中国在开放、安全与自主之间重塑发展范式 2025年12月，美国政府发布最新版《国家安全战略》（NSS）。此版《国家安全战略》与以往相比，更 加突出将经济安全、供应链安全、关键资源与技术控制纳入国家安全体系核心，这一变化将进一步加速 全球安全与发展格局演变。 确立经济安全即国家安全首要基础的战略定位 最新版美国《国家安全战略》标志着美国战略重心的系统性转变。它将传统安全议题聚焦于经济竞争空 间，将经济、贸易与供应链体系置于国家安全的核心位置。这意味着美国不再单纯以所谓价值观、军事 竞争或反恐来定义国家安全，而是将经济竞争、关键资源与技术主导权上升到战略层级。 该报告明确提出要通过战略性关税、关键矿产与材料获取控制、供应链等工具来调节对外经济关系，旨 在重塑美国与他国（特别是中国）的经济关系结构。这种把贸易摩擦、产业政策与供应链安全直接纳入 战略的做法是过去《国家安全战略》中所罕见的。 美国布鲁金斯学会（Brookings Institution）12月8日发布的评估中指出，新版《国家安全战略》与过去 十年美国外交战略相比，在对中国及全球竞争的定位上发生了实质性变化。新版《国家安全战略》不再 明确将大国竞争作为核 ...

中国青年报客户端北京12月19日电（中青报·中青网记者 王梓）12月18日，海南自由贸易港正式启动全 岛封关，8个对外开放口岸及10个"二线口岸"监管设施全部启用，海南岛正式成为海关监管特殊区域。 德国"德国之声"电台、菲律宾《马尼拉时报》、英国路透社等多家外媒称，在全球保护主义升温的背景 下，中国这一举措被广泛视为在全球化逆流中推进自由贸易、扩大制度型开放的重要里程碑。 "海南试图在全球贸易保护主义抬头的背景下，成为中国高水平对外开放的新高地。"德国"德国之声"电 台报道称。 "德国之声"和路透社采访的经济学家认为，封关带来的超低关税将显著带动线下实体消费的增长，特别 是对冬季前往海南避寒的庞大游客群体而言；更重要的是，这一举措能吸引外资、促进制造业升级，海 南作为连接东南亚的物流枢纽的地位也将进一步提升。 "中国海南在全球供应链中扮演的角色日益重要。"俄塔社写道。 "值得注意的是，封关日期12月18日恰逢1978年中国开启改革开放路线的纪念日。""德国之声"分析称， 海南是中国最早的特区之一，如今在医疗、教育等服务领域进一步放宽了外资准入。在地区局势升温的 背景下，海南的战略地位愈发凸显。 来源：中国青年 ...

自2025年12月18日起，海南自由贸易港正式启动全岛封关。 12月18日，海南自由贸易港正式启动全岛封关。图为2025年12月17日，海南省海口市滨海大道楼宇。(无人机照 片)中新社记者 骆云飞 摄 至此，进口征税商品目录、货物流通税收政策、禁限清单、加工增值内销免关税政策、海关监管办法等一系列封 关政策及配套文件同步实施。 侨商在海南自贸港建设中将发挥什么作用？封关后的海南自贸港将为侨商提供哪些潜在机遇？长期从事华商研究 的北京大学城市软实力研究院研究员、侨海(中国)创新发展研究院院长张洵君接受中国侨网专访作出解读。 封关是新开始 海南将更加开放 1978年12月18日，十一届三中全会的帷幕拉开，开启了中国改革开放的伟大进程。47年后的同一天，海南自贸港 全岛封关，是中国在新时代对改革开放承诺的坚定延续，是开放之路上的又一次关键跃升。 张洵君表示，海南自贸港封关是在更高起点上推进改革开放的战略部署。连接国内国际两个市场、两种资源，这 种独特地位也是海南自贸港的特殊价值所在。 其国家战略使命集中在三点：一是制度创新的先行示范，以零关税、低税率、简税制等特殊政策为基础，探索跨 境服务贸易、数字贸易、数据跨境流 ...

北京大学城市软实力研究院研究员、侨海(中国)创新发展研究院院长张洵君表示，封关运作通过系统性 制度创新，为侨商带来诸多发展机遇。侨商可以发挥自身全球网络的优势，把海南打造成"区域总 部""供应链管理中心"或"创新孵化基地"，从而更高效地整合和调度跨境资源。 中新社北京12月18日电 (记者 韩辉)自2025年12月18日起，海南自由贸易港正式启动全岛封关。受访专 家表示，封关运作为广大侨商深度参与中国高水平对外开放、共享发展红利提供了大好平台。 专家：海南全岛封关为侨商带来机遇 来源：中国新闻网 编辑：董文博 广告等商务合作，请点击这里 本文为转载内容，授权事宜请联系原著作权人 中新经纬版权所有，未经书面授权，任何单位及个人不得转载、摘编或以其它方式使用。 关注中新经纬微信公众号(微信搜索"中新经纬"或"jwview")，看更多精彩财经资讯。 在张洵君看来，海南已推出22项放宽市场准入特别措施，并实行全国开放程度最高的"外资准入负面清 单"。这为侨商在医疗健康、数字经济、绿色金融、专业服务等领域的创新布局开辟广阔空间。 欧洲华商联合会会长、欧洲华商商学院执行院长戴小璋表示，从海外侨商的实际感受看，跨境经营真正 ...

