上海银行股份有限公司 公开发行 A 股可转换公司债券 定期跟踪评级报告 项目负责人： 项目组成员： 评级总监： 联系电话： (021) 63501349 联系地址：上海市黄浦区汉口路 398 号华盛大厦 14 层 上海新世纪资信评估投资服务有限公司 Shanghai Brilliance Credit Rating & Investors Service Co., Ltd. 公司网站：www.shxsj.com 评级声明 除因本次评级事项使本评级机构与评级对象构成委托关系外，本评级机构、评级人员与评级对象不存在 任何影 响评级行为独立、客观、公正的关联关系。 本评级机构与评级人员履行了调查和诚信义务，所出具的评级报告遵循了真实、客观、公正的原则。 本报告的评级结论是本评级机构依据合理的内部信用评级标准和程序做出的独立判断，未因评级对象和 其他任 何组织或个人的不当影响改变评级意见。 本次跟踪评级依据评级对象及其相关方提供或已经正式对外公布的信息，相关信息的真实性、准确性和 完整性 由资料提供方或发布方负责。本评级机构合理采信其他专业机构出具的专业意见，但不对专业机构出具 的专业 意见承担任何责任。 本报告并非 ...

中经记者 慈玉鹏 北京报道 融360数字科技研究院近日发布《2025年5月银行存款利率报告》（以下简称"《报告》"）显示，5月银 行存款利率整体下调。其中，3年期、5年期整存整取定期存款下降幅度达到30BP（基点）。 外资行结构性存款预期最高收益率下调幅度较大 中长期存款利率大幅下调 融360数字科技研究院统计监测并分析国内重点36个城市82家银行共689家支行网点的存款利率数据显 示，5月份，银行整存整取定期存款3个月期平均利率为1.004%，6个月期平均利率为1.212%，1年期平 均利率为1.339%，2年期平均利率为1.428%，3年期平均利率为1.711%，5年期平均利率为1.573%。 和4月相比，长短期存款利率均有下调，且3年期、5年期下调幅度较大。其中，3个月期下降24.3BP，6 个月期下降23.5BP，1年期下降22.3BP，2年期下降23.0BP，3年期下降30.3BP，5年期下降30.0BP。 与此同时，大额存单利率亦有所下调。 《报告》显示，和4月相比，大额存单各期限平均利率均下降，3个月期下降10.24BP，6个月期下降 11.26BP，1年期下降12.25BP，2年期下降13.7 ...

Core Viewpoint - The banking industry is facing pressure on net interest margins, leading to an increase in service fees to cover operational costs and improve service quality [1][7]. Group 1: Service Fee Adjustments - Multiple banks have announced new or increased service fees, including account management fees, transfer fees, and credit card annual fees [1][2]. - Suzhou Bank introduced a new service fee for its "Zunxing Card" with an annual fee of 588 yuan for the platinum card, effective from September 10, 2025 [2]. - Uihai Bank will charge for credit business and syndicate loan services starting June 13, 2025, with fees for personal deposit certificates set at 20 yuan per certificate and credit certificates at 200 yuan each [4]. - Several rural commercial banks have also raised service fees, such as the adjustment of ATM withdrawal fees from free to 3.3 yuan per transaction by Lujiang Rural Commercial Bank [4][6]. Group 2: Net Interest Margin Pressure - The overall net interest margin for commercial banks was reported at 1.43% in Q1 2025, a decrease of 9 basis points from the previous quarter [8]. - Different types of banks experienced varying changes in net interest margins, with rural commercial banks seeing the largest decline of 15 basis points to 1.58% [8]. - The adjustments in service fees are seen as a response to the pressures from market competition and rising operational costs, including technology investments and risk management [7][8]. Group 3: Future Strategies - The adjustments in service fees are expected to become a regular strategy for banks as they seek to balance supporting the real economy with their profitability needs [7][8]. - Banks are likely to focus on optimizing business structures, enhancing service efficiency, and leveraging financial technology to manage costs while supporting small and medium enterprises [8].

Core Viewpoint - Recent adjustments in service fees by multiple banks are aimed at increasing non-interest income in response to narrowing net interest margins [1][4]. Group 1: Fee Adjustments - Several banks, including Wuhai Bank and Zhejiang Chouzhou Commercial Bank, have announced new service fees for various banking services, such as credit verification and account management [2][3]. - For instance, Wuhai Bank will charge 20 yuan for personal deposit certificates and 200 yuan for credit verification, while Zhejiang Chouzhou will introduce fees for domestic and overseas mailing services [2]. - A state-owned bank has also adjusted its credit card transaction fees, increasing the maximum fee for cash withdrawals from 50 yuan to 100 yuan [3]. Group 2: Reasons for Fee Adjustments - The primary reasons for these fee adjustments include the need to supplement income due to shrinking net interest margins and the rising costs associated with providing banking services [4][5]. - Banks are also motivated to enhance service quality and efficiency by implementing fees, which can help manage customer usage and reduce unnecessary costs [4]. - The adjustments are seen as a response to previous regulatory pressures that encouraged banks to reduce fees, which inadvertently limited their non-interest income potential [4]. Group 3: Strategies for Increasing Non-Interest Income - Banks are exploring various strategies to enhance non-interest income, such as expanding service offerings beyond traditional lending to include payment services, wealth management, and investment banking [5]. - Increasing customer loyalty through bundled service offerings and personalized service is also a focus to prevent customer attrition due to rising service fees [5]. - Additionally, banks are encouraged to innovate and differentiate their products to meet emerging market demands and avoid price wars [5].

