Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Ministry of Defense expresses strong dissatisfaction and opposition to Japan's 2025 Defense White Paper, accusing Japan of fabricating narratives to justify military expansion and portraying a "China threat" [1] Group 1: Japan's Military Actions - Japan is significantly increasing its defense budget and loosening restrictions on arms exports, which raises concerns about militarization and regional stability [1] - The Japanese government is forming military alliances and engaging in confrontational tactics, which are seen as a revival of militarism that could threaten peace in the Asia-Pacific region [1] Group 2: Historical Context and Implications - The year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War, emphasizing the historical significance of Taiwan's return to China in 1945 as part of post-war international order [1] - The Chinese government urges Japan to learn from historical lessons and adhere to commitments made in the four political documents between China and Japan, particularly regarding Taiwan [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a significant public gathering in Japan advocating for the preservation of the pacifist constitution and opposing military expansion, reflecting widespread concern over recent government policies that may undermine Japan's commitment to peace [1][2]. Group 1: Public Sentiment and Participation - Nearly 40,000 Japanese citizens participated in a rally in Tokyo, emphasizing their support for the peace constitution and opposition to war and military expansion [1]. - The rally featured speeches from various representatives, including lawmakers and ordinary citizens, showcasing a collective call for adherence to peaceful principles [1][2]. - The event attracted a considerable number of young people and families, indicating a generational concern for maintaining a peaceful environment for future generations [2]. Group 2: Criticism of Government Policies - Critics, including political figures and former officials, argue that the government's recent moves towards military expansion contradict the spirit of the constitution, particularly Article 9, which renounces war [1][2]. - There is a call for the government to prioritize resources for education, public welfare, and social structure improvement rather than military spending [2]. - Concerns were raised about Japan's increasing alignment with U.S. military command structures, which some view as a departure from the country's pacifist stance [1].