稀土新规：中国以技术锁死全球博弈，重塑产业格局 当世界仍在猜测中国是否会以"巴基斯坦牌"为棋子，谋求稀土资源的战略布局时，一场足以改写全球游戏规则的较量已然拉开序幕。 十月九日，中国商务部发布了一份看似平常的公告，却为全球稀土战场带来了颠覆性的变革。此次，中国不再局限于讨论出口多少矿石，而是将焦点精准地 锁定在了"点石成金"的核心技术之上。这一战略举措，不仅令美国特朗普政府的稀土多元化构想瞬间化为泡影，更向世界宣告：未来的游戏规则，将由中国 重新定义。 这一举动，直接戳破了美国及其盟友一直以来不愿正视的残酷现实：在稀土领域，拥有矿山并不意味着掌控一切。如果缺乏核心的提炼与加工技术，即使矿 产资源再为丰饶，也不过是一堆无人问津、难以卖出高价的土石。美国的困境恰恰在于此，过往在稀土技术层面，它要么依赖从中国引进，要么扶持中国发 展，长此以往，滋生了自身的技术惰性。 这项新规的精妙之处在于，它构建了一道无形的"技术长城"。这并非简单的设备出口禁令，而是对整个稀土产业链核心知识体系进行的一次釜底抽薪式的封 锁。从矿山开采、中间的冶炼分离，到最终的应用，整个流程中的关键技术都被纳入管制范围。更甚者，相关的技术服务，包括 ...

不同于石油等自然资源，稀土产业的技术壁垒在于加工。从选矿到分离稀土氧化物，再到冶炼分离单一 金属及成品加工，每一步都有极高技术含量。稀土最终产品的纯度对永磁体等下游材料性能起决定性作 用。以当前热门的具身智能和新能源车为例，电动车的主驱动电机、车门雨刮器电机，以及机器人关节 电机，其内部永磁体的核心要素都是稀土。 进一步收紧稀土管制并非仅因双边经贸摩擦。20世纪80年代末，《外交季刊》发表《科学技术与国家主 权》一文，提出"科学、技术、经济和政治等各方面变化过快，使国家主权与实力构成的屏障开始改 变"。此后，"技术主权"逐渐成为"国家主权"概念集合中的新成员。在全球技术主权竞争日益白热化的 当下，实现战略领域核心技术与产业链自主掌控、捍卫"技术主权"，具有事关未来生存发展的重大战略 意义，而稀土正是中国最具代表性的"技术主权"之一。 稀土出口管制升级：技术主权再强化！10月9日，商务部发布第61号和第62号公告，对稀土全产业链相 关技术出口实施审批监管，形成更广泛的管制闭环。公告显示，前者将含中国成分的境外稀土物项纳入 许可管理，填补了"转口用于军事敏感领域"的漏洞；后者全面管控稀土全产业链技术出口，从开采工 ...

管制的范围有多广？从最初的矿山开采，到中间的冶炼分离，再到最后的应用，整个流程的技术都被涵盖了进去，这还不算 完，就连相关的服务也未能幸免。 当美国还在幻想着通过"捧巴基斯坦"来获取稀土资源时，一场颠覆全球规则的博弈已悄然打响。 10月9日，中国商务部以一份看似寻常的公告，宣告了稀土战场的全新玩法，这一次，中国不再纠结于出口多少矿石，而是直 接锁死了"点石成金"的核心技术。 这不仅让特朗普的稀土大计瞬间泡汤，更向世界宣告：游戏规则，由我们来重新定义！ 编辑：星 看不见的万里长城 这道新规的厉害之处，在于它构建了一道无形的"技术长城"，它不是简单地禁止出口几台设备，而是对整个稀土产业链的核心 知识体系进行了一次釜底抽薪式的封锁。 这意味着，任何境外实体想要获得技术支持，哪怕只是咨询一下，都受到了严格限制。 更绝的是，管制甚至延伸到了生产设备的安装、调试和维修服务。 如此一来，便构建起一个臻于完美的闭环：即便对手绞尽脑汁、千方百计地获取了相关设备，倘若没有中国技术人员的首肯， 那些设备也不过是一堆毫无用处的废铁罢了。 这就是所谓的"生态瘫痪"，它让任何试图复制中国产业链的努力，都变得举步维艰。 说白了，中国这次保 ...

