Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the necessity of strengthening China's digital economy as a national priority, highlighting the importance of a new type of national system to achieve this goal [3][10][12]. Group 1: Digital Economy Development - The digital economy is rapidly evolving, with significant advancements in technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, making it a key variable in global competition [3][10]. - China's digital economy has grown from 22.6 trillion yuan to 45.5 trillion yuan (approximately 7.1 trillion USD) from 2016 to 2021, with an average nominal growth rate of 16.2% [23][26]. - As of 2021, the global digital economy scale reached 38.1 trillion USD, accounting for 45% of GDP, with a nominal growth rate of 15.6%, surpassing the growth rate of nominal GDP by 2.5 percentage points [10][11]. Group 2: National System and Its Importance - The "national system" refers to the mobilization of state power to achieve national goals, characterized by its unique ability to integrate vast resources [4][5]. - The high costs and potential risks associated with the national system necessitate careful consideration of its benefits versus costs, particularly in the context of digital technology development [5][6]. - Historical examples, such as the construction of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, illustrate the effectiveness of the national system in addressing significant challenges [6][7]. Group 3: Digital Technology and Economic Structure - Digital technology is identified as the cornerstone of the digital economy, with its development being crucial for overcoming existing bottlenecks [15][18]. - China's advantages in data and internet infrastructure are contrasted with its disadvantages in critical digital technologies, particularly in semiconductor manufacturing [14][15]. - The article stresses that the competition in the digital economy ultimately hinges on advancements in digital technology [15][18]. Group 4: New Type of National System - The new type of national system must evolve to be more market-oriented and inclusive, adapting to the demands of the digital economy [12][19]. - The integration of government mechanisms with market mechanisms is essential for fostering innovation in digital technology [22]. - The article advocates for a focus on key core digital technologies, such as quantum information and integrated circuits, to drive overall advancements in the digital economy [18][19]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The article concludes that the next phase is critical for establishing China as a global leader in the digital economy, leveraging its unique advantages and addressing technological gaps [25][26]. - China's digital market demand and infrastructure are positioned to support rapid growth, with significant potential in emerging sectors like industrial internet and smart cities [26][27]. - The establishment of a robust governance structure for digital economy development is highlighted as a key factor for success [26].

Group 1 - The core argument emphasizes the necessity of innovation-driven growth for achieving high-quality development in China, highlighting the strategic importance of technology modernization to support national development goals by 2035 [1] - The article discusses the historical significance of technology as a fundamental driving force for the rise and fall of major powers, asserting that enhancing independent innovation capabilities is essential for addressing major risks and seizing strategic opportunities [1] - It stresses the importance of a unified leadership system for technology work under the Communist Party, indicating that improvements are needed in the management system for national science and technology projects [2] Group 2 - The construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces is crucial, with a focus on addressing gaps in core technologies and enhancing organizational efficiency in strategic technology initiatives [3] - The article highlights the significant role of market forces in driving technological innovation, noting that approximately 80% of R&D investment comes from enterprises, and emphasizes the need for enterprises to take a leading role in major technology projects [3] - It points out the importance of combining goal-oriented approaches with free exploration in building a strong foundation for becoming a world-leading technology power, while also recognizing the need for improved basic research investment and ecosystem [4]

Core Viewpoint - The meeting highlighted China's commitment to developing manned spaceflight, with plans to achieve manned lunar landing by 2030, showcasing the collective efforts and advancements in space technology over the past 30 years [1][4]. Group 1: Achievements in Manned Spaceflight - China has made significant achievements in manned spaceflight, establishing a national-level "space laboratory" and creating internationally leading scientific experiment cabinets [4][5]. - The development of these technologies is a result of self-reliance and innovation, with a focus on optimizing systems and avoiding past mistakes [5][6]. Group 2: Spirit and Culture of Space Exploration - The spirit of perseverance and dedication among Chinese astronauts is emphasized, reflecting a legacy of hard work and commitment to overcoming challenges in space exploration [5][6]. - The culture of rigorous training and preparation is crucial for astronauts, ensuring they are well-equipped to handle the demands of space missions [6][7]. Group 3: International Collaboration and Breakthroughs - The use of scientific experiment cabinets has led to breakthroughs in various fields, including genetics and materials science, demonstrating China's capability to achieve results on par with international standards [4][5].