Core Viewpoint - Recent announcements from multiple banks regarding the addition or adjustment of various service fees have sparked widespread market attention, indicating a shift in the banking sector's revenue strategies in response to ongoing pressure on net interest margins [1][4]. Service Fee Adjustments - Suzhou Bank announced a new service fee for its "Respect Card" with an annual fee of 588 yuan for platinum cards, effective from September 10, 2025 [2]. - Uihai Bank will start charging for credit business and syndicate loan services, with personal deposit certificate fees set at 20 yuan per copy and credit certificate fees at 200 yuan per copy [2]. - Other local banks, such as Qingyang Rural Commercial Bank and Lujiang Rural Commercial Bank, have also announced fee adjustments, including a new ATM withdrawal fee of 3.3 yuan per transaction for debit cards starting September 1 [2]. - China Bank will adjust its credit card settlement service fees starting June 10, 2025, with changes to transaction fees based on a percentage of the withdrawal amount [2]. Reasons for Fee Adjustments - The recent adjustments in service fees are attributed to the banks' need to respond to the earlier "fee reduction and benefit" policies, which expanded the range of free services [3]. - Banks are increasingly focusing on non-interest income to counteract the pressure on net interest margins, leading to the introduction of new service fees within regulatory compliance [3][4]. Exploring New Revenue Paths - Banks are actively seeking new revenue channels through the addition of service fees, which can help optimize their income structure and enhance sustainability in serving the real economy [4]. - The adjustments in service fees necessitate improved communication with customers to explain the rationale behind the fees and the value of services provided, balancing profitability with customer satisfaction [4]. Diversification of Revenue Sources - In addition to new service fees, banks are encouraged to explore diversified revenue paths through business expansion and product innovation [5]. - Strategies include moving beyond traditional lending models to offer comprehensive financial services and developing specialized credit products aligned with emerging industries and societal trends [5].

Core Viewpoint - Recent increases in service fees by banks are a response to the pressure on net interest margins, aiming to enhance profitability in a challenging economic environment [1][4]. Group 1: Fee Increases by Major Banks - Major banks, including state-owned banks and local banks, are collectively raising service fees, with adjustments to credit card transaction fees and other banking services [2][3]. - China Bank plans to adjust its credit card service fee structure, effective June 10, 2025, with new fees based on a percentage of the withdrawal amount [2]. - Local banks like Uihai Bank and Chouzhou Commercial Bank are also introducing new fees for various services, including personal credit certificates and international mailing [3]. Group 2: Financial Performance and Challenges - The banking sector is facing significant pressure on profitability, with the net interest margin reported at 1.43% as of the first quarter of 2025, a year-on-year decrease of 11 basis points [4]. - Chouzhou Commercial Bank reported a decline in net profit by 36.94% year-on-year, despite a slight increase in revenue, indicating a challenging operating environment [4]. - Analysts suggest that while banks are increasing fees to alleviate revenue pressure, this may not be a sustainable long-term solution [4]. Group 3: Strategic Recommendations - Experts recommend that banks focus on business innovation and enhancing core competitiveness rather than solely relying on fee increases [6]. - It is suggested that banks should deeply understand local market behaviors and tailor their services accordingly to improve competitiveness [6]. - The emphasis should be on innovative business practices that are unique to local banks, rather than pursuing growth through increased fees during periods of narrowing interest margins [6].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Outperform the Market" indicating an expected relative increase of over 10% in the industry index compared to the broader market within the next six months [23]. Core Insights - In May, the social financing (社融) stock growth rate was 8.7%, remaining stable compared to April, with new social financing of 2.29 trillion yuan, which is an increase of 0.2 trillion yuan year-on-year. This growth is primarily driven by policy factors, particularly the accelerated issuance of government bonds [3][10]. - The net financing scale of government bonds in May was 1.46 trillion yuan, also reflecting a year-on-year increase of 0.2 trillion yuan. The total social financing stock reached 426 trillion yuan by the end of May [3][10]. - Demand from enterprises remains weak, with new loans to enterprises in May amounting to 530 billion yuan, a decrease compared to the previous year. However, short-term loans and bond financing showed some improvement due to low base effects and policy influences [3][15]. Summary by Sections Social Financing and Loan Growth - The social financing stock growth rate in May was 8.7%, consistent with April's rate, with a total stock of 426 trillion yuan [3][10]. - New RMB loans in May totaled 620 billion yuan, significantly lower than the 960 billion yuan in May 2024, with the total loan balance reaching 266.3 trillion yuan, growing at 7.1% year-on-year [12][14]. Investment Strategy - Fiscal deposits remain high, indicating potential for further fiscal spending, which is expected to support economic growth. The focus of monetary policy is on the implementation of existing policies, with a need to monitor the recovery of demand [4][20]. - The banking sector's performance is anticipated to gradually recover due to the positive contribution of deposit repricing to net interest margins and a decrease in bond market volatility [4][20]. M1 and M2 Growth - M2 growth in May was 7.9%, with a slight decrease of 0.1% compared to the previous month. M1 growth was 2.3%, showing an increase of 0.8% from the previous month, primarily due to a low base effect from the previous year [19][22].

