6月末，银行和企业签订的科技创新和技术改造贷款金额超2万亿元，是2024年末的2.4倍，累计支持1.8 万家科技型中小企业实现首贷。 央视网消息（新闻联播）：今年以来，更加积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策共同发力显效，推动 经济稳中有进，发展质量稳步提升。 这两天，各大国有银行正在进行最后的系统调试，为即将实施的个人消费贷款贴息和服务业经营主体贷 款贴息做准备。两项贷款贴息政策将于9月1日实施，年贴息比例为1个百分点，真金白银支持消费。 今年以来，围绕经济重点领域和薄弱环节，适度宽松的货币政策不断加力。 降低存款准备金率0.5个百分点，释放长期流动性约1万亿元，下调政策利率0.1个百分点，企业和个人贷 款成本处于低位。 在河南焦作，重大基础设施项目——引沁灌区续建配套与现代化改造工程正在加快建设。 进入8月份，一系列惠民生、促消费、增后劲的重大政策陆续出台：中央财政今年安排预算约900亿元用 于支持各地发放育儿补贴，将有2000多万婴幼儿家庭从中受益；今年秋季学期起，幼儿园大班儿童减免 保育教育费，将惠及约1200万儿童，为家庭减负约200亿元。 财政政策自今年以来持续发力，效应正充分释放。 国债发行力度进 ...

2025.08.22 本文字数：1631，阅读时长大约3分钟 作者 |第一财经 陈益刊 更加积极财政政策陆续落地，推动经济平稳运行。 根据财政部最新数据，今年前7个月广义财政（全国一般公共预算和全国政府性基金预算）收入合计约 15.9万亿元，与去年同期基本持平。广义财政支出约21.5万亿元，同比增长约9.3%。广义财政支出超出 收入约5.6万亿元，同比增长约47%。 根据中国人民银行数据，今年前7个月，政府债券净融资8.9万亿元，同比增4.88万亿元。 财政支出规模及结构是衡量财政政策扩张程度的重要指标。今年前7个月广义财政支出增速（9.3%）明 显高于经济增速（上半年国内生产总值同比增长5.3%），折射出更加积极财政政策的落地。 中国银河证券首席宏观分析师张迪认为，整体来看，前7个月财政数据总量和结构基本延续持续改善趋 势。在土地收入维持平稳、印花税（含证券交易印花税）大幅增长情形下，7月广义财政收入增速改 善、回暖。在政府债发行前置下，广义财政支出力度加快上行，对经济增长起到了重要支撑。 今年以来，广义财政收入降幅持续缩窄，直至今年前7个月这一数据与去年同期持平。这主要得益于税 收收入和地方政府土地出让收 ...

Core Insights - The general public budget revenue has shown significant recovery, with a year-on-year growth of 0.1% from January to July, marking the first positive growth this year, indicating economic resilience [2][4][14] - The land market remains sluggish, with government fund budget revenue growth weak, reflecting ongoing challenges in the real estate sector [2][8] - Fiscal expenditure has ramped up, with a broad fiscal expenditure growth rate of 9.3%, the highest level in recent years, driven primarily by central government spending [3][10][14] - The structure of fiscal expenditure is optimizing, with a focus on social welfare and education, alongside new policies aimed at supporting families and boosting consumption [3][12] Revenue Analysis - From January to July, the general public budget revenue growth rate turned positive for the first time this year, with July showing a 2.6% increase, the highest monthly growth rate [2][4] - Tax revenue recovery is a key driver, with personal income tax, domestic VAT, and domestic consumption tax showing year-on-year growth rates of 8.8%, 3.0%, and 2.1% respectively [6][8] Land Market Insights - The government fund budget revenue saw a year-on-year decline of 0.7% from January to July, with July's growth rate slowing significantly to 8.9% [2][8] - Real estate investment continues to decline, with a 12% year-on-year drop in property development investment from January to July [8][10] Expenditure Insights - Broad fiscal expenditure growth reached 9.3%, significantly higher than the previous year's decline of 2.0%, with central government expenditure growing by 33.9% [3][10] - The issuance of government bonds is at a rapid pace, with a total of 9.11 trillion yuan issued from January to July, a 33.8% increase year-on-year [10][12] Policy and Structural Changes - Recent fiscal policies have focused on social welfare, with expenditures in social security, education, and health exceeding 6 trillion yuan, reflecting a commitment to improving living standards [12][14] - New initiatives such as childcare subsidies and free preschool education have been introduced to stimulate consumption and support families [12][14]

