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治标还是治本,探求价格低迷背后的原因|宏观经济
清华金融评论· 2025-10-06 13:14
以下文章来源于中国宏观经济论坛 CMF ,作者杨瑞龙 中国宏观经济论坛 CMF . 创立于2006年,由中国人民大学国发院、经济学院、中诚信国际信用评级有限公司联合主办。依托人大经济学一级学科排名全国第一的优秀研究力量,诚邀 社会知名专家,集中从事中国宏观经济动态和重大经济问题研究,定期发布分析与预测报告。 文/ 中国人民大学国家一级教授、经济研究所联席所长、中国宏观经济论坛 (CMF)联合创始人、联席主席 杨瑞龙 在 探 寻 价 格 走 出 低 迷 格 局 的 思 路 时 , 尽 管 宏 观 经 济 政 策 具 备 一 定 调 控 效 能,但单纯依赖宏观政策显然不足以破解目前的困局。近年来,尽管财政 政策持续积极、货币政策保持相对宽松,政策力度不可谓不大,然而其对 提 振 需 求 的 实 际 效 果 却 未 达 到 预 期 。 这 并 非 否 定 宏 观 政 策 的 重 要 性 , 相 反,仍需进一步强化宏观经济政策的刺激力度。 从经济学视角考察,价格持续低迷可归因于供需两端:需求不足或供给过度。 从需求端分析,需求不足并非指意愿层面的需求不足,而是有效需 求不足。意愿需求也被成为瓦尔拉斯需求函数, 它描述 ...
杨瑞龙:稳价格关键是稳收入,提振消费的关键是增加收入
和讯· 2025-10-06 04:17
以下文章来源于中国宏观经济论坛 CMF ,作者杨瑞龙 中国宏观经济论坛 CMF . 创立于2006年,由中国人民大学国发院、经济学院、中诚信国际信用评级有限公司联合主办。依托人大 经济学一级学科排名全国第一的优秀研究力量,诚邀社会知名专家,集中从事中国宏观经济动态和重大 经济问题研究,定期发布分析与预测报告。 杨瑞龙 中国人民大学国家一级教授、经济研究所联席所长、中国宏观经济论坛(CMF) 联合创始人、联席主席 数据表明,在连续三年左右时间内,CPI一直在零左右徘徊,PPI一直负增长,国民总支出平减指数 连续8个季度为负,这反映了宏观经济基本面 "在底部徘徊",仍处于探底之中。 从经济学视角考 察,价格持续低迷可归因于供需两端:需求不足或供给过度。 从需求端分析,需求不足并非指意愿 层面的需求不足,而是有效需求不足。意愿需求也被成为瓦尔拉斯需求函数, 它描述效用最大消费 束与商品价格及财富水平之间关系的函数,可通过效用函数的最优解直接推导得出。有效需求作为凯 恩斯主义的核心概念,它指的是有支付能力的需求,即强调厂商与家庭在需求决策时遵循双重决策规 则,其需求不仅取决于价格水平,也受制于收入约束。只有厘清需求背 ...
欧盟出手:钢铁进口配额将腰斩,关税税率翻倍至50%!
Jin Shi Shu Ju· 2025-10-02 10:20
AI播客:换个方式听新闻 下载mp3 音频由扣子空间生成 两名知晓细节的消息人士于周三向路透社透露,欧盟委员会将提议把钢铁进口配额削减近一半,并将超 配额部分的关税上调至50%,此举旨在与美国和加拿大实施的关税政策保持一致。 这些措施将成为10月7日公布的钢铁行业新方案的一部分。 欧盟目前实施一项临时机制来保护其钢铁行业,一旦配额用尽,将对大多数进口产品征收25%的关税。 但根据世界贸易组织的规定,这些措施将于2026年年中到期。欧盟一直在努力以一项更永久性的机制取 而代之,并计划于下周公布该机制。 欧盟的最新举措呼应了钢铁企业一直以来的施压,后者要求将现行进口配额减半,并将超额部分的关税 从目前的25%提高到50%。他们表示,当前配额比初始水平高出26%,而市场需求却在下降。 这一税率将使欧盟与加拿大和美国保持一致,不过美国的关税并未设定进口配额。 经合组织称,2027年全球钢铁产能过剩量将达到7.21亿吨,欧盟及西方盟国正试图遏制这种产能过剩的 局面。 欧盟还在调查市场趋势,以考虑是否出台铝制品保障措施以及征收废金属出口税。 新的钢铁进口限制体系或许有助于欧盟与美国达成协议,按照7月底美欧协议的设想,它们 ...