新华社海口12月18日电 12月18日，海南自由贸易港正式启动全岛封关。这是中国坚定不移扩大高水平 对外开放、推动建设开放型世界经济的标志性举措，开启中国对外开放实践新篇章。 从设立经济特区到加入世界贸易组织，从共建"一带一路"到建设自由贸易试验区，中国开放步伐始终稳 健有力。海南自贸港的封关运作，是中国稳步扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放的新探索。 封关运作，是制度集成创新的前沿实践。海南自贸港建设，不仅涉及关税政策的调整，更涉及投资、金 融、法治、政府服务等领域的系统性改革。围绕经济、生态、社会、营商环境等方面改革，海南已推出 173项制度创新案例，其中37项向全国推广。未来站在更高起点谋划和推进改革，还将持续推动规则衔 接、管理协同和效能提升，不断完善自贸港政策制度体系。 封关运作，进一步拉紧中国与世界的合作纽带。一个贸易投资更自由便利、要素流动更高效的新海南， 将吸引更多全球资源汇聚，推动区域经济一体化发展。这是向世界分享机遇、共同发展的重要桥梁。在 复杂多变的国际环境中，中国坚定不移深化互利合作，对外开放的大门不会关闭，只会越开越大。 推进海南自由贸易港建设是一项复杂的系统性工程。监管模式的创 ...

Core Insights - The Hainan Free Trade Port officially commenced its full island closure operation on December 18, marking a significant milestone in China's reform and opening-up process. This initiative is seen as a response to the current international landscape characterized by protectionism and aims to enhance global economic confidence and opportunities [1] Group 1: Hainan Free Trade Port Overview - Hainan Free Trade Port is positioned as a crucial gateway for China's new era of opening up, driven by strategic decisions from the Chinese leadership [1] - The port will implement a policy framework characterized by "one line open, one line controlled, and free movement within the island," gradually establishing conditions for "zero tariffs, low tax rates, and simplified tax systems" [1] Group 2: Policy Innovations and Achievements - Since the release of the overall plan for Hainan Free Trade Port in June 2020, various innovations in the system and mechanisms for external openness have been continuously advanced, establishing a preliminary policy system focused on trade and investment facilitation [2] - Hainan has developed 21 batches of 173 institutional innovation cases, with 82 recognized at the national level and 37 promoted nationwide [2] Group 3: International Cooperation and Economic Impact - The construction of Hainan Free Trade Port is facilitating regional collaboration and creating more cooperation opportunities, particularly for neighboring countries [3] - In the first half of 2025, Hainan enterprises recorded 167 new overseas investment projects, a year-on-year increase of 103%, indicating a robust international engagement [3] - The port is enhancing the stability, transparency, and predictability of the business environment for multinational companies, thereby increasing their willingness to seize cooperation opportunities in Hainan [3]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of the closure operation in Hainan Free Trade Port marks a significant step in China's reform and opening-up strategy, aiming to enhance trade and investment facilitation while aligning with international economic rules [1][2][7]. Group 1: Changes and Developments - The closure operation is described as "four improvements": more favorable, more relaxed, more convenient, and more efficient [1]. - Hainan Free Trade Port is positioned as a "testbed" for China's reform and opening-up, serving as a demonstration area for ecological civilization and an international tourism consumption center [2]. - The unique policy advantages of Hainan include zero tariffs on 74% of goods and a 15% corporate income tax rate, which are part of the efforts to attract high-end talent and facilitate service trade [3]. Group 2: Operational Challenges - Despite advancements in infrastructure, there is a need to improve service awareness, efficiency, and the overall business environment to support the free trade port's development [4]. - The concept of "closure" is a customs term that allows for the regulation of goods entering Hainan, with specific measures to prevent smuggling while facilitating trade [4]. Group 3: Future Goals - The next decade will focus on aligning with global standards for trade and investment liberalization, aiming to reduce investment costs and foster industrial agglomeration [5][6]. - Hainan aims to enhance the proportion of modern service industries and high-tech sectors, providing significant employment opportunities and increasing per capita GDP to at least the national average [6]. Group 4: Strategic Advantages - The closure operation reflects China's commitment to globalization and regional cooperation amidst rising protectionism and unilateralism globally [7]. - Hainan's strategic location within the RCEP market positions it as a key player in facilitating trade between China and ASEAN, aiming for high-standard international development [7].

