Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Education has issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Key Elements in Vocational Education Teaching," aiming to enhance the quality of high-skilled talent cultivation through systematic reforms in professional settings, courses, teaching materials, teachers, and practical training [2][4]. Group 1: Background and Purpose - The unique value of vocational education lies in cultivating high-skilled talent, with key teaching elements being crucial for quality [2]. - The "Education Strong Nation Construction Plan Outline (2024-2035)" emphasizes the need for reform in vocational education teaching elements to address mismatches with industry and societal needs [2]. - The "High-Skilled Talent Cluster Cultivation Plan" will be implemented by April 2025, focusing on six key fields, including new energy vehicles, to promote systematic reforms [2]. Group 2: Development Process - The development of the "Opinions" took over a year, involving field visits, discussions, and consultations with various stakeholders to identify issues and gather feedback [3]. Group 3: Main Content - The "Opinions" consist of four parts: overall requirements, main tasks, reform mechanism improvement, and organizational implementation [4]. - The overall requirements emphasize aligning reforms with national strategies and establishing a standard system for vocational education by 2027 and a unique Chinese vocational education model by 2035 [4]. Group 4: Key Tasks - Five key tasks include dynamic adjustment of professional settings, scientific design of course combinations, optimization of teaching materials, refinement of teacher capability lists, and establishment of practical training bases [5]. - Specific measures are proposed for each task to ensure alignment with industry needs and educational standards [5]. Group 5: Reform Mechanism - The plan includes implementing the "High-Skilled Talent Cluster Cultivation Plan" at multiple levels and establishing a leadership mechanism involving key stakeholders [6][7]. - A focus on the interrelatedness of professional settings, courses, teaching materials, teachers, and practical training is emphasized to ensure cohesive reforms [7]. Group 6: Characteristics of the Opinions - The "Opinions" represent a significant update since 2015, focusing on high-skilled talent cultivation and aligning educational reforms with national and industrial needs [8]. - The document aims to activate the inherent motivation of enterprises to participate in vocational education through innovative mechanisms [9]. - A systematic approach to reforming teaching elements is highlighted, breaking away from isolated reforms and promoting comprehensive changes [9]. Group 7: Implementation Strategies - Provincial education departments are tasked with creating specific implementation plans and integrating reform outcomes into evaluation and funding systems [10]. - Local educational bodies and vocational schools are encouraged to focus on the key elements of teaching reform and enhance collaboration within educational communities [10].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Education has issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Key Elements in Vocational Education Teaching," aiming to transform talent cultivation from traditional knowledge transmission to comprehensive ability enhancement, promoting a systematic leap in vocational education and creating a high-skilled talent cultivation ecosystem [6][10]. Group 1: Reform Tasks - Five major reform tasks are proposed: dynamic adjustment of professional settings, scientific design of course combinations, optimization of textbook presentation, refinement of teacher capability lists, and construction of industry-education integration internship training bases [6][11][12][13][14][15][16]. - The dynamic adjustment of professional settings will focus on high-skilled talent cultivation, utilizing big data and AI for precise predictions of talent supply and demand, and establishing a rapid response channel for new professional additions [11][12]. - The scientific design of course combinations will integrate the latest standards and technologies into professional courses, ensuring alignment with industry needs and enhancing the curriculum structure [13]. - The optimization of textbook presentation will involve collaborative development among schools, enterprises, and industries, introducing diverse formats and digital resources [14]. - The refinement of teacher capability lists will focus on enhancing teachers' professional development and establishing a dual-flow mechanism between teachers and enterprises [15]. - The construction of internship training bases will promote hands-on experience in real production environments, supporting the development of practical skills [16]. Group 2: Reform Mechanisms - The reform mechanisms will include the promotion of high-skilled talent cluster cultivation plans, establishing a leadership mechanism involving key enterprises and high-level schools, and creating a linked reform mechanism for teaching key elements [7][18]. - The high-skilled talent cluster cultivation plan will be implemented at national and provincial levels, aligning with local industry needs and enhancing collaboration among educational institutions and enterprises [17]. - The leadership mechanism will involve a team of heads from leading enterprises, high-level schools, and industry organizations to oversee the reform implementation [17]. - The linked reform mechanism will ensure a systematic approach to integrating professional, course, textbook, teacher, and internship training elements [18]. Group 3: Implementation and Goals - The overall goal is to establish an advanced standard system for vocational education by 2027 and to create a practical model of vocational education with Chinese characteristics by 2035 [10]. - The implementation will require active participation from educational administrative departments, vocational schools, and industry enterprises, focusing on collaborative efforts to enhance the quality of vocational education [18].