更加积极财政政策陆续落地，推动经济平稳运行。 根据财政部最新数据，今年前7个月广义财政（全国一般公共预算和全国政府性基金预算）收入合计约 15.9万亿元，与去年同期基本持平。广义财政支出约21.5万亿元，同比增长约9.3%。广义财政支出超出 收入约5.6万亿元，同比增长约47%。 财政部数据显示，今年以来地方政府性基金中的国有土地使用权出让收入降幅不断缩窄，今年前7个月 土地出让收入约1.7万亿元，同比下降4.6%。 尽管广义财政收入逐步回暖，但也仅为去年同期水平，为了保持支出扩张力度，中央和地方政府加快发 债筹资，投向重大项目、防范风险等领域。 根据中国人民银行数据，今年前7个月，政府债券净融资8.9万亿元，同比增4.88万亿元。 在财政收入和债务收入支撑下，今年广义财政支出保持一定力度。从资金使用来看，民生领域支出不断 加力，得到充分保障。比如，社保就业、教育、卫生健康等支出增速均高于总体支出增速。 随着近期养老金提标、3岁以下育儿补贴和幼儿园大班免保教费等系列政策落地，民生支出持续加力， 这也体现了财政资金更多"投资于人"。 财政支出规模及结构是衡量财政政策扩张程度的重要指标。今年前7个月广义财政支出增 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the overall stability of fiscal operations in the first half of the year, with a focus on proactive fiscal policies and macroeconomic measures that support economic recovery [1][2][3] Group 2 - National general public budget revenue decreased by 0.3% year-on-year, while expenditure increased by 3.4%, indicating a narrowing decline compared to the first quarter [1][2] - Government fund budget revenue fell by 2.4%, but expenditure surged by 30%, reflecting a strong fiscal response [1][2] - Economic growth reached 5.3% in the first half of the year, laying a solid foundation for achieving the annual target of around 5% [1][2] Group 3 - Fiscal policy has shown new highlights such as structural optimization, increased intensity, strong guarantees, and risk mitigation [2][3] - Major tax categories have maintained stable growth, with tax revenue increasing since April, while non-tax revenue has seen a decline [2][3] - Fiscal expenditure has been robust, with new special bond issuance rising by 45% and central budget investments exceeding 90% [2][3] Group 4 - Key areas such as social security, science and technology, education, and health have seen significant increases in spending, with growth rates of 9.2%, 9.1%, 5.9%, and 4.3% respectively [2][3] - The issuance of new replacement bonds reached 3.8 trillion yuan, with an average interest cost reduction of over 2.5 percentage points, alleviating fiscal risks [2][3] Group 5 - Despite the positive aspects, challenges remain, including weak general public budget revenue due to low prices, real estate adjustments, and limited space for revitalizing state assets [3][4] - The fiscal policy must remain proactive and flexible, with a focus on enhancing consumer demand and supporting key sectors [4][5] - Future strategies include strengthening fiscal resource coordination, utilizing special bonds, and promoting effective investment in traditional and emerging industries [4][5]

Economic Performance - In July, the industrial production growth rate was 5.7%, down from 6.8% in June, indicating a slowdown in production[12][14]. - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) for January to July was 288,229 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 1.6%, a decrease from 2.8% previously[12][14]. - The total retail sales of consumer goods in July reached 38,780 billion yuan, growing by 3.7% year-on-year, which is a decline of 1.1 percentage points from the previous month[12][14][23]. Investment Trends - Infrastructure investment decreased by 1.4 percentage points, while manufacturing investment growth fell by 1.3 percentage points in July[20][28]. - Real estate development investment from January to July was 53,580 billion yuan, down 12.0% year-on-year, with the decline expanding by 0.8 percentage points[21][28]. Consumer Behavior - Retail sales growth for categories excluding automobiles was 4.3%, indicating a shift in consumer spending patterns, particularly a decline in automotive sales[12][23][27]. - The recovery in dining consumption suggests that the overall decline in consumption is primarily driven by a drop in retail sales of goods[27][29]. Policy Outlook - The government is expected to implement more proactive fiscal policies and maintain moderately loose monetary policies to support economic recovery in the second half of the year[5][32]. - Continued focus on infrastructure and real estate investment is anticipated to stabilize fixed asset investment and support economic growth[5][32]. Risks - Potential risks include worsening geopolitical events, changes in international financial conditions, and unexpected shifts in China-US policies[6][33].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the construction and decoration industry is "Outperform the Market" (maintained) [1] Core Viewpoints - The establishment of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway Company with a registered capital of 95 billion RMB indicates a significant investment in railway construction, particularly in the Xinjiang and Tibet regions, which are highlighted as key areas for future railway development [2][3] - The total investment for the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway is estimated to be between 300 billion to 400 billion RMB, with a construction period of 7-8 years. The project is expected to face challenges due to permafrost sections and ecological protection requirements [3][15][27] - If the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway commences construction, it will significantly boost the demand for cement (approximately 21 million tons), steel (266,000 tons of rails and 62,000 tons of structural steel), and engineering equipment (annual demand valued at approximately 12.7 billion RMB) [3][29][32] Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The Xinjiang and Tibet regions are identified as future focal points for railway construction, with rapid growth in fixed asset investment expected in the coming years [3][6] - The railway construction investment has seen a resurgence, with a projected increase of 20.5% and 18.5% in 2023 and 2024, respectively [6][7] Investment Opportunities - The report suggests focusing on certain companies that are likely to benefit from the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway project, including China Railway Group and China Railway Construction Corporation, which are expected to be key players in the engineering contracting sector [4][38] - The report also highlights the potential for companies involved in the supply of construction materials, such as cement and steel, as well as those providing specialized equipment for tunnel construction [37] Financial Projections - Key companies in the industry, such as China Railway Group and China Railway Construction, are rated as "Outperform the Market" with projected earnings per share (EPS) growth for 2025 and 2026 [5][37] - The report provides detailed financial metrics for these companies, indicating strong market positions and growth potential in the context of increased infrastructure spending [5][37]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights that the Chinese government is implementing a proactive fiscal policy by issuing a record-high special bond quota of 3.9 trillion yuan for 2024, which, combined with 100 billion yuan carried over from 2023, totals 4 trillion yuan for local governments [1][2] - The issuance of special bonds is characterized by a scientific grasp of the issuance rhythm, with a focus on supporting major projects and driving investment, particularly in transportation infrastructure [2][3] - The government’s budget expenditure for the first ten months of 2024 reached 70,107 billion yuan, with a significant year-on-year increase of 47.9% in October, indicating a strong correlation with the accelerated deployment of special bond funds [3] Group 2 - The special bonds are directed towards over 30,000 projects, demonstrating their role in promoting local economic and social stability [2] - The government aims to expand the usage scope of special bonds and improve management mechanisms to maintain investment intensity and reduce financing costs, thereby promoting high-quality development [3]

