华阳股份 20250521 摘要 公司预计煤炭价格底部在 600 元/吨，主要基于秦皇岛港 5,500 大卡市 场价判断，受一季度暖冬及疆煤外运等因素扰动，但迎峰度夏或支撑煤 价，反弹空间或小于预期。 若煤价维持当前 610 元/吨或反弹，长协煤顶格上限 570 元/吨执行问题 不大；若跌至 580 元/吨左右，需与客户调整，但保供政策和行业合作 关系短期内可维持价格稳定。 公司保供煤指标 1,909 万吨，总产量 3,500 万吨中约 1,600 万吨为市 场煤，随行就市，因此公司业绩对市场煤价波动较为敏感。 公司 2025 年生产目标 3,800 万吨，前四个月产销率 100%。七元矿井 预计下半年投产贡献 150 万吨，玻璃矿井年底联试，明年贡献 150 万 吨，于家庄资源处于碳转化阶段，短期内不贡献产能。 新建七元和玻璃矿井以动力末煤为主，初期成本较高，但后续降本空间 大，单工效率将明显改善。七元无烟煤热值 5,500-5,700 大卡，利润较 高，主要客户为五大电厂。 Q&A 截至 2025 年 5 月中旬，公司在煤炭生产方面的情况如何，包括产量、销量以 及长协煤的兑现比例是否有边际变化？ 在煤炭产 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent safety incident at the subsidiary of Dayou Energy has exacerbated the company's operational challenges, with significant implications for its revenue and production capacity [1][3][4]. Group 1: Incident Details - On May 15, 2024, Dayou Energy's wholly-owned subsidiary, Mengjin Coal Mine, experienced an accident resulting in one fatality, leading to a suspension of operations [1][3]. - The accident occurred near the safety exit of the mining face, caused by a coal cutter colliding with a drill rod, which injured a worker who later died in the hospital [3][4]. - Mengjin Coal Mine contributes 12.71% of the company's coal production and 11.78% of its revenue, with a projected output of 123.05 million tons and revenue of 5.81 billion yuan for 2024 [4]. Group 2: Financial Performance - Dayou Energy has faced declining revenues and continuous losses, with a total loss of approximately 1.88 billion yuan over the past two years [1][11]. - The company's revenue has been decreasing since 2023, with the net profit attributable to shareholders showing persistent losses [1][11]. - The company's financial instability is highlighted by its high asset-liability ratio, which reached 70.61% as of March 2024, the highest level in its history [13]. Group 3: Research and Development - Dayou Energy's R&D investment has decreased for three consecutive years, dropping from 205 million yuan in 2021 to 154 million yuan in 2024 [2][8]. - The reduction in R&D spending raises concerns about the company's safety awareness and technological capabilities, potentially contributing to the frequency of accidents [8]. Group 4: Historical Context and Industry Comparison - Dayou Energy has a history of safety incidents, including a significant fire in 2023 that resulted in five fatalities and highlighted deficiencies in safety measures [5][6]. - The company's profitability has been volatile, with multiple years of losses linked to fluctuations in coal prices, contrasting with industry leader China Shenhua, which has maintained profitability [12].

证券研究报告 一季度业绩下降，静待需求好转 ➢ 业绩总结：一季度煤炭板块业绩整体下降。 ➢ 从整体看，2025年Q1中信煤炭板块归母净利润合计241.2亿元，同比下降41.5%。分子版块来看， 动力煤板块利润下降35.9%，无烟煤板块利润下降37.6%，炼焦煤板 块利润下降69.5%，焦炭板块利润减亏，其他煤化工板块利润下降64.5%。37家上市公司中，25家上市公司盈利，比去年同期减少2家。25家盈利的上市公司中，归属 母公司净利润同比下降的有23家。 投资建议：一季度受假期、气温偏高等因素影响，需求偏弱，供给增加，煤价下降，但动力煤企业因长协价格制度，一季度业绩相对偏稳。需关注后续需求好转；预计 煤价短期仍有下行压力，5月中旬有望反弹。政策方面，煤炭协会发倡议要求，控制产量，提高质量。当前需求或为全年底部，供应下降，旺季煤价有望反弹，维持行业 "看好"评级。逢低布局高股息动力煤公司。优先关注动力煤公司中国神华、陕西煤业、中煤能源等;焦煤公司关注淮北矿业、潞安环能等;同时关注利润同比改善的焦 炭公司金能科技、美锦能源等。 风险提示：海外经济放缓；产能大量释放；新能源的替代；安全事故影响。 ——2025年一季 ...