一纸通告，全球震动！ 这还不算完。就连稀土二次资源的回收利用这种循环经济的尖端技术，也被纳入其中。更绝的是，连带着相关生产线的装配、调试、维修这类配套的服务性 知识，都明确写进了管制清单。 这就形成了一个完整的技术闭环。其目的显而易见，不是为了惩罚谁，而是为了系统性地保护整个技术生态，不给对手任何一个环节的突破口。 而且，这份蓝图还预判并封堵了所有技术外溢的潜在路径。公告里有一条规定特别值得玩味：即便你出口的是非管制项，但只要知晓其最终将被用于境外的 稀土相关活动，那么对不起，一样需要申请许可。 这种基于"最终用途"的审查逻辑，显示出一种高度的警惕性和前瞻性。它关心的不只是直接的技术出口，更是那些可能发生的、隐蔽的知识流失。 不留死角的全景封锁 这份编号为"2025年第62号"的公告，其设计的周密程度，远超外界想象。它构建的不是一道墙，而是一个覆盖全产业链的立体防火墙系统。 你看它的管制范围，从最前端的稀土矿开采技术，到中间的冶炼与分离技术，再到后端高附加值的稀土金属、合金材料生产，甚至是像钐钴、钕铁硼这类高 性能磁性材料的制造技术，一个都不少。 美国政府停摆已经超过一周了！数小时前，美国财政部给全国国税局员 ...

公众号记得加星标⭐️，第一时间看推送不会错过。 来源 ：内容翻译自hpcwire，谢谢。 近日——SiPearl，一家为 HPC、AI 和数据中心设计自主高性能节能处理器的欧洲无晶圆厂设计公司，今天宣布 推出用于双重用途的 Athena1 处理器。 基于欧洲在 Rhea1（SiPearl 第一代处理器，专用于高性能计算）设计方面积累的独特专业知识，Athena1 将提供 专门针对政府、国防和航空航天应用工作负载量身定制的功能。这些功能包括安全通信和情报、密码学和加密、 情报处理、战术网络、电子探测或车辆本地数据处理等。 除了强大的计算能力外，Athena1 还以安全性和完整性著称。Athena1 系列将提供 16、32、48、64 或 80 个 Arm Neoverse V1 核心的型号，具体取决于每个应用所需的功率、散热限制等因素。详细的技术规格将于稍后公布。 Athena1芯片的制造将委托给全球领先的先进半导体独立代工厂台积电（TSMC）。封装工作最初将在中国台湾进 行，但计划将封装转移到欧洲，以助力欧洲产业生态系统的发展。 Athena1 的商业发布计划于 2027 年下半年进行。 SiPearl 首席 ...

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. House of Representatives has passed an amendment to prohibit the military from purchasing digital display technologies produced by state-owned enterprises from China or Russia, citing national security risks [1][2]. Group 1: Amendment Details - The amendment was proposed by Republican Congressman Austin Scott from Georgia, emphasizing that reliance on technology from "hostile sources" poses a national security risk [2]. - The amendment is part of the annual National Defense Authorization Act, which aims to fund the U.S. military, passing with a vote of 231 in favor and 196 against [2]. - The amendment specifically bans the Pentagon from purchasing OLED displays, which are used in smartphones and other devices, from companies supported by adversarial governments [2][3]. Group 2: Technology Implications - Austin Scott stated that these technologies are critical to military equipment, from cockpit displays to soldier-worn systems, and dependence on adversarial sources threatens national security and technological sovereignty [2]. - The revised amendment has a broader scope than previous versions, which only required the Pentagon to review whether certain Chinese companies should be added to the list of "Chinese military companies" [3]. - OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) displays are characterized by their self-emissive properties, allowing for ultra-thin designs, wide viewing angles, high contrast, and fast response times, making them suitable for smartphones, TVs, smartwatches, and VR devices [3].