Group 1: Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth - The fiscal policy is a key support for high-quality economic and social development in Guangxi, focusing on promoting consumption, expanding investment, and improving people's livelihoods [1] - Guangxi's fiscal revenue and expenditure growth has maintained a dual increase for six consecutive months, indicating effective implementation of more proactive fiscal policies [1][2] Group 2: Consumption and Retail Growth - Guangxi has achieved a 4.2% year-on-year growth in social retail sales of consumer goods by stimulating both supply and demand [2][3] - The implementation of vehicle replacement subsidy policies has significantly increased consumer participation in trade-in programs, with nearly 60% of customers opting for such programs [3] Group 3: Investment and Infrastructure Development - Guangxi is actively seeking various funding sources, including central budget investments and special bonds, to support manufacturing upgrades and infrastructure projects [5][6] - The government has allocated 31.43 billion yuan to support the development of a cross-border artificial intelligence industry ecosystem [7] Group 4: High-Tech Industry and Innovation - The high-tech service industry in Guangxi has seen a 16.3% increase in revenue, with technology transfer services growing by 46.1% year-on-year [9] - The establishment of various investment funds has facilitated the integration of technology, industry, and finance, promoting innovation and industrial development [8] Group 5: Social Welfare and Employment - Guangxi's social welfare spending reached 2,671.56 billion yuan in the first half of the year, marking a 6.6% increase and maintaining a high proportion of public budget expenditure [10] - The region has issued 20.2 billion yuan in entrepreneurial guarantee loans, significantly supporting small businesses and creating over 40,000 jobs [10][11]

Group 1: Real Estate Tax Revenue - In the first half of 2025, real estate tax revenue reached 261.8 billion yuan, showing a year-on-year increase of 12% [1] - The overall public budget revenue for the first half of 2025 was 1,155.66 billion yuan, a slight decrease of 0.3% year-on-year [1] - The land appreciation tax decreased by 17.6% to 253.5 billion yuan, contrasting with the growth in real estate tax [1] Group 2: Hong Kong Property Market - The Hong Kong government is considering easing restrictions for mainland talents to invest in property, aiming to boost the local economy [2] - McDonald's plans to sell all its properties in Hong Kong, with an estimated market value of nearly 3 billion HKD, while restaurant operations will remain unaffected [3] Group 3: Economic Policies - The Central Political Bureau emphasized the need for more proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies to stimulate economic growth [4] - The National Development and Reform Commission has allocated 69 billion yuan in special bonds to support consumer goods replacement programs [5][6] Group 4: Global Business Landscape - The 2025 Fortune Global 500 list revealed that 130 Chinese companies had a total revenue of approximately 10.7 trillion yuan, a decline of about 3% from the previous year [9] - The average profit of Chinese companies on the list was 4.2 billion USD, significantly lower than their American counterparts [9] Group 5: AI and Employment - AI is predicted to create more millionaires in the next five years than the internet did in the past 20 years, highlighting its potential as a technological equalizer [10] - Bill Gates suggested that individuals should embrace AI tools and maintain curiosity to navigate the changing job landscape [11]