PTA季度报:远期供应压力较大聚酯链维持偏弱震荡
Zhe Shang Qi Huo· 2025-09-30 12:29
【PTA季度报20250928】远期供应压力较大,聚酯链维持偏弱震 第 日期:2025-09-26 ZHESHANG FUTURE 【PTA季度报20250928】远期供应压力较大,聚酯链维持偏弱震荡 观点策略 | ® 观点: 对二甲苯 震荡下行阶段,后期价格中枢有望下降 ● 合约: PX601 | | ® 观点: PTA 震荡下行阶段,后期价格中枢有望下降 | ● 合约: TA601 | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | ® 逻辑: 旺季到来,需求数据表现平平,供应度在后续四季度压力较大,整体供需格局偏弱,叠加关税等可 能影响中长期终端消费出口,中长期对PX并不看好,但近期需求预计进入旺季,需要警惕旺季超预期的可能。 投资策略 | 产业链操作建议 | ♥ 逻辑: 旺季来临,今年受制于关税等预期可能影响中长期终端消费出口,三季度整体供需恪局偏弱,下游 聚酯库存偏高利润偏差,负荷表现平平,尽管整体格局近期偏紧,中长期依然偏弱,四季度以后压力较大。 | | 场外报价 | | 核心观点 2025-09-26 | | 核心观点 | | 2025-09-26 | | 合约名称 | ...
聚酯数据日报-20250930
Guo Mao Qi Huo· 2025-09-30 03:32
·PTA现货价格 - MEG内盘 基差 -- PTA现货价格 -- PTA主力期货价格 8000 - 1700 9200 1500 7000 1300 8200 1100 6000 7200 900 700 5000 6200 500 4000 5200 300 100 4200 3000 -100 3200 -300 2000 2025- 2025- 2023- 2023- 2023- 2024- 2024- 2024- 2025- 2024-10 2024-12 2025-02 2025-04 2025-06 2025-08 05 09 09 01 02 09 01 01 OR 数据图表 800 现货加工区间 -- 盘面加工区间 POY现金流 -DTY现金流 -FDY现金流 800 涤短现金流 切片现金 600' 700 400 600 500 200 400 0 300 -200 200 -400 100 0 -600 2024- 2023- 2023- 2024- 2024- 2025- 2025- 2025- 2023- 02 0d 01 02 0d 01 02 09 01 -800 免责声 投资咨 ...
瓶片短纤数据日报-20250930
Guo Mao Qi Huo· 2025-09-30 03:32
投资咨询业务资格:证监许可【2012】31号 【一国贸易报 瓶片短纤数据日报 | | | | | 技资咨询号 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | 国贸期货研究院 | Z0017251 2025/9/30 | | | | | 能源化工研究中心 陈胜 | 从业资格号: | | | | | | F3066728 | | 指标 | 2025/9/26 | 2025/9/29 | 变动值 | | | PTA现货价格 | 4590 | 4590 | 0.00 | | | MEG内盘价格 | 4294 | 4295 | 1.00 | 现货资讯: 短纤:涤纶短纤主力期货价格跌8至6336。现货 | | PTA收盘价 | 4646 | 4652 | 6.00 | 市场:涤纶短纤生产工厂价格稳定,贸易商价格 | | MEG收盘价 | 4213 | 4224 | 11.00 | 横盘震荡,下游按需采买,场内成交有限。 | | 1.4D直纺涤短 | 6495 | 6480 | (15.00) | 1.56dtex*38mm半光本白(1.4D)涤纶短纤华东市 场价格在6300-6550现 ...
