feature of the new type of national system, emphasizing the roles of both in major technological innovations [2] Group 2: Major Technological Tasks - Major technological tasks are essential for the new type of national system, focusing on national security and development strategies rather than just departmental or regional interests [3] - These tasks require clear, specific, and assessable goals, with outcomes including engineering systems and technological solutions rather than isolated technologies [3] Group 3: Coordination of Technological Breakthroughs and Application - The new type of national system must coordinate major technological breakthroughs with the application of results, addressing both the existence and quality of technologies [4] - It emphasizes leveraging China's vast market advantages to accelerate the industrial application of technological breakthroughs and enhance competitiveness [4] Group 4: Enhancing the New Type of National System - The "14th Five-Year Plan" aims to strengthen the new type of national system by refining mechanisms for identifying major technological tasks and implementing them effectively [5] - It calls for a collaborative approach to organizing major technological tasks, ensuring accountability and clear objectives for leading units [5] Group 5: Building a National Strategic Technological Force - A national strategic technological force system is crucial for conducting major technological breakthroughs, with a focus on establishing a laboratory system led by national laboratories [6] - The plan includes optimizing the layout of national research institutions and enhancing their capabilities to support breakthroughs [6] Group 6: System for Transferring and Applying Technological Achievements - The successful industrial application of technological breakthroughs is critical, with an emphasis on the role of leading technology enterprises in driving this process [7] - The strategy promotes a cycle of research and application, enhancing the autonomy and security of China's industrial supply chain [7]

青海省海西州格尔木市的戈壁滩上，巨型白色罐体十分抢眼。罐体内，零下194摄氏度的极寒环境中， 能量正以液态空气的形式静静"蛰伏"。 这便是中国绿发投资集团有限公司（以下简称"中国绿发"）打造的全球在建规模最大液态空气储能示范 项目——青海省6万千瓦/60万千瓦时液态空气储能示范项目。目前，该项目已进入最后调试阶段。 这个被工程师们称为"超级空气充电宝"的巨无霸是如何打造的？技术有哪些创新之处？科技日报记者近 日来到项目工程现场进行探访。 2022年，青海省"揭榜挂帅"新型储能示范项目发榜，液态空气储能这一前沿技术成为攻坚焦点。彼时， 这项技术在国内尚属空白，国际上也仅有少数国家处于探索阶段，高原规模化应用更无先例可循。 2023年，项目正式开工建设。作为建设单位，中国绿发青海分公司与技术攻坚团队克服高原环境带来的 重重挑战，将拥有完全自主知识产权的7项国际创新技术融入工程实践，成功实现液化空气储能技术从 百千瓦级到万千瓦级的规模化放大突破。 中国绿发青海分公司液化空气储能项目部副经理姜宇告诉记者，项目全国产化的设备配置，标志着我国 在该领域彻底摆脱了对外依赖。 据悉，这套总功率6万千瓦、储能容量60万千瓦时的 ...

Core Insights - The report indicates that China's energy and electricity sector is experiencing significant breakthroughs in technological innovation, deep integration, and leading development trends [1] Investment and R&D - In 2024, major power companies in China are expected to have an average R&D expenditure intensity of 2.82%, surpassing the national average of 2.68% [1] - Total investment in technological innovation reached 198.32 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.16%, with grid companies investing 51.28 billion yuan, generation companies 104.23 billion yuan, and construction companies 42.81 billion yuan [1] - The total number of research personnel in major power companies is projected to reach 237,073, indicating an improvement in the quality of the technology talent pool [1] Achievements in Innovation - The power sector received four gold and six silver awards at the 25th National Patent Awards in 2024, and from 2017 to 2024, it accumulated 91 National Science and Technology Awards [2] - The number of invention patents authorized in 2024 reached 35,413, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 13.5% [2] - The quality of scientific papers in the power sector has improved, and foundational research capabilities are strengthening [2] Technological Advancements - The transition of thermal power generation towards high efficiency, flexibility, and low carbon has accelerated, with significant breakthroughs in key technologies such as ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boilers and large-scale carbon capture [2] - Hydropower and pumped storage technologies continue to lead, with successful development of high-end equipment like 500 MW impulse units and 700-meter high stability pumped storage units [2] - Wind power generation is trending towards larger and smarter units, with a 26 MW offshore wind turbine leading globally [2] - Photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency has repeatedly set world records, and advanced nuclear technologies like "Hualong One" and "Guohe One" are making steady progress [2] Grid and Storage Innovations - In the grid sector, significant achievements have been made in ultra-high voltage and artificial intelligence technologies, establishing a foundation for new power systems [3] - New energy storage technologies are rapidly evolving, with grid-type storage, long-duration storage, and solid-state batteries moving towards large-scale applications [3] - The deployment of energy sector "super brains" like the Watt and Bright Power models has been initiated [3]