Core Insights - Hainan has officially launched its free trade port with the implementation of full island closure, marking a significant step towards global openness and trade facilitation [2][4][19] - The establishment of the free trade port is seen as a critical phase in China's broader strategy for economic reform and opening up, with a focus on creating a systematic environment for the free flow of people, goods, and capital [8][12] Summary by Sections Development and Implementation - The first batch of international vessels and foreign workers have been registered in Hainan, with the first zero-tariff goods processed, indicating the operationalization of the free trade port [2][4] - Hainan's free trade port aims to establish a policy system focused on trade and investment facilitation by 2035, with a long-term goal of becoming a high-level free trade port by mid-century [2][11] Economic Impact - The first shipment of zero-tariff petrochemical raw materials amounted to 179,000 tons, valued at nearly 400 million yuan, saving companies approximately 10 million yuan in costs [4][6] - The range of zero-tariff goods is set to expand from 1,900 to about 6,600 tax items, covering approximately 74% of all goods, with a focus on production-related items [11][12] Policy and Regulatory Framework - The free trade port's design includes "one line open, two lines controlled, and free movement within the island," which is crucial for maintaining market security while promoting openness [4][6] - The introduction of a dual 15% income tax policy aims to attract foreign investment, although its implementation details remain complex and a point of concern for businesses [8][9] Future Prospects - Hainan's free trade port is expected to serve as a testing ground for broader national reforms, with the potential to influence tax system optimization and regulatory practices across China [15][19] - The province has seen a significant increase in foreign investment, with actual foreign capital utilization reaching 102.5 billion yuan, growing at an average rate of 14.6% annually [18]

Core Viewpoint - The official launch of the all-island customs closure in Hainan Free Trade Port marks a significant milestone, showcasing China's commitment to high-level opening-up and reform [3][4][5]. Group 1: Economic and Trade Opportunities - The all-island customs closure transforms Hainan into a special customs supervision area, implementing a policy characterized by "open on one line, controlled on the second line, and free within the island" [6][13]. - The closure is expected to attract global enterprises, capital, and talent, enhancing Hainan's role as a key open gateway for China's new era of reform and opening-up [4][7]. - Hainan's unique geographical and ecological advantages position it as a testing ground for national reform and opening-up policies, particularly in trade, investment, and cross-border capital flow [5][9]. Group 2: Industry Development and Innovation - The launch of the customs closure is anticipated to boost various industries, including tourism, which will benefit from innovative travel routes and enhanced local product offerings [8][10]. - The establishment of a high-end processing project in the health food sector demonstrates the positive impact of customs policies, significantly reducing import costs and increasing production capacity [10][11]. - The focus on high-quality development in sectors such as aerospace, digital economy, and biomedicine is emphasized, with plans to create industry clusters worth hundreds of billions [15][18]. Group 3: Policy and Regulatory Framework - The provincial government aims to create a market-oriented, law-based, and international business environment, enhancing the transparency and predictability of the investment climate [13][14]. - Continuous efforts will be made to optimize foreign investment policies and improve market access, particularly in new industries and business models [16][17]. - The integration of various regulatory bodies and the establishment of a collaborative governance model are crucial for the effective implementation of the customs closure [12][19].

记者丨洪晓文 编辑丨张星 2025年12月18日，海南自贸港全岛封关正式启动。封关运作是实施以"'一线'放开、'二线'管住、岛内自由"为基本特征的自由化便利 化政策制度。 "一线"放开，就是将海南自由贸易港与我国关境外其他国家和地区之间作为"一线"，实施一系列自由便利进出举措；"二线"管住， 就是将海南自由贸易港与内地之间作为"二线"，针对"一线"放开的内容实施精准管理；岛内自由，就是在海南自贸港内，各类要素 可以相对自由流通。 对海南自贸港企业而言，封关运作后多项政策将持续释放红利。"零关税"商品数量将显著增加，覆盖约74%的商品税目，惠及医 药、高端食品加工等重点产业。享惠主体范围也全面扩大，基本覆盖全岛有实际进口需求的各类企事业单位。截至目前，海南自贸 港鼓励类产业条目已扩至1100多个，涵盖生物医药、海上风电、专用汽车制造、绿色建材生产等，相关企业可享受15%的企业所得 税优惠。 海南自贸港封关将给海南乃至全国带来哪些新变化？对国内国际投资者以及区域经贸合作，又有哪些影响？近日，21世纪经济报道 在第六届"海洋合作与治理论坛"期间对华阳海洋研究中心理事长、中国南海研究院学术委员会主席吴士存进行了专访。 ...