今年超长期特别国债发行工作即将收官。 10月9日，财政部公开《关于公布2025年第四季度国债发行有关安排的通知》（下称《通知》），明确 今年第四季度超长期特别国债发行安排，即在10月10日和10月14日分别发行50年期和20年期超长期特别 国债。这意味着今年全年1.3万亿元超长期特别国债发行工作将在10月14日结束。 根据财政部9月底公开的《关于2025年超长期特别国债（三期）第三次续发行工作有关事宜的通知》， 10月10日即将发行50年期超长期特别国债规模为300亿元。这也意味着今年最后一只将于10月14日发行 的20年期超长期特别国债发行规模为400亿元。 与普通国债不同，超长期特别国债是特殊时期的特殊工具，2024年中国开始连续几年发行超长期特别国 债，专门用于国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力（即"两重"）建设和大规模设备更新和消费品以旧 换新（即"两新"）领域。其中2025年中国计划全年发行1.3万亿元超长期特别国债用于"两重""两新"，4 月24日发行了今年的第一只超长期特别国债，发行节奏较去年有所提前，而10月14日将发行今年最后一 只超长期特别国债。 今年4月份财政部公开的超长期特别国债发行计 ...

2025.10. 09 本文字数：1271，阅读时长大约2分钟 作者 | 第一财经 陈益刊 近日《国务院关于2024年度政府债务管理情况的报告》称，下一步要更好发挥超长期特别国债作 用。畅通各方信息共享渠道，推动自上而下统筹谋划重大项目，集中力量支持发展急需、长远有利的 大事要事难事。认真评估"两新"政策实施情况，优化完善政策安排。加强"两重"项目全生命周期管 理，项目建设期内加强资金分配使用监管，项目建成后加强对项目运营、收益、资产等情况的管理。 做好超长期特别国债还本付息资金安排。 微信编辑 | 苏小 今年超长期特别国债发行工作即将收官。 10月9日，财政部公开《关于公布2025年第四季度国债发行有关安排的通知》（下称《通知》）， 明确今年第四季度超长期特别国债发行安排，即在10月10日和10月14日分别发行50年期和20年期 超长期特别国债。这意味着今年全年1.3万亿元超长期特别国债发行工作将在10月14日结束。 与普通国债不同，超长期特别国债是特殊时期的特殊工具，2024年中国开始连续几年发行超长期特 别国债，专门用于国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力（即"两重"）建设和大规模设备更新和消费 品以旧换 ...

文章来源：睿小武 在当前经济形势下，超长期特别国债与中央预算内投资成为推动国家重大项目建设、促进产业升级和增强国家战略安全 能力的重要手段。本文将从政策背景、申报流程、申报失败原因、申报策略四个方面进行详细阐述。 01 政策背景与目的 1.超长期特别国债 扫码文末"投小圈" 加入行业交流群 具有期限长（通常10年以上，最长可达50年）、安全性高（以国家信用为背书）、专款专用（不列入一般公共预算，不 影响财政赤字规模）的特点。 2.中央预算内投资 中央预算内投资是中央财政通过一般公共预算安排的固定资产投资资金，由国家发展改革委统筹管理。 2025年，中央预算内投资将重点投向粮食安全、能源安全、产业链供应链安全、城市基础设施、生态环境保护、交通物 流重大基础设施、社会事业、保障性安居工程等八大方向，共34个具体领域。其强调"集中力量办大事"，重点支持市场 难以有效配置资源的公益性和基础性项目。 02 申报流程与注意事项 2、中央预算内投资项目申报流程 3、关键注意事项 项目单位基本情况：项目法人的资质、信用、财务状况等 项目基本情况：建设背景、必要性与可行性分析，建设内容和规模 前期手续情况：项目已纳入政府投资项 ...