Core Insights - Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology have developed a fully biodegradable artificial synapse made from natural materials, which can extend memory retention time to nearly 100 minutes, addressing issues related to electronic waste and paving the way for sustainable neuromorphic technology [1][2]. Group 1: Performance and Structure - The artificial synapse features a layered structure resembling a mini "sandwich," with two ionic active layers sandwiching an ionic bonding layer made from cellulose acetate derived from plant stems, along with materials sourced from shells and legumes [1]. - This device operates with low energy consumption, requiring only 0.85 femtojoules per signal transmission, significantly lower than the 2.4 to 24 femtojoules needed by natural brain synapses [1]. Group 2: Biodegradability and Environmental Impact - The ionic active layer and bonding layer of the device can naturally decompose in soil within approximately 16 days, using environmentally safe materials that do not leave harmful residues after decomposition [2]. - The development addresses multiple challenges in artificial synapses, including ultra-low power consumption, stability, durability, and biodegradability, marking a significant advancement in creating neuromorphic devices that can safely interact with the environment and eventually dissolve [2]. Group 3: Application Potential - A simple robotic system demonstrated the device's application potential, where it can amplify signals in response to heat, triggering a mechanical hand to withdraw from a hot object, simulating human reflex behavior [2]. - This suggests future possibilities for developing environmentally friendly robots that can learn, respond to environmental stimuli, and harmlessly disappear after completing their tasks [2].

Core Insights - A study from MIT reveals that high-fat diets can drive liver cells into an immature state, which may lead to liver cancer development [1][2] - The research indicates that under high-fat stress, liver cells activate survival genes while shutting down those necessary for normal liver function, creating a risk for cancer [2] Group 1: Mechanism of Cancer Development - Liver cells under high-fat conditions revert to a stem cell-like state, which helps them survive but increases the risk of cancer [1] - The study utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to track the progression from liver inflammation and fibrosis to cancer in mice [1] Group 2: Human Implications - Similar mechanisms were observed in human liver disease patients, where higher expression of survival genes correlated with poorer prognosis and shorter survival after tumor development [2] - The timeline for cancer development in humans may extend up to 20 years, influenced by diet, alcohol intake, and viral infections [2] Group 3: Future Research Directions - Future research will explore whether switching to a healthy diet or using GLP-1 weight loss drugs can reverse the changes in liver cells [3] - The study has identified a transcription factor named SOX4 as a potential target for intercepting the cancer progression process [3]

Core Insights - The article highlights significant technological advancements expected in 2026, including AI, gene editing, space exploration, and green energy, which are set to transform various industries and human life [1] AI and Research - AI-driven scientific research is becoming mainstream, with "AI agents" expected to perform complex tasks with minimal human intervention by 2026 [2] - The first major scientific results from AI-led research are anticipated to be published in 2026, although issues such as data deletion errors have been reported [2] - Future developments may focus on smaller AI models that learn from limited data to solve specific problems, outperforming larger models in logical tests [2] Medical Innovations - Two personalized gene therapy clinical trials for rare genetic diseases are expected to start in 2026, following successful CRISPR treatments for infants [3] - A large-scale clinical trial in the UK involving over 140,000 participants is set to report on a blood test that detects cancer by analyzing DNA fragments [3] - Regulatory updates in the UK and potential reforms in the US FDA regarding drug approvals are expected to take effect in 2026 [3] Space Exploration - 2026 will see a surge in lunar exploration, including NASA's "Artemis II" mission, marking the first crewed lunar flight since the 1970s [4] - China's "Chang'e 7" mission aims to explore the Moon's south pole, while Japan plans to send a probe to Mars' moons [4] - The European Space Agency's "PLATO" mission will launch at the end of 2026 to observe exoplanets around bright stars [4] Oceanic Research - China's "Dream" deep-sea research vessel is expected to begin its first scientific mission in 2026, capable of drilling up to 11 kilometers deep [5] Physics Research - The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Switzerland will undergo significant upgrades starting in 2026, aiming to increase collision frequency by five times by 2030 [6] - The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab is set to be completed in April 2026, focusing on the conversion of muons to electrons without producing other particles [6]

我国完善科技成果转化服务体系，科技成果转化生态进一步优化。我国技术转移服务体系基本建 立，科技成果转化服务平台加快布局，科技创业孵化服务体系进一步完善。数据显示，截至2024年底， 全国孵化机构数量超1.5万家，在孵企业和团队超50万家，累计培育上市（挂牌）企业近6000家。 我国加快构建与科技创新相适应的科技金融体制，赋能科技成果转化取得积极成效。数据显示，国 家科技成果转化引导基金投资700余家科技型企业，带动地方设立成果转化基金总规模超过1400亿元。 截至今年9月末，科技型中小企业贷款余额达3.56万亿元，同比增长22%。科技保险有效护航成果转 化，2024年，保险业为科技研发、成果转化及推广应用等活动提供风险保障约9万亿元。 科技日报北京12月22日电 （记者吴叶凡）22日，十四届全国人大常委会第十九次会议听取了科技 部副部长陈家昌受国务院委托作的关于促进科技成果转化工作情况的报告（以下简称"报告"）。报告显 示，"十四五"以来，我国深化科技成果转化机制改革，完善政策支持和市场服务，科技成果转化实现量 质齐升。2020年到2024年，全国技术合同成交金额从2.83万亿元增长到6.84万亿元，增长幅度 ...