健全终身学习的成长体系，助力人才能力跃升。强化数字化学习平台与资源建设，依托国家智慧教育平 台、职业教育专业教学资源库等公共基础设施，联合行业企业、高校及科研机构，共同开发优质在线课 程、虚拟仿真实训项目及案例库，推动学习资源动态更新与共建共享。加大对企业开展员工数字技能提 升培训的激励与支持，鼓励地方政府配套提供培训补贴，落实并优化教育经费税前扣除等政策。营造终 身学习文化与社会氛围，通过举办技能竞赛、技术沙龙、公益讲座等活动，提升从业人员学习主动性与 职业成长内驱力。 完善多元协同的评价体系，激发人才创新活力。设立智能制造专项人才奖励基金，对推动产业技术突破 的团队给予资金支持。在制造业领域完善以创新价值、能力、贡献为导向的人才评价体系，鼓励行业协 会、龙头企业牵头开发国家认可的智能制造技能标准和评价规范，将人工智能应用能力纳入制造业技术 人才职称评审指标。视实际情况打通在职称评审、工资待遇、落户积分等方面的限制，对作出突出贡献 的一线技能人才给予职称破格晋升机会。 （文章来源：经济日报） 也要看到，我国的智能制造人才供给仍存在缺口，高端复合型研发人才短缺、一线技能人才智能化适配 度不足、人才区域分布存在 ...

手机号 15769519125 2025 年 中国中等职业教育行 业研究报告 主编：雷静兰 编辑：柯文慧 商业合作： collaboration@shuoyuanconsulting.com 1 / 28 1 行业概述 1.1 行业定义与分类 1.1.1 中等职业教育的概念界定 中等职业教育是指以培养技能型人才为主要目标，面向初中毕业生或具备同等 学力的人员提供的一种职业教育形式。作为我国职业教育体系的重要组成部分， 中职教育不仅注重学生专业技能的系统培训，还强调理论知识与实际操作的紧 密结合，旨在全面提升学生的职业能力和综合素质，从而有效满足社会经济发 展对各类技术技能型人才日益增长的需求。 中职教育在我国教育体系中处于基础职业教育阶段，承担着衔接义务教育与高 等职业教育的重要桥梁作用。它不仅帮助学生掌握扎实的专业技能，还注重培 养学生的职业道德、创新精神和团队协作能力，促进其全面发展。通过多样化 的课程设置和校企合作实践，中职学校能够为学生提供丰富的实训机会和真实 的工作环境体验，增强其就业竞争力。 此外，中职教育涵盖的专业领域广泛，包括机械制造、电子信息、建筑工程、 汽车维修、旅游服务、护理保健、计算机 ...

（来源：河北日报） 转自：河北日报 "飞手"教育怎能适应低空经济？两位企业家的心声触动张运凯委员 从课堂到航线，低空人才培养打开新空间 "这些低空航线主要服务哪些应用场景？对技能人才的需求有什么变化？"2月9日，在河北航投低空产业 发展有限公司指挥调度大厅，全国政协委员、河北交通职业技术学院教授张运凯紧盯屏幕上的航线数据 仔细询问。 对低空人才培养的关注来自去年一次调研。2025年8月，就在这个大厅，河北航投低空产业发展有限公 司负责人在展示完先进的无人机集群控制系统后，道出了心中的烦恼："能让这套系统高效、安全运行 的技术人才太稀缺了，新招的毕业生几乎没有能直接上手的。" 一家主营无人机巡检业务的企业负责人说得更直接："我们需要的是能独立制定飞行方案、处理突发故 障的技术能手，而不是只会操作无人机的'飞手'。" "低空经济已经振翅起飞，而我们的课程还停留在原理讲解、模拟飞行阶段。"这次调研让张运凯委员强 烈意识到，人才培养必须从面向行业转向融入产业，只有把企业的真需求转化为教学的真任务，把生产 的真环境打造成学习的真场景，才能让学生在校期间就经历完整的实战淬炼，做到上岗即上手。 于是，在张运凯委员的积极推动 ...

