蓝佛安：聚焦高质量发展关键领域、薄弱环节 加强财税政策支持和资金保障 智通财经5月3日电，财政部党组书记、部长蓝佛安日前在求是杂志发表文章《更加积极财政政策的科学 设计与成功实践》，其中提出，凡事预则立，不预则废。当前，美国对所有贸易伙伴实施所谓"对等关 税"正在持续引发全球市场动荡，我国经济发展面临的不利影响加深，经济运行面临新情况新挑战，需 要深入实施更加积极的财政政策，有效对冲外部风险对我国经济的不利冲击。财政部门要深入贯彻落实 中央经济工作会议精神和今年《政府工作报告》部署，聚焦高质量发展关键领域、薄弱环节，加强财税 政策支持和资金保障，精准施策、持续用力，充分释放财政政策效能。 ...

Macro Economic Policy - The recent important national meeting has outlined the economic work priorities and goals for the near future, emphasizing the continuation of proactive fiscal policies and increased investment in infrastructure, which will inject strong momentum into the financial market [1] - The advancement of infrastructure projects is expected to boost related industries such as steel, cement, and construction machinery, leading to more orders and improved performance, thereby attracting capital inflow into related stocks and driving up their prices [1] - Increased infrastructure investment will also stimulate social financing demand, expanding the credit business of banks and improving their profit expectations, which will enhance the attractiveness of bank stocks in the capital market [1] Monetary Policy - The meeting has signaled a flexible and moderate approach to monetary policy, emphasizing the maintenance of reasonable liquidity, which will help stabilize market expectations [2] - A more abundant liquidity environment is likely to lead to increased market funding supply, resulting in rising bond prices and declining yields, thus lowering the cost of corporate bond issuance and easing financing difficulties [2] - The low interest rate environment will encourage investors to shift funds from low-yield products like money market funds to the bond market, further stimulating market activity [2] Industrial Policy - The meeting's support measures for emerging industries and key sectors are expected to reshape investment hotspots in the financial market, particularly in areas like new energy, artificial intelligence, and semiconductors [4] - Policies such as tax incentives and fiscal subsidies will attract significant capital into these sectors, leading to increased investor interest and potential stock price surges in related concept stocks [4] - Venture capital and private equity firms are likely to increase investments in startups within emerging industries, providing necessary funding for innovation and development, thus fostering a virtuous cycle between capital markets and the real economy [4] Capital Market Reform - The meeting's deployment of capital market reform will enhance the vitality and competitiveness of the financial market, with proposed measures to improve the registration system, strengthen investor protection, and enhance the quality of listed companies [4] - These reforms are expected to attract more long-term capital into the market and optimize the investor structure, while also boosting foreign confidence in China's capital market, potentially increasing the inflow of northbound funds and enhancing market valuation [4]

免责声明：本报告中的信息均来源于公开可获得资料，瑞达期货股份有限公司力求准确可靠，但对这些信息的准确性及完整性不做任何保 证，据此投资，责任自负。本报告不构成个人投资建议，客户应考虑本报告中的任何意见或建议是否符合其特定状况。本报告版权仅为我公 司所有，未经书面许可，任何机构和个人不得以任何形式翻版、复制和发布。如引用、刊发，需注明出处为瑞达期货股份有限公司研究院， 且不得对本报告进行有悖原意的引用、删节和修改。 | 项目类别 | 数据指标 IF主力合约（2506） | 最新 3730.6 | 环比 数据指标 -7.0↓ IF次主力合约（2505） | 最新 3762.2 | 环比 -8.0↓ | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | IH主力合约（2506） | 2628.0 | +1.6↑ IH次主力合约（2505） | 2645.4 | +2.2↑ | | | IC主力合约（2506） | 5471.0 | -28.8↓ IC次主力合约（2505） | 5556.0 | -29.8↓ | | | IM主力合约（2506） | 5729.0 | -56.0↓ ...