Core Points - China has taken a preemptive measure against Nvidia by ordering domestic tech companies to halt all purchases of Nvidia's AI chips, including canceling existing orders, signaling a strategic response to U.S. tech restrictions [1][3] - Nvidia faces a dilemma as it must comply with U.S. government policies while trying to maintain its market presence in China through "special edition" chips, which have significantly reduced performance and high prices [3][6] - The Chinese government's actions are not merely defensive but are aimed at accelerating domestic chip alternatives, with companies like Huawei and Cambricon making progress in specific applications [6][8] Industry Implications - The increasing penetration of domestic chips in critical sectors indicates that Nvidia is facing not just a temporary procurement ban but a deeper trend of domestic substitution [8][12] - The U.S. government's dual approach of seeking to limit China's technological growth while wanting to retain access to the Chinese market reveals a complex geopolitical landscape [8][10] - The ongoing tech competition between the U.S. and China is likely to evolve into a "cold peace" state, where both sides avoid direct military conflict but continue to compete in technology while maintaining limited cooperation in key industries [10][12] Company Challenges - Nvidia's CEO Jensen Huang expressed disappointment over China's decision but also indicated a willingness to navigate the situation, highlighting the challenges multinational companies face in the U.S.-China tech war [6][12] - The dilemma for the Trump administration lies in the fact that increasing tech restrictions may accelerate China's self-innovation, while easing restrictions could allow China to catch up technologically [12] - The situation with Nvidia's H20 chip exemplifies the challenges faced, as the Chinese market may no longer require such "downgraded" products when the U.S. is finally willing to sell them [12]

Global Economic Context - The global economy in 2025 is overshadowed by "excess supply" and "excess capacity," leading to a decline in demand and investment, particularly affecting Europe [2][3] - The oil market is experiencing a significant imbalance, with OPEC increasing production despite falling demand, resulting in a sharp drop in oil prices, which impacts energy-exporting countries and exacerbates global economic downturns [2] Current State of the European Economy - The Eurozone GDP growth was 0.3% in Q1 2025 but fell to 0.1% in Q2, indicating a lack of sustainable growth driven by internal economic factors [4] - Germany's GDP is projected to decline by 0.2% in 2025, reflecting structural issues such as energy transition delays and declining industrial competitiveness [4] - The Eurozone unemployment rate dropped to 6.2% in April 2025, but underlying issues indicate a stagnation in job creation and rising hidden unemployment [5] - Industrial production in Europe saw a temporary spike but quickly fell back to low levels, with Germany's industrial output down over 20% compared to a decade ago [6] Inflation Dynamics - The Eurozone inflation rate decreased to 1.9% in May 2025, below the ECB's target, primarily due to falling energy prices [8] - ECB forecasts suggest inflation may drop further to 1.4% in Q1 2026, with wage growth also slowing, indicating potential deflationary risks [8] Economic Conditions of Major European Countries - Germany, Italy, and France, which account for over 50% of the EU's GDP, are facing significant economic challenges, with Germany's GDP growth at 0.7% and Italy's economy stagnating for nearly 20 years [9][10][11] - France's economic model is struggling to adapt to global competition, with low productivity growth and high labor costs hindering investment [11] ECB Monetary Policy - The ECB has implemented a series of interest rate cuts, bringing the deposit rate down to 2% as of June 2025, in response to economic weakness and low inflation [12] - There are indications that the ECB may pause further rate cuts, reflecting a cautious approach to avoid excessive monetary easing [13] Root Causes of the European Economic Crisis - The energy crisis, particularly the reliance on Russian gas, has severely impacted industrial competitiveness, leading to high energy costs and industrial decline [15] - Deindustrialization and a lack of technological sovereignty are evident, with Europe lagging in digital and technological advancements [16] - Geopolitical dependencies and strategic missteps have left Europe vulnerable, particularly in the context of U.S. trade policies and the Ukraine conflict [17] - Social and demographic challenges, including low birth rates and immigration issues, are exacerbating economic pressures [18] Pathways for Economic Recovery - Strategies for recovery include restoring affordable energy supplies, establishing technological sovereignty, and reforming social policies to address demographic challenges [19][20]