亚洲石化行业面临多重挑战
Zhong Guo Hua Gong Bao· 2025-09-30 03:12
一种解决方案是建设原油制化学品(COTC)项目。标普全球商品洞察公司亚太地区C4与弹性体部门副总 监安东尼·曾表示,绝大多数COTC项目都在借助一体化优势。他指出,一体化工厂具备物流流程简化、 成本降低的优势,且近50%至60%的此类COTC工厂专注于化学品生产。COTC工厂还能让生产商在燃 料、化学品等不同产品之间灵活选择,根据当前市场需求调整生产方向,为生产商提供了更高灵活性。 不过,雪佛龙国际产品总裁布兰特・菲什警告,石化行业的持续下行周期正影响下游投资。目前亚洲石 油行业正争相投资将炼油转型为生产更轻质产品的项目,即使有原料成本优势,但从中短期来看,这类 投资仍难以获得回报。 与此同时,过去5年全球石化品贸易流向已发生显著变化。道达尔能源亚洲贸易公司石化贸易总经理甘 尼什·戈帕拉克里希南指出,全球贸易量下降了近35%,其中芳烃产品尤为明显。这一下降反映出产能 格局的转变:亚洲已成为芳烃生产的领导者,而美国则将重心转向乙二醇与聚合物。甘尼什提到,亚洲 芳烃基聚合物出口量不断增加,这一战略转向可能重塑全球贸易格局。 市场基本面疲弱 原料采购承压 贸易流向多变 近期,需求疲软和供过于求的市场基本面、地缘政治 ...
《特殊商品》日报-20250930
Guang Fa Qi Huo· 2025-09-30 02:41
Report Industry Investment Ratings - Not provided in the given content Core Views Glass and Soda Ash - The overall supply - demand pattern of soda ash is still bearish, and a short - selling strategy during rebounds is recommended. For glass, the industry needs capacity clearance to solve the over - supply problem. In the fourth quarter, the implementation of policies and the load regulation of soda ash plants should be tracked [1]. Logs - The log market is in a volatile pattern. With the approaching of the "Golden September and Silver October" season, the improvement of shipment volume should be observed. Currently, the market lacks a strong upward driving force, and it is expected to fluctuate within a narrow range in the short term [3]. Industrial Silicon - From September to October, the supply of industrial silicon is increasing, and the balance is shifting to a more relaxed state. In the short term, the upward driving force is insufficient, and the price may fluctuate between 8,000 - 9,500 yuan/ton. Attention should be paid to the production reduction rhythm of silicon material enterprises and Sichuan - Yunnan industrial silicon enterprises in the fourth quarter [4]. Polysilicon - The supply - side regulation effect of polysilicon is not as expected, and the over - capacity pattern remains unchanged. Before the National Day holiday, the price is expected to fluctuate within a range of 48,000 - 53,000 yuan/ton. Policies on capacity clearance and industry storage, as well as the actual operation rate and production reduction implementation of polysilicon enterprises, should be followed [5]. Natural Rubber - Before the holiday, the natural rubber market has no obvious long - short contradictions, and the trading atmosphere is cautious. The price is expected to be weakly volatile in the short term, with the 01 contract ranging from 15,000 - 16,500 yuan/ton. The raw material output in the peak - production period of the main producing areas and the possible impact of La Nina should be monitored [6]. Summary by Related Catalogs Glass and Soda Ash Prices and Spreads - Glass prices in different regions remained unchanged, while glass futures contracts 2505 and 2509 declined. Soda ash prices in different regions were stable, and the soda ash 2509 contract decreased slightly. The basis of some contracts increased [1]. Supply - Soda ash production rate and weekly output decreased. Photovoltaic daily melting volume and the price of 3.2mm coated film remained unchanged [1]. Inventory - Glass inventory decreased slightly, soda ash factory inventory decreased, and soda ash delivery warehouse inventory increased. The number of days of soda ash inventory in glass factories remained unchanged [1]. Market Situation - The over - supply problem still exists. Although the factory inventory has decreased, the inventory has actually transferred to the middle and lower reaches. The weekly production remains high, and the demand is mainly for rigid needs. For glass, the deep - processing orders are still weak [1]. Logs Futures and Spot Prices - Some log futures contracts fluctuated slightly, and the prices of some spot logs increased. The basis of some contracts