截至2025年4月28日 09:52，30年国债ETF博时(511130)上涨0.16%，最新价报112.13元。流动性方面，30年国债ETF博时盘中换手5.11%，成交3.35亿元。拉长 时间看，截至4月25日，30年国债ETF博时近1月日均成交30.58亿元。 招商证券张伟点评重要会议称，货币政策保持适度宽松，资金面也将维持合理充裕。并且货币政策将加强与财政政策配合，接下来政府债券发行保持偏快节 奏对债市影响可控。关注2季度经济变化，降息降准仍有可能，因而债市短期风险小，仍处于友好环境。债市交易性难度提升，维持市场中性久期，多看少 动为宜，长债调整时候择机加仓。 从资金净流入方面来看，30年国债ETF博时近4天获得连续资金净流入，最高单日获得3510.28万元净流入，合计"吸金"5054.02万元，日均净流入达1263.51万 元。 数据显示，杠杆资金持续布局中。30年国债ETF博时最新融资买入额达6724.47万元，最新融资余额达7928.72万元。 截至4月25日，30年国债ETF博时近1年净值上涨14.21%，指数债券型基金排名3/373，居于前0.80%。从收益能力看，截至2025年4月25日，3 ...

具体看，在财政政策方面，会议强调，"加快地方政府专项债券、超长期特别国债等发行使用"。 本报记者韩昱 温彬认为，二季度中央金融机构注资特别国债和超长期特别国债开启发行，加之专项债券"自审自发"加 速推进，新增专项债券发行也会加快。 4月25日，中共中央政治局召开会议，分析研究当前经济形势和经济工作。会议强调，要加紧实施更加 积极有为的宏观政策，用好用足更加积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策。 展望未来，温彬表示，财政政策仍有加力空间，可能出台的增量政策举措包括，一是上调广义财政赤字 率目标，增发国债或特别国债；二是盘活地方债结存限额；三是加大消费补贴力度、扩大补贴范围，培 育壮大文化旅游消费、家政服务消费、数字消费、体育消费等新的消费增长点。 中信证券首席经济学家明明表示，"用好"体现在存量政策加速落地，今年一季度，财政发力支持经 济"开门红"，后续将加快专项债券以及超长期特别国债的发行使用，更好地促进经济增长、对冲外部扰 动。"用足"体现在"根据形势变化及时推出增量储备政策，加强超常规逆周期调节"，财政政策空间充 足，货币政策和财政政策的配合也将进一步加强。 从超长期特别国债角度看，今年我国拟发行超长期特别 ...

Group 1 - The issuance of special government bonds in China has accelerated, with a total of 286 billion yuan issued on April 24, marking the first issuance of the year and accounting for approximately 16% of the annual target of 1.8 trillion yuan [1][2] - The issuance of special bonds is part of a broader strategy to enhance macroeconomic stability amid significant economic pressures, with a focus on supporting specific projects and stabilizing financial markets [1][2] - The 2025 special bond issuance plan includes 1.3 trillion yuan for long-term projects and 500 billion yuan specifically for capital replenishment of state-owned commercial banks, reflecting an 80% increase from the previous year [1][3] Group 2 - The first tranche of special bonds includes 1.65 trillion yuan for central financial institution capital injection, representing about 33% of the total planned for this purpose [2] - The issuance timeline has been moved up compared to last year, with this year's first issuance occurring significantly earlier than the previous year's [2][4] - The funds from the special bonds will be allocated primarily to local governments, with 87.7% designated for transfer payments, indicating a strong focus on regional economic support [4] Group 3 - The special bonds are expected to enhance the capital base of major state-owned banks, which are crucial for maintaining financial stability and supporting the real economy [3][4] - The government aims to use the proceeds from the special bonds to fund various strategic initiatives, including infrastructure development, ecological protection, and upgrading public services [3][4] - The bonds will be issued in various maturities, including 20, 30, and 50 years, and will be available for purchase by individual investors through designated channels [4][5]

"一季度财政支出进度显著加快，积极财政政策发力为一季度经济'开门红'提供了有力支撑。"粤开证 券首席经济学家罗志恒告诉第一财经。 2025.04. 23 本文字数：2737，阅读时长大约5分钟 作者 | 第一财经 陈益刊 中国在今年首次实施更加积极的财政政策，意在通过扩大财政支出来提振内需促进消费，从而稳定经 济。这一政策效果正在显现。 财政部最新数据显示，今年一季度全国广义财政支出（一般公共预算支出和政府性基金支出）约9.3 万亿元，比去年同期增加近0.5万亿元，同比增长约5.6%。这一增速与一季度经济增速（5.4%）相 近。 面对关税战冲击，不少市场人士都期待财政政策发挥更大作用。其中除了靠前发力推动既定财政政策 尽快落地见效外，针对稳外贸、稳就业、稳楼市、促消费扩内需等推出财政增量政策，也受到市场高 度关注。 财政靠前发力 观察财政政策发力的一个关键指标，是财政支出强度。 根据财政部数据，今年一季度，全国一般公共预算支出72815亿元，同比增长4.2%。这一增速高于去 年同期及去年全年水平。 罗志恒表示，其中3月份的一般公共预算支出同比增长5.7%，较前两个月这一增速加快2.3个百分 点，支出进度显著加 ...