Core Insights - The recent product launches by Apple and Huawei highlight the rise and confidence of China's technology sector, reflecting a shift from a "global division of labor" model to a "self-sustaining" ecosystem [1][2] - The transformation in the industry paradigm is seen as a structural "technology bull market" that supports China's economic transition and upgrade [1][3] Industry Transformation - The "Apple chain" exemplifies a globalized division of labor, while the "Huawei chain" represents a new paradigm focused on self-sufficiency and collaboration [2] - The shift from "efficiency" in the Apple chain to "autonomy" and "coexistence" in the Huawei chain signifies a fundamental change in the value distribution and control within the industry [2][3] Market Dynamics - Huawei regained the top market share in China's smartphone sector for the first time in four years, while Apple's shipments declined by 1.3%, indicating a competitive shift in the market landscape [3] - The focus of investment is transitioning from benefiting from the global efficiency of the Apple chain to betting on the rise of China's technological self-sufficiency [3] Driving Forces - The dual drivers of "technological sovereignty" and "ecological attraction" are identified as the core forces fueling the structural bull market [4][5] - China's R&D expenditure is projected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, with a research intensity surpassing the average level of EU countries, indicating a strong commitment to innovation [5] Ecosystem Development - The growth of the HarmonyOS ecosystem, with over 1 billion devices and 6.75 million registered developers, positions it as a significant player in the market, surpassing iOS [5][6] - The collaborative nature of the ecosystem is expected to create exponential value growth for companies involved, moving beyond linear growth models [6] Investment Strategy - The investment strategy focuses on capturing the core engines of the "technology bull market" through a systematic approach within the FOF ecosystem [7][8] - Companies like Muxi Technology and Longxin Storage are highlighted as key players in the semiconductor and storage sectors, contributing to national information security and technological independence [7][8] Future Outlook - The transition from the "Apple chain" to the "Huawei chain" signifies a fundamental change in the growth dynamics, value logic, and future landscape of China's technology industry [8] - The emergence of a "technology bull market" is seen as a long-term and profound revaluation of value, requiring patient capital to support the growth of local technology enterprises [8]

Core Insights - Mistral AI, a leading AI company in France, raised €1.7 billion (approximately $2 billion) in a Series C funding round led by ASML, increasing its valuation from $6.4 billion to about $13.7 billion [2][3] - Mistral AI is recognized as a competitor to major US AI firms like OpenAI and Google, with its chatbot Le Chat being enhanced with features such as deep research and voice capabilities [3][4] - The partnership with ASML aims to leverage AI to address engineering challenges in the semiconductor industry, highlighting the interconnectedness of AI and semiconductor technologies [6][7] Funding and Valuation - The recent funding round has more than doubled Mistral's valuation to approximately $13.7 billion [2] - Notable investors in this round include Nvidia, DST Global, Andreessen Horowitz, and others [2] Product Development - Mistral has released several advanced AI models, including Mistral Medium 3 and Mistral Code, which outperform competitors' solutions [4] - The company is also focusing on inference-optimized AI models, positioning itself competitively in the current AI landscape [4] Strategic Partnership - ASML's investment is seen as a strategic move to enhance the entire technology chain from AI development to infrastructure engineering [5][6] - ASML's CEO emphasized that the collaboration will bring significant benefits to ASML's customers through innovative products and solutions [4][6] Market Context - The collaboration between a semiconductor equipment supplier and an AI startup reflects the growing importance of AI in semiconductor manufacturing [6][7] - The concept of "technological sovereignty" is driving interest in such partnerships in the post-globalization era [7]