Group 1 - A-shares experienced an unexpected rise before the National Day holiday, with the ChiNext Index increasing by 2.74% and the Shenzhen Component Index rising over 2% on September 29, leading to over 3,500 stocks in the market gaining [1][3] - The core reason for this market behavior was the significant improvement in industrial profits, with August data showing a year-on-year increase of 20.4%, reversing the previous decline of 1.5% in July, marking a new high in growth rate [3][10] - The expectation of global liquidity easing due to the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts, with a probability exceeding 90% in September, also contributed positively to the A-share market, particularly benefiting growth sectors [3][6] Group 2 - The policy environment is supportive, with long-term special government bonds directed towards consumption recovery, technological upgrades, and infrastructure, enhancing market expectations for defensive sectors [5][6] - On September 29, brokerage stocks surged, with the sector index rising by 4.4%, driven by expectations of high growth in brokerage firms' Q3 performance and a prior significant price correction [6][10] - The electronics sector saw a notable increase of 3.86%, with semiconductor companies like SMIC reporting over 90% capacity utilization and Longi Green Energy achieving a 20.1% revenue growth, indicating an early recovery in the industry [7][11] Group 3 - The consumer sector, particularly high-end products like Moutai and Wuliangye, showed resilience, with tourism and hotel orders increasing by over 40% year-on-year, supported by policies promoting consumption upgrades [7][10] - Gold prices benefited from a weaker dollar and heightened risk aversion due to geopolitical tensions, with the dollar index hitting a six-month low amid expectations of Fed rate cuts [8][10] - Despite the market's positive performance, there was a significant increase in share reduction plans among listed companies, with 428 companies disclosing such plans in September, totaling 12.045 billion yuan, a 79.32% month-on-month increase [10][13] Group 4 - The manufacturing sector showed strong profit growth, with equipment manufacturing profits increasing by 7.2% in the first eight months, contributing significantly to overall industrial profit growth [11][13] - The cost situation for enterprises improved, with costs per 100 yuan of revenue decreasing by 0.20 yuan year-on-year, marking the first decrease since July 2025 [13] - A significant net inflow of capital was observed in the week leading up to the holiday, with 19 sectors receiving a total of 149.134 billion yuan in net inflows, particularly in electronics, power equipment, and computing [13][14]

Core Points - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Ministry of Finance have allocated 69 billion yuan in the fourth batch of special long-term bonds to support the consumption of old-for-new products, completing the annual allocation of 300 billion yuan in central funds [1] - From January to August this year, 330 million people have applied for subsidies under the old-for-new policy, driving sales of related products to exceed 2 trillion yuan [1] - Retail sales of household appliances, audio-visual equipment, cultural and office supplies, furniture, and communication equipment have seen year-on-year growth rates of 28.4%, 22.3%, 22.0%, and 21.1% respectively, contributing to a 4.6% year-on-year increase in total retail sales of consumer goods [1] Implementation and Oversight - The NDRC plans to further organize local governments to reasonably manage the pace of work, improve fund usage plans, and ensure balanced and orderly expenditure of subsidy funds [1] - There will be an emphasis on product quality and price supervision, along with strict measures against fraudulent claims and illegal activities related to subsidies [1] - The goal is to implement the old-for-new policy smoothly and effectively, ensuring that subsidy funds are utilized properly and yield tangible results [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has implemented a policy to support the replacement of old consumer goods with new ones, which has led to significant increases in sales and consumer participation in the program [1] Group 1: Policy Implementation - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Ministry of Finance have allocated 300 billion yuan in special long-term bonds to support the consumer goods replacement policy [1] - The fourth batch of 69 billion yuan in special long-term bonds has been distributed to local governments, completing the annual funding allocation [1] Group 2: Impact on Consumer Behavior - From January to August this year, 330 million people have applied for subsidies under the consumer goods replacement program, resulting in over 2 trillion yuan in related sales [1] - Retail sales of major household appliances and audio-visual equipment, cultural and office supplies, furniture, and communication equipment have seen year-on-year growth rates of 28.4%, 22.3%, 22.0%, and 21.1% respectively [1] Group 3: Future Directions - The government plans to enhance the management of subsidy funds, ensure product quality and price regulation, and combat fraudulent claims to ensure the effective implementation of the consumer goods replacement policy [1]

2025.09. 30 据国家发展改革委消息，今年以来，国家发展改革委会同财政部等部门，认真贯彻落实党中央、国务 院关于实施"两新"政策的决策部署，有序下达超长期特别国债资金支持消费品以旧换新。各地各有 关部门持续完善实施机制，强化资金监督管理，推动消费品以旧换新政策取得积极成效。今年1—— 8月，全国共有3.3亿人次申领消费品以旧换新补贴，带动相关商品销售额超过2万亿元；限额以上单 位家用电器和音像器材、文化办公用品、家具、通讯器材类商品零售额同比分别增长28.4%、 22.3%、22.0%、21.1%，支撑社会消费品零售总额同比增长4.6%。 近日，国家发展改革委已会同财政部，向地方下达了今年第四批690亿元超长期特别国债支持消费品 以旧换新资金，至此，全年3000亿元中央资金已全部下达。下一步，各有关部门将进一步组织地方 合理把握工作节奏，完善资金使用计划，均衡有序支出补贴资金，加强产品质量和价格监管，严厉打 击骗补套补等违法违规行为，平稳有序实施消费品以旧换新政策，推动补贴资金用到实处、见到实 效。 微信编辑 | 小羊 推荐阅读 捷豹路虎3.3万名员工被告知"停工停产" t查询行者 2 代 H t a ...