银行指数走势 投资要点： 银行业 超配（维持） 确定性稀缺时代对相对安全边际的追逐 银行业 2025 年中期投资策略 2025 年 6 月 13 日 推荐 分析师：吴晓彤 SAC 执业证书编号： S0340524070001 电话：0769-22119430 邮箱： wuxiaotong@dgzq.com.cn 银行指数 深 资料来源：IFinD，东莞证券研究所 本报告的风险等级为中风险。 本报告的信息均来自已公开信息，关于信息的准确性与完整性，建议投资者谨慎判断，据此入市，风险自担。 请务必阅读末页声明。 投 资 策 略 行 业 研 究 证 券 研 究 报 告 ◼ 复盘：板块 ROE 处于中上游水平，各子板块全面普涨。银行板块 ROE 受到宏观环境的影响有所下行，但是与其他 30 个行业横向比较，银 行板块超过 10%的 ROE 仍处于中上游水平。今年前五个月银行板块 贯穿始终，源于低利率环境下股息率的优越性、不确定环境中的确定 性以及政策托底。除此以外，险资等增量资金持续流入是重要行情支 撑要素之一。 ◼ 基本面展望：政策呵护，负债成本已进入改善通道。（1）量：全方位 扩大国内需求，信贷投放有望温和修复。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The long-standing high-yield large-denomination certificates of deposit (CDs) have quietly disappeared, with most banks now offering rates below 2% for three-year CDs, marking a significant decline in deposit interest rates across the banking sector [1][2][3]. Summary by Category Current Market Situation - Major state-owned banks have removed five-year large-denomination CDs from their mobile banking apps, and three-year CDs now have rates as low as 1.55% [2][3]. - The highest annualized rates for three-year CDs at state-owned banks are now 1.55%, while some private banks like Xishang Bank and Sushang Bank offer rates as high as 2.3% [1][5][8]. Interest Rate Changes - Recent adjustments have seen the annualized rates for one-year and two-year CDs at major banks drop to 1.2%, with three-year and five-year rates also reduced [3][14]. - The latest round of deposit rate cuts marks the seventh adjustment since September 2022, with rates for various terms reduced by 15 to 25 basis points [14][15]. Investment Alternatives - Financial advisors are recommending alternatives such as savings bonds, which offer stable returns, and savings insurance products, which provide a combination of insurance and savings benefits [9][11]. - The current five-year savings bond has an interest rate of 1.7%, while three-year bonds are at 1.63% [9][11]. Banking Sector Challenges - The banking sector is facing ongoing pressure on net interest margins, leading to a tightening of large-denomination CD offerings as banks seek to manage costs [15][16]. - The net interest margin for banks has decreased to 1.43%, down from 1.54% year-on-year, indicating a challenging environment for profitability [16][17].

Core Viewpoint - The trend of large-denomination certificates of deposit (CDs) with a five-year term is declining as banks adjust their strategies to manage interest margin pressures due to falling asset yields and high funding costs [1][2][3]. Group 1: Changes in Large-Denomination CDs - Many banks have reduced the maximum term for large-denomination CDs to two years, reflecting a broader trend of shortening deposit terms [2][3]. - The interest rates for three-year CDs have dropped significantly, with rates now in the range of 1.55% to 1.75%, down approximately 80 basis points compared to the same period in 2024 [3][4]. - The withdrawal of five-year CDs is part of a strategy to optimize the liability structure and reduce funding costs, as these long-term products are seen as high-cost liabilities [2][4]. Group 2: Impact on Banking Strategies - Banks are actively promoting short-term and structured deposit products to maintain flexibility in their funding strategies and to attract customers away from high-cost long-term deposits [4][5]. - The narrowing of net interest margins has prompted banks to lower deposit rates across various terms, indicating a strategic shift to manage costs effectively [4][5]. - Regulatory guidance is also influencing banks to adjust their liability structures, with a focus on reducing high-interest long-term deposit products to support economic financing [3][4]. Group 3: Investor Strategies - Investors are advised to reconsider their asset allocation strategies in light of the changing landscape of deposit products, with recommendations to diversify into short-term deposits, government bonds, and structured financial products [5][6]. - The current environment suggests that over-reliance on traditional deposits may lead to returns that lag behind inflation, prompting a need for a more balanced investment approach [5][6]. - For investors with higher risk tolerance, there is an encouragement to explore equity assets alongside fixed-income products to enhance long-term returns [5][6].