观察财政政策发力的一个关键指标，是财政支出强度。 根据财政部数据，今年一季度，全国一般公共预算支出72815亿元，同比增长4.2%。这一增速高于去年同期及去年全年水平。 罗志恒表示，其中3月份的一般公共预算支出同比增长5.7%，较前两个月这一增速加快2.3个百分点，支出进度显著加快。而这主要源于社保与就业、教育 等民生相关支出的快速增长。 增量财政政策有望后续推出，以稳就业稳外贸稳经济 中国在今年首次实施更加积极的财政政策，意在通过扩大财政支出来提振内需促进消费，从而稳定经济。这一政策效果正在显现。 财政部最新数据显示，今年一季度全国广义财政支出（一般公共预算支出和政府性基金支出）约9.3万亿元，比去年同期增加近0.5万亿元，同比增长约 5.6%。这一增速与一季度经济增速（5.4%）相近。 "一季度财政支出进度显著加快，积极财政政策发力为一季度经济'开门红'提供了有力支撑。"粤开证券首席经济学家罗志恒告诉第一财经。 面对关税战冲击，不少市场人士都期待财政政策发挥更大作用。其中除了靠前发力推动既定财政政策尽快落地见效外，针对稳外贸、稳就业、稳楼市、促 消费扩内需等推出财政增量政策，也受到市场高度关注。 财政靠前 ...

今年以来，各地区各部门相继推出一系列促消费、惠民生政策，带动消费市场亮点频现，消费者信心指 数持续回升。 提振消费，是今年宏观政策的发力重点。近日，《提振消费专项行动方案》出台，为完善财政、金融等 促消费支持政策明确方向。相关部门扎实落实行动方案要求，从供给和需求两端发力加强消费激励、提 振消费信心。 财政部表示，将强化各类政策资源的协同，以更大力度和更精准的措施，支持增加优质供给、改善消费 环境。具体来看，一是安排超长期特别国债3000亿元支持消费品以旧换新加力扩围，已提前下达2025年 首批资金810亿元，将尽快下达其余资金；二是支持推广消费新业态新模式，支持部分人口基数大、带 动作用强、发展潜力好的重点城市开展消费新业态新模式的试点；三是支持深化国际消费中心城市便利 化建设，营造国际化消费环境；四是支持强化财政政策与金融联动，拟通过财政贴息的方式，引导带动 信贷资源支持消费市场稳健发展。 中国人民银行表示，将强化金融与财政政策、产业政策的协同，引导金融机构积极满足各类主体多样化 的资金需求。中国人民银行提出四方面政策举措：一是实施好适度宽松的货币政策，综合运用准备金、 再贷款再贴现、公开市场操作等多种货 ...

Revenue and Expenditure Overview - In the first two months of 2025, the national general public budget revenue was 43,856 billion CNY, a year-on-year decrease of 1.6%[3] - National general public budget expenditure reached 45,096 billion CNY, showing a year-on-year increase of 3.4%[3] - Government fund budget revenue fell to 6,381 billion CNY, down 10.7% year-on-year, while expenditure was 11,358 billion CNY, up 1.2%[3] Tax Revenue Insights - Among the four major tax categories, three showed positive growth: domestic VAT increased by 1.1%, domestic consumption tax by 0.3%, and personal income tax surged by 26.7%[4] - Corporate income tax saw a decline of 10.4%, primarily due to reduced tax payments from certain central financial enterprises[4] - Export tax rebates increased by 16.9%, influenced by potential trade protectionism[4] Fiscal Policy and Spending - The expenditure growth rate of 3.4% significantly outpaced the revenue growth rate, with expenditure progress at 15.2%, exceeding the five-year average by 0.8 percentage points[5] - The government plans to enhance fiscal policies, focusing on consumption and technology innovation, with a budget of 3,000 billion CNY for consumer subsidies, doubling from the previous year[7][8] Support for Key Sectors - Fiscal spending on science and technology reached 11,505 billion CNY last year, growing by 5.7%, and increased by 10.6% in the first two months of 2025[8] - Social security, education, and health-related expenditures rose by 5.4%, outpacing general public fiscal spending growth[8] Risks and Challenges - Potential risks include macroeconomic fluctuations, global economic downturns, geopolitical tensions, and uncertainties in policy and trade relations[8]