编者按： 中国经济前景光明，信心在哪里？底气在哪里？活力在哪里？《解码中国经济 ——12 位经济学家的思 享课》一书由《中国经济周刊》编写，特邀黄奇帆、刘世锦、刘元春等 12 位著名经济学家，深入解读 中国经济未来走势。 当前，我国各地方政府都在积极探索运行政府投资基金，撬动更多社会资本参与，为科创企业提供融资 支持。在作者看来，除此之外，也应该注意提升当前科技创新体系内政府与市场 " 两只手 " 的协调配 合，以及如何探索出二者深度融合的有效途径。以下内容为书籍节选，内容有删减。 文|刘元春 面对纷繁复杂的国内国际形势，面对新一轮科技革命和产业变革，如何充分抓住科技发展的重大机遇， 培育发展新质生产力，是摆在我国面前的重要现实问题。 健全新型举国体制 党的二十届三中全会《决定》提出，"健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制"，并强调要"健全相关规 则和政策，加快形成同新质生产力更相适应的生产关系，促进各类先进生产要素向发展新质生产力集 聚，大幅提升全要素生产率。鼓励和规范发展天使投资、风险投资、私募股权投资，更好发挥政府投资 基金作用，发展耐心资本"。 培育发展新质生产力，首先要健全新型举国体制。科技自立自强的 ...

Group 1 - Shenzhen has attracted top global talent, with 920 scholars selected as top 2% scientists, leading the nation in R&D personnel [1][6] - The recent policy document emphasizes the integration of education, technology, and talent reform as a priority for Shenzhen's development [1][2] - Shenzhen's R&D expenditure intensity reached 6.46% in 2023, with corporate R&D investment consistently above 90%, peaking at 93.3% [6][7] Group 2 - The new policy aims to create a collaborative network among government, industry, academia, and research, enhancing the role of enterprises in innovation [2][9] - Shenzhen's educational institutions are rapidly evolving, with 17 universities established and a focus on aligning higher education with economic needs [6][11] - The establishment of the Shenzhen Medical Academy, led by renowned scientist Yan Ning, reflects the city's commitment to innovative research and talent cultivation [9][10] Group 3 - The policy encourages a market-oriented approach to research management, allowing for greater autonomy in project selection and funding allocation [9][10] - Young researchers and teams are highlighted as key drivers of innovation, with a significant proportion of research personnel being under 40 years old [8][11] - Shenzhen's experience in integrating education and industry serves as a model for national talent development strategies [11][12]

Core Viewpoint - The recent document issued by the Central and State Council emphasizes the importance of integrating education, technology, and talent reforms in Shenzhen, marking a shift from previous priorities focused on market mechanisms [1][4]. Group 1: Reform Focus - The new reform tasks prioritize the integration of education, technology, and talent systems, highlighting the urgent need for these reforms in light of the global AI-driven technological revolution [1][4]. - Shenzhen aims to explore new paths for establishing a robust national system and achieving high-level technological self-reliance [2][4]. Group 2: Past Achievements - The first round of reform measures has been fully implemented, with notable initiatives such as mixed-use land reforms and the establishment of the Shenzhen Data Exchange [3]. - Shenzhen's development momentum has significantly improved, maintaining innovation levels and openness despite complex international conditions [3]. Group 3: New Initiatives - The document outlines innovative measures for new-type research institutions, including market-oriented salary management and deepening research funding management reforms [4][5]. - The introduction of a project manager system in research institutions aims to enhance market-oriented operations and reduce administrative dominance in research projects [5]. Group 4: Open Economy - The document emphasizes building a higher-level open economic system, with specific measures aimed at enhancing cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao [6][7]. - Detailed initiatives include increasing designated entry and exit points for yacht tourism and exploring the applicability of central bank digital currency in cross-border contexts [7].

Core Viewpoint - The development of new quality productivity is essential for advancing China's modernization and requires a systematic approach that integrates both government and market forces [1][2]. Group 1: Role of Government and Market - The interaction between technological innovation and institutional innovation is crucial for the development of new quality productivity, emphasizing the need for both market functions and government interventions to address market failures [2][3]. - Different stages of technology development require tailored roles for government and market, with government policies aiding in overcoming barriers during the technology catch-up phase and market mechanisms guiding innovation in the leading phase [3][4]. Group 2: Industry Characteristics - For capital-intensive and long-return strategic emerging industries, government support is necessary to ensure sustained investment, while more market-driven approaches are suitable for dynamic sectors like the digital economy [4][5]. - In the electric vehicle industry, government support is essential for foundational research, while market mechanisms can drive the development of charging infrastructure [4]. Group 3: Regional Considerations - The development of new quality productivity must be tailored to specific regional conditions, with market mechanisms playing a decisive role in developed areas and government initiatives focusing on infrastructure and talent development in less developed regions [5][6]. Group 4: Addressing Bottlenecks - Current challenges in the development of new quality productivity include inefficient flow of production factors and scattered technological resources, necessitating improvements in market mechanisms and government roles to facilitate smoother resource allocation [7][8]. - The establishment of a unified and open factor market is critical for the effective flow of new production factors, requiring a market-driven pricing mechanism and regulatory oversight to ensure compliance and efficiency [7][8]. Group 5: National Innovation System - The new type of national system is vital for overcoming technological bottlenecks and enhancing the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, requiring a combination of government, market, and social forces to optimize mechanisms and promote collaborative innovation [8].

