周三，美国一家贸易法院裁定特朗普的大部分关税将不会生效，这一全面裁决表明总统越权了。经济学 家表示，这一裁决虽然带来了一定的缓解，但又给经济状况增添了另一层不确定性。 此前美国银行研究所报告显示，2月至4月期间，领取失业救济的高收入家庭数量同比大幅增加，4月中 低收入家庭申领人数同比亦显著上升。经济学家预计，受季节性波动数据调整难度影响，6月初请人数 可能突破今年20.5万至24.3万的区间，但这一趋势与近年相似，未必反映劳动力市场状况的实质性转 变。 美联储今晨的会议纪要显示，尽管决策者认为劳动力市场总体平衡，但"评估认为未来几个月劳动力市 场存在走弱风险"，并指出就业前景"存在相当大的不确定性"，其结果"在很大程度上取决于贸易政策及 其他政府政策的演变"。 智通财经APP获悉，美国至5月24日当周初请失业金人数 24万人，预期23万人，前值由22.7万人修正为 22.6万人。美国至5月17日当周续请失业金人数 191.9万人，预期189.4万人，前值由190.3万人修正为 189.3万人。 续请失业金人数数据与非农就业报告调查周相关，且刚刚创下周期新高，这可能导致失业率上升。续请 失业金人数涵盖了政府为计 ...

不过，会议纪要同时指出，现有数据表明，经济活动仍以稳健的速度持续扩张，劳动力市场状况依然良好，但通胀水平仍然略高。 通胀方面，会议纪要指出，当前会议所掌握的信息表明，消费者价格通胀仍处于相对高位。不过，与会者对通胀的预期高于3月议息会议 的预测。预计今年关税将显著推高通胀，2026年的推升作用将有所减弱。2027年，预计通胀将降至2%。 劳动力市场方面，会议纪要认为，近期数据表明，劳动力市场依然稳健，但预计劳动力市场将大幅走弱，预计失业率将在今年年底超过 工作人员对其自然率的评估，并在2027年以前一直高于自然率。 经济活动方面，会议纪要指出，受计量问题可能的影响，美国一季度实际GDP略有下降。预计2025年、2026年的实际GDP增长将弱于3月 会议的预测，因为已经宣布的贸易政策对实际经济活动的拖累程度大于此前的预测。 美国商务部数据显示，2025年第一季度美国国内生产总值（GDP）环比按年率计算萎缩0.3%。2024年第四季度，美国GDP环比按年率计 算增长2.4%。美国商务部当天表示，第一季度GDP萎缩主要受进口大幅增加和政府支出减少拖累。 当地时间5月28日，美联储公布的5月会议纪要显示，经济前景的不 ...

Core Insights - The Federal Reserve's meeting minutes indicate that the impact of trade policies on economic activity is greater than previously expected [1] Economic Growth Projections - The staff's forecasts for real GDP growth in 2025 and 2026 have been revised downward compared to the predictions made in March [1] - The announced trade policies are expected to result in a more significant drag on actual economic activity than previously assumed [1] Productivity and Potential GDP - Trade policies are anticipated to lead to a slowdown in productivity growth, which will reduce potential GDP growth in the coming years [1] Output Gap and Labor Market - The output gap is expected to widen significantly during the forecast period due to earlier and larger-than-expected demand drag compared to supply responses [1] - The labor market is projected to weaken considerably, with the unemployment rate expected to exceed the staff's estimate of the natural rate by the end of this year and remain above it until 2027 [1]