increased [3]. Supply - The monthly port shipment volume and the number of departing ships from New Zealand to China, Japan, and South Korea decreased. The inventory in major ports decreased [3]. Demand - The average daily shipment volume increased [3]. Market Situation - The log market is in a volatile state, with low trading volume. The short - term upward driving force is lacking [3]. Industrial Silicon Spot Prices and Basis - The prices of some industrial silicon products decreased slightly, and the basis of some products increased [4]. Monthly Spreads - Some monthly spreads of industrial silicon contracts changed significantly [4]. Fundamental Data - The production of industrial silicon, organic silicon DMC, and polysilicon increased, while the production of recycled aluminum alloy decreased. The export volume of industrial silicon increased [4]. Inventory - The inventory in Xinjiang decreased, while the inventory in Yunnan and Sichuan increased slightly. The social inventory remained unchanged [4]. Market Situation - The supply of industrial silicon is increasing, and the balance is becoming more relaxed. The price may fluctuate in a certain range in the short term [4]. Polysilicon Spot Prices and Basis - The average prices of N - type polysilicon products were mostly stable, and the basis of N - type materials increased [5]. Futures Prices and Monthly Spreads - The main futures contract of polysilicon decreased, and some monthly spreads changed significantly [5]. Fundamental Data - The weekly and monthly production of polysilicon increased. The import and export volumes of polysilicon and silicon wafers changed [5]. Inventory - The polysilicon inventory increased, and the silicon wafer inventory decreased [5]. Market Situation - The over - capacity problem of polysilicon persists, and the price is expected to fluctuate within a certain range before the holiday [5]. Natural Rubber Spot Prices and Basis - The prices of some natural rubber products decreased, and the basis and non - standard price difference changed [6]. Monthly Spreads - Some monthly spreads of natural rubber contracts changed significantly [6]. Fundamental Data - The production of natural rubber in some countries in July changed. The tire production in August increased, while the tire export decreased. The import of natural rubber increased [6]. Inventory - The bonded area inventory and factory futures inventory of natural rubber decreased [6]. Market Situation - Before the holiday, the natural rubber market is in a volatile state. The supply may increase due to reduced rainfall in Southeast Asia, and the demand faces export and domestic sales pressure [6].
港口库存处于超高水平 预计甲醇短期内震荡偏弱
Jin Tou Wang· 2025-09-29 07:16
9月29日,江苏太仓甲醇早盘市场基差持稳。早间开盘太仓现货小单商谈2245-2255元/吨,基差商 谈-100~-105元/吨;10上基差01-92~-95元/吨;10下基差商谈01-60~-63元/吨;11下基差-22~-27元/吨。 工信部等7部门印发《石化化工行业稳增长工作方案(2025-2026年)》通知:严控新增炼油产能,合理 确定乙烯、对二甲苯新增产能规模和投放节奏,防范煤制甲醇行业产能过剩风险。 机构观点 消息面 国外多数国家持续流入中国套利,9月份中国进口量依然偏高。预估9月中国甲醇进口量为163.84万吨, 相比上月缩减12.14万吨,跌幅为6.9%。 国内甲醇开工高位,下游需求回升,9月预期进口量维持高位,甲醇港口库存去库,整体外轮卸货不及 预期,江苏主流库区提货维持高位。内地甲醇市场变动不大,港口甲醇市场变动不大,商谈氛围清淡。 预计甲醇01合约短期震荡偏弱,下方支撑2350一线,建议观望。 华联期货: 节前生产企业主动去库,企业库存低位持稳,MTO开工率上升,需求改善,但是,产量与开工率高位 维持,周度进口量高位维持,供应压力较大,传统需求承压,下游开工率处于中位水平,港口甲醇库存 处 ...
瓶片短纤数据日报-20250929
Guo Mao Qi Huo· 2025-09-29 05:38
瓶片短纤数据日报 险,入市需谨慎。 ITG国贸期货 世界500强投资企业 国贸期货有限公司 成为一流的衍生品综合服务商 入 用 市 市 lle 41 客 官 方 网 站 服 热线 la 风 400-8888-598 www.itf.com.cn | | | | | 投资咨询号: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | 国贸期货研究院 | Z0017251 2025/9/29 | | | | | 能源化工研究中心 陈胜 | 从业资格号: | | | | | | F3066728 | | 指标 | 2025/9/25 | 2025/9/26 | 变动值 | | | PTA现货价格 | 4585 | 4590 | 5.00 | | | MEG内盘价格 | 4315 | 4294 | (21.00) | 现货资讯: | | PTA收盘价 | 4678 | 4646 | (32.00) | 短纤:现货市场:涤纶短纤生产工厂价格稳定, | | MEG收盘价 | 4246 | 4213 | (33.00) | 贸易商价格区间整理,下游按需采买,场内成交 不振。1.56dtex*3 ...