党的二十届四中全会对因地制宜发展新质生产力作出专门部署。电子信息及相关领域高层次专业人才， 是培育和发展新质生产力的重要引擎。地方高校作为电子信息专业硕士研究生培养的重要阵地，普遍面 临人才培养与产业需求脱节、学科壁垒突出等现实难题。南阳师范学院电子信息专业硕士学位点（以下 简称"学位点"）依托河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目（研究生教育类，项目编号： 2023SJGLX-082Y/083Y/300Y/296Y）、河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目（工作站项目，项 目编号：YJS2026YBGZZ46）、河南省高等教育教学改革与实践项目（项目编号：2019SJGLX379、 2021SJGLX484）、教育部高等学校电子信息类专业教学指导委员会教学改革研究项目（项目编号： 2020-YB-23），面向智能防爆装备、光电信息等特色产业集群，以"固工融创、多维融合"为基础，系统 性重构电子信息专业硕士培养体系，在夯实工程基础、整合多方育人资源等方面开展系列探索实践，有 效提升了研究生综合素养与核心竞争力，为地方高校电子信息专业硕士教育改革提供了可复制推广的实 践样本。 固工融创：筑牢工程根基，培育卓越创新 ...

Core Viewpoint - Zibo Vocational Technical University (ZVTU) is establishing a new ecosystem of vocational education through collaboration with enterprises, ensuring that students are "reserved" by companies before graduation and aligning educational programs with industry needs [1][2][7] Group 1: Talent Development - ZVTU has created a dynamic matching database for "majors-industry" to optimize its programs every five years, adding 12 emerging majors like artificial intelligence and big data while eliminating 11 outdated ones [2] - The university focuses on aligning its curriculum with the "Ten Strong Industries" of Shandong Province and the "Four Strong Industries" of Zibo City, ensuring that students learn relevant and cutting-edge content [2][3] - ZVTU has developed a "363+" professional cluster system that covers key regional industries such as high-end chemicals, new energy, and intelligent manufacturing, making "enrollment equals employment" a reality [2] Group 2: Industry Collaboration - ZVTU collaborates with 966 companies to offer 91 customized order classes and apprenticeship programs, where companies help design training plans and integrate job standards [3] - The university's order classes have led to high employment rates, with students from the Ideal Auto order class often fully booked by their third year and starting salaries typically above 6,000 yuan [3] Group 3: Practical Training - ZVTU has invested 300 million yuan to establish 42 enterprise-level training centers, providing students with hands-on experience using real industry equipment [4] - Students participate in real-world projects, such as battery management system development and e-commerce sales during major promotional events, generating significant sales revenue [4][5] Group 4: Research and Development - ZVTU has built a research system driven by industry needs, forming interdisciplinary teams to address technical challenges faced by companies, resulting in significant energy savings and efficiency improvements [6] - The university has tackled over 30 key technical challenges in the past three years, serving 145 companies and generating over 30 million yuan in funding [6] Group 5: Employment Outcomes - The integration of education and industry has led to high employment quality for graduates, with a job placement rate of 92% for automotive engineering and IoT majors, and an average starting salary of 6,500 yuan for pharmaceutical engineering graduates [6] - Over the past five years, ZVTU has trained more than 40,000 skilled technical talents, demonstrating the effectiveness of its educational model [6][7]