Core Insights - The Chinese government has implemented a policy to support the replacement of old consumer goods with new ones, which has led to significant sales growth in related sectors [1] - A total of 3.3 billion people have applied for subsidies under this program from January to August this year, resulting in over 2 trillion yuan in sales [1] - The government has allocated a total of 300 billion yuan in special bonds to support this initiative, with the latest batch of 69 billion yuan being distributed [1] Group 1 - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Ministry of Finance have worked together to ensure the effective implementation of the "two new" policy [1] - Retail sales of major household appliances and audio-visual equipment increased by 28.4%, while cultural and office supplies, furniture, and communication equipment saw increases of 22.3%, 22.0%, and 21.1% respectively [1] - The overall retail sales of consumer goods grew by 4.6% year-on-year, supported by the subsidy program [1] Group 2 - The government plans to enhance the management of subsidy funds and ensure they are used effectively, while also cracking down on fraudulent claims [1] - The NDRC will continue to coordinate with local authorities to optimize the pace of fund distribution and improve the usage plans for subsidies [1] - The initiative aims to stabilize and orderly implement the consumer goods replacement policy, ensuring that the funds achieve tangible results [1]

近日，国家发展改革委已会同财政部，向地方下达了今年第四批690亿元超长期特别国债支持消费品以 旧换新资金，至此，全年3000亿元中央资金已全部下达。下一步，各有关部门将进一步组织地方合理把 握工作节奏，完善资金使用计划，均衡有序支出补贴资金，加强产品质量和价格监管，严厉打击骗补套 补等违法违规行为，平稳有序实施消费品以旧换新政策，推动补贴资金用到实处、见到实效。 新京报讯据国家发展改革委官微消息，今年以来，国家发展改革委会同财政部等部门，认真贯彻落实党 中央、国务院关于实施"两新"政策的决策部署，有序下达超长期特别国债资金支持消费品以旧换新。各 地各有关部门持续完善实施机制，强化资金监督管理，推动消费品以旧换新政策取得积极成效。今年1- 8月，全国共有3.3亿人次申领消费品以旧换新补贴，带动相关商品销售额超过2万亿元；限额以上单位 家用电器和音像器材、文化办公用品、家具、通讯器材类商品零售额同比分别增长28.4%、22.3%、 22.0%、21.1%，支撑社会消费品零售总额同比增长4.6%。 ...

本文来自格隆汇专栏：中信证券研究 作者：明明 彭阳 孙毓铭 ▍政策实施情况： 上半年国补资金快速消耗，带动以旧换新政策火热推进，但部分地区出现额度紧张甚至阶段性暂停。进 入下半年后，地方普遍采取定时、限额、摇号等方式控制发放节奏。以上海为例，自9月起家电家居补 贴改为公证摇号，每两周一次，以平衡资金使用并扩大覆盖面。 ▍结构性成效与消费拉动： 2025年的以旧换新政策补贴范围和标准进一步扩围：家电类由8大类扩至12大类，新增手机、平板、智 能手表等数码产品，汽车报废更新范围扩大，家装、电动车等同样获支持。这些举措显著提振了耐用品 消费，推动消费结构向智能化、绿色化升级。1-5月社零增速保持在5.0%，明显高于去年同期，显示政 策刺激传导迅速而有效。 ▍边际效应与后续展望： 6月以来，受资金消耗过快与去年高基数影响，社零增速有所放缓。社零增速1-5月高达5.0%，6-8月当 月增速分别下滑至4.8%、3.7%和3.4%。补贴边际效应有所减弱，但整体仍可控，随着最后一批资金落 地叠加年末消费旺季，预计下半年社零仍有条件维持温和增长。需要关注的是居民可能形成"等补再 买"的心理和部分超前消费倾向，但在政策节奏管理和 ...