2 0 2 5年政府工作报告明确提出"新质生产力稳步发展"，这一目标的实现离不开科技成果从"实验室"到"生产线"的高效转化。 在全球科技竞争 已进入"创新落地"深水区的当下，科学仪器行业成果转化难的症结在哪？如何让科研论文不再束之高阁，让技术专利、实验室成果真正赋能产 业升级？ 第十八届中国科学仪器发展年会（ACCSI 2 0 2 5）期间，仪器信息网特别采访 北京市人民政府参事、国科科技创新投资产业联盟理事长索继栓 ，请他从 政府与资本的双重视角 ，分享行业"成果转化之困"的破局之道。 导读： ACCSI2025期间，仪器信息网特别采访北京市人民政府参事、国科科技创新投资产业联盟理事长索继栓，请他从政府与资本的双重视角，分享行业"成果转 化之困"的破局之道。 特别提示 微信机制调整，点击顶部"仪器信息网" → 右上方"…" → 设为 ★ 星标，否则很可能无法看到我们的推送。 科技成果转化是将科学技术转变为现实生产力的重要途径。 数据显示，当前我国每年产出数百万项科研成果，但转化率仅在2 0%~3 0%之间，而发达国家的转化率则超过6 0%。这一结构性矛盾在科学仪器 行业则更为突出：一边是实验室里的前沿技术突 ...

Group 1 - Xiaomi officially launched its self-developed 3nm mobile SoC chip "Xuanjie O1" on May 22, marking it as the fourth company globally to release a self-developed 3nm chip after Apple, Qualcomm, and MediaTek [1][3][7] - The release of "Xuanjie O1" signifies a critical step for China's chip industry, transitioning from "following" to "leading" in high-end chip development, and showcases the country's growing self-design capabilities [10][7] - The recent advancements in Chinese technology, including breakthroughs in domestic chips and operating systems, indicate a shift from "technology following" to "standard leading," with significant releases from companies like Huawei and Xiaomi [3][7] Group 2 - Huawei's CloudMatrix 384, unveiled on May 16, introduces a new AI computing infrastructure, enhancing processing efficiency and breaking traditional GPU limitations [5][10] - The launch of Huawei's Harmony OS laptops further solidifies its ecosystem, establishing Harmony OS as a competitive operating system alongside Windows and MacOS [7][10] - The successful test flight of the domestically developed C919 aircraft on May 18 marks a significant milestone in China's aviation industry, breaking the previous monopoly held by Airbus and Boeing [12][10] Group 3 - The AG600 "Kunlong" amphibious aircraft's successful test flight on May 18 demonstrates China's advancements in multi-purpose aircraft, crucial for disaster response and emergency rescue [14][10] - The introduction of the "Ji Xiang Fang Zhou" hospital ship enhances China's maritime medical capabilities, aligning with international standards and improving emergency response [24][26] - The emergence of various advanced technologies in both civilian and military sectors reflects a broader trend of technological accumulation leading to significant breakthroughs in China's strategic capabilities [30][10]

Core Insights - The rapid development of the new energy vehicle (NEV) industry in China is accompanied by a significant increase in related intellectual property (IP) applications, with a total of 1.7931 million applications expected from 2021 to the end of 2024, and 1.3113 million published [2] - China's NEV industry is facing a competitive landscape with major players from Japan, the US, Germany, and China, but there are notable gaps in IP layout, particularly in core areas such as intelligent systems and battery management [3][4] - The number of IP disputes in the automotive sector has surged, with cases increasing from 325 in 2009 to 2,147 in 2020, reflecting a compound annual growth rate exceeding 20% [5] Intellectual Property Landscape - China's automotive industry leads in battery technology patents but lags in other critical areas compared to traditional automotive powerhouses like Japan [3] - The distribution of patents is heavily concentrated in China, with minimal presence in key international markets such as the US and Japan, posing challenges for overseas expansion [4][5] - The lack of sufficient defensive patents in core markets like Europe and the US has resulted in significant licensing fees, amounting to over a hundred billion dollars annually for domestic companies [5] Recommendations for Improvement - To enhance the IP layout, it is suggested to establish a new national system and collaborative innovation mechanisms, focusing on strategic coordination among leading companies in various technology segments [6][7] - The industry should accelerate the standardization process and leverage China's market share to influence global standards, particularly in battery technology [7][8] - There is a need for a unified industry data platform and open-source initiatives for intelligent driving algorithms to foster innovation and address emerging IP challenges in the digital landscape [8]