4月，铁合金市场整体走势偏弱，煤炭板块品种价格下行及需求偏弱是其回落的主要因素。 硅铁方面，4月硅铁价格呈震荡下跌态势。基本面方面，硅铁价格走势高度依赖电价，生产一吨硅铁大 约耗电8000千瓦时，而电价又与煤电、新能源发电以及火电等需求紧密相连。今年以来煤炭价格持续下 跌，致使部分地区电价出现回落，进而带动硅铁价格下行。 从供需角度来看，硅铁市场缺乏亮点。生产端产能利用率较低，整体呈现不稳定态势，此外，除了生产 端的情况外，原料价格也对硅铁价格走势起到决定性作用。据我的钢铁网调查统计，3月全国136家硅铁 产区生产企业中，综合产能利用率为60.57%，较2月提升6.61%；全国3月硅铁产量达502,740吨，环比增 长12.26%，同比增长18.02%。不过，我的钢铁网最新数据显示，136家独立硅铁企业样本开工率（产能 利用率）为30.91%，较上期下降1.48个百分点，硅铁产量已开始明显下降。 展望5月，动力煤市场仍处于淡季，原料价格下行趋势短期内难以逆转，硅铁将继续受到煤价走势的影 响。不过，受益于4月硅铁减产，市场供需格局将得到一定改善。综合判断，5月硅铁价格将以震荡运行 为主。后续需关注夏季煤电旺季能 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Accumulate" rating for the coal mining sector, indicating a positive outlook for the industry in the near term [5]. Core Insights - Non-electric demand for coal remains high, with a focus on the recovery of thermal coal demand during the peak season. The average daily pig iron output from 247 blast furnaces reached 2.4442 million tons, up 1.8% week-on-week and 6.8% year-on-year, marking the highest level for the same period in the past five years [1]. - Cement clinker capacity utilization is at 58.2%, up 9.6 percentage points year-on-year, significantly higher than the same period last year [1]. - The Ministry of Finance has arranged for a total of 1.3 trillion yuan in ultra-long special bonds this year, an increase of 300 billion yuan compared to 2024, with 800 billion yuan allocated for greater support of "two heavy" projects, suggesting that infrastructure investment growth will remain high, supporting non-electric coal demand [1]. Summary by Sections Coal Price Trends - The average closing price of thermal coal at Qinhuangdao Port (5500 kcal weekly average) was 658 yuan/ton, down 6 yuan/ton (-0.90%) week-on-week [2]. - The average price of mixed thermal coal at the pit in Yulin, Shaanxi (5800 kcal) was 521 yuan/ton, down 11 yuan/ton (-2.07%) week-on-week [2]. - The FOB price of thermal coal in Newcastle, Australia (5500 kcal weekly average) was 71 USD/ton, up 0.11% week-on-week [2]. Production and Utilization Rates - The operating rate of 110 sample coal washing plants (approximately 50% of national washing capacity) was 63.0%, up 1.1 percentage points week-on-week but down 4.1 percentage points year-on-year, remaining at a low level for the same period in five years [3]. - The capacity utilization rate of 247 blast furnaces was 91.60%, up 1.45 percentage points week-on-week and 6.07 percentage points year-on-year [3]. Inventory Levels - As of April 25, coal inventory at Qinhuangdao Port was 6.89 million tons, up 0.58% week-on-week and up 35.63% year-on-year, remaining at a high level for the same period [4]. - The total coal inventory at ports in the Bohai Rim was 31.099 million tons, down 2.66% week-on-week but up 32.63% year-on-year [4]. Investment Recommendations - Given the recent significant declines in oil and gas prices, coal prices have shown resilience. The report suggests that the further downside for port thermal coal prices is limited, considering that the current port spot prices are below long-term contract prices. It is recommended to adopt a defensive approach towards the sector, favoring companies with high long-term contract ratios and stable profitability, such as China Shenhua and China Coal Energy [4].