（来源：劳动午报） 转自：劳动午报 四川省教科文卫工会以企业"出题"、工会搭台、高校"献智"，探索实施"引智助企"项目，通过帮助企业 突破智能制造、新材料研发等技术瓶颈，已促成200余项校企合作等案例，构建了产教深度融合、多方 协同联动的工作机制。 打通供需堵点，构建精准对接机制。四川省教科文卫工会深入一线摸排企业需求，与市、县两级工会联 动，走访政府经济部门、实地调研近500家企业，通过座谈交流、分类引导，打消企业顾虑，累计梳理 可用需求800余项。在调研40所省内高校优势学科基础上，争取中国教科文卫体工会和四川省总工会支 持，联合主办示范活动。全委梳理212条专家项目信息，协调14个省（区、市）产业工会、中科院、中 国保利集团等，匹配20多家对口高校、科研院所和央企专家参与。 破解创新难题，打造立体服务模式。构建多层次协同联动模式方面，推动形成"中国教科文卫体工会和 四川省总工会牵头，北京市教育工会等14家兄弟省级产业工会支援，四川省教科文卫工会执行，市级产 业工会落实"的"上下一盘棋"工作格局。围绕企业关键技术攻关、数智化转型升级等需求，组织校企双 方洽谈会，达成合作意向；确定工会联络员，跟踪项目进展， ...

中新网乌鲁木齐2月9日电 (张家伟)天山北麓，校园书声琅琅；塔里木河畔，青春朝气蓬勃。在新疆，高 等教育连接着个体的梦想与区域的未来，对各族学子而言，它不仅是求知的旅程，更是一场成长与蜕 变。 来自天南海北的年轻"石榴籽"，经过悉心培育，正成长为支撑边疆发展的"栋梁材"。从新疆维吾尔自治 区到新疆生产建设兵团，一批高校正以富有特色的实践，完成着教育使命。 将共同体意识融入青春血脉 新疆高校将铸牢中华民族共同体意识这一主线，深植于办学治校的全过程，为学子打下一生成长最坚实 的根基。 田间地头成为"大课堂"。在新疆农业大学，"耕读教育"持续了二十多年，已成为一届届学子独特的成人 礼。每年秋季，数千名大二学生会奔赴全疆274个实践基地。各个专业、不同民族的学生混合编队、协 作劳作，汗水浇灌的不仅是作物，更是彼此间打破隔阂的情谊。 共同体意识的培育，更在课堂之外展现。在新疆科技学院，精心营造的"共居共学共事共乐"环境，让宿 舍成为民族团结的微单元，天南海北的学生在此成为一生挚友，同学们亲切地称呼宿舍为"小家"，一同 分享美食、互诉心声。 国家通用语言文字的普及，则像一把钥匙，为学生打开了通往更广阔知识世界和就业市场的 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of focusing on the real economy, advocating for the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and the development of strategic emerging industries during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [1] - The "three transformations" of industries—intelligent, green, and integrated—are essential for aligning with the new technological and industrial revolutions, as well as for China's industrial upgrading [1] - Vocational education is crucial for supplying over 70% of new employment personnel in modern manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, and modern services during the 14th Five-Year Plan [1] Group 2 - The revised Vocational Education Law in 2022 emphasizes enhancing the adaptability of vocational education, shifting from a "tool-oriented" approach to a "human-centered" approach [2] - Vocational education aims to develop individuals who are well-rounded, promoting self-awareness and enjoyment in their work, thus transforming students from "tool users" to "complete professionals" [2] - The need for vocational education to adapt to the intelligent, green, and integrated nature of industries by focusing on digital literacy, sustainable development, and interdisciplinary collaboration is highlighted [2] Group 3 - The transition from explicit knowledge to implicit knowledge in vocational education is necessary, emphasizing practical learning and the importance of experiential knowledge [3] - The apprenticeship model is essential for skill transmission, where learning occurs through demonstration and practice rather than mere theoretical instruction [3] Group 4 - The shift from a "school-closed" model to a "production-education ecosystem" is necessary for effective skill development, promoting interaction between various learning communities [4] - A sustainable development process for skilled talent should encompass lifelong learning, continuous employment, and re-education, involving collaboration among schools, enterprises, and communities [4] Group 5 - The need for an innovative skill evaluation system is emphasized, focusing on breaking down barriers and creating a comprehensive framework for assessing vocational education graduates [5][6] - The introduction of a new "eight-level worker" system aims to link skill levels with compensation, providing a foundation for lifelong development in the skilled workforce [6] - Building a skill-oriented society that values and promotes skills is crucial for improving the employment environment for skilled workers and expanding their development opportunities [6]