Core Insights - The Bank of Japan's Governor Kazuo Ueda stated that Japan's core inflation is rising due to a combination of post-pandemic economic recovery, a tightening labor market, and supply shocks [1] Group 1 - The increase in core inflation is influenced by the economic recovery following the pandemic [1] - A tightening labor market is contributing to the rise in domestic prices and wage levels [1] - Supply shocks are also impacting the inflationary pressures in Japan [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that tariffs may significantly hinder the development of the U.S. economy and weaken the labor market, as highlighted by St. Louis Fed President Musalem [1][3] - Musalem emphasized that even with recent tariff reductions between the U.S. and China, the potential negative impacts of tariffs on the U.S. economy remain substantial [3] - The increase in tariffs raises the prices of imported goods, leading to higher consumer costs and increased production costs for businesses reliant on imported materials, which could suppress economic activity [3] Group 2 - Musalem, as a voting member of the FOMC, believes that U.S. monetary policy is well-prepared to respond flexibly to any changes in economic outlook [4] - He stressed the importance of monitoring inflation expectations, indicating that maintaining public confidence in combating inflation is crucial for economic stability [4] - Atlanta Fed President Bostic noted that recent volatility in the U.S. Treasury market could exacerbate existing economic uncertainties, affecting market interest rates and borrowing costs [4][5] Group 3 - Bostic expressed satisfaction with the current policy stance, acknowledging that increased uncertainty may delay the normalization of U.S. monetary policy [5] - He cautioned that aggressive policy adjustments in a high-uncertainty environment could introduce more risks, hindering economic recovery [5]

美联储穆萨莱姆：如果贸易紧张局势持续缓解，通胀可能回到目标水平，劳动力市场保持弹性，当前的 货币政策将保持适当性。 ...

美联储穆萨莱姆：美国经济有潜力，劳动力市场稳定，通胀有所缓解，但高于2%的目标。 ...

美联储戴利：经济稳健增长，劳动力市场稳健，通胀率下降，这正是我们希望达到的目标。目前的货币 政策能够应对经济中的各种变化，耐心是当下的关键词。 ...

Economic Growth - The US economy shows resilience with a 2.8% annualized GDP growth rate in Q3 2024, down from 3% in Q2, indicating stable expansion despite challenges [3] - Consumer spending, a key growth driver, is slowing due to high interest rates and cautious sentiment, while sectors like technology and healthcare are performing well [3] - Economic recovery is uneven across regions, with urban centers rebounding quickly while rural areas and small towns struggle due to insufficient investment and slow job creation [3] Inflation - Inflation remains a concern, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising 2.6% over the past 12 months as of October 2024, up from 2.4% in September [5] - Energy prices are stabilizing, but housing and healthcare costs continue to pressure household budgets [5] - The Federal Reserve's aggressive interest rate hikes have somewhat curbed inflation, with the current benchmark rate at 4.50%-4.75%, but high rates are also suppressing business investment and consumer spending [5] Labor Market - The US labor market shows signs of cooling, with an unemployment rate of 4.1%, slightly above historical lows, while overall employment remains strong [7] - Wage growth is moderating, easing inflationary pressures, but certain sectors like technology and construction still see high wage increases [7] - Labor force participation remains below pre-pandemic levels, particularly among older workers and caregivers, with 8 million job vacancies and only 6.8 million unemployed [7] Consumer Behavior - Consumers are becoming more cautious in a high-interest-rate environment, with rising borrowing costs making large purchases less attainable [9] - Credit card debt has surpassed $1 trillion, and reduced savings and high prices are further eroding consumer confidence [9] - Retail performance is mixed, with consumers prioritizing essential goods and cutting back on discretionary spending, as seen in Target's underwhelming performance despite discount strategies [9] Housing Market - The US housing market faces challenges with high mortgage rates cooling demand, as 30-year fixed mortgage rates exceed 7% [12] - Although home prices are stabilizing, mortgage payments consume a larger share of disposable income compared to previous years, highlighting affordability issues [12] - The rental market remains stable with limited supply driving up rents, adding to household burdens, while policymakers focus on affordable housing reforms [12] Global Factors - Global economic conditions significantly impact the US economy, with geopolitical tensions disrupting supply chains and increasing costs for businesses [15] - Emerging markets present opportunities for US exports, particularly in high-tech and agricultural products, as companies seek to diversify risks [15] - However, rising trade protectionism and policy uncertainties pose challenges to US trade and investment [15]

美联储副主席杰斐逊：劳动力市场仍然坚挺。 ...