1. Report Industry Investment Rating The report does not provide an overall industry investment rating. However, for each individual energy and chemical product, the following ratings are given: - Crude oil: Volatile [1] - Fuel oil: Volatile [2] - Asphalt: Volatile [2] - Polyester: Volatile [2] - PX: Volatile [4] - Rubber: Volatile [4] - Methanol: Volatile [6] - Polyolefins: Volatile [6] - PVC: Volatile and slightly bearish [7] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - **Crude oil**: On Monday, oil prices stopped falling. OPEC+ crude oil production decreased in July. The market is waiting for the meeting between Trump and Putin, which may ease sanctions on Russian oil. However, there is still uncertainty in the market, and oil prices need to fluctuate and consolidate in the short term [1]. - **Fuel oil**: The main contracts of high - and low - sulfur fuel oil fell on Monday. Supply is sufficient, and the demand for high - sulfur fuel oil for power generation in summer is weakening. The upward space for high - and low - sulfur fuel oil is not optimistic [2]. - **Asphalt**: The main asphalt contract fell on Monday. Supply is expected to increase, and demand is expected to recover as the weather improves. The asphalt market in August is expected to show a pattern of increasing supply and demand, with prices fluctuating in a range [2]. - **Polyester**: The prices of PTA, EG, and PX futures rose on Monday. The supply of PTA and EG is recovering, and the downstream demand is in the off - season. It is expected that the spot prices of PTA and EG will fluctuate in the short term [2][4]. - **PX**: The supply and demand of PX continue to recover, and the PXN is slightly strong. PX prices are expected to follow the fluctuations of crude oil prices [4]. - **Rubber**: The prices of rubber futures rose on Monday. Short - term rubber raw materials are firm, demand expectations are improving, and inventories are stable. Rubber prices are expected to fluctuate strongly in the short term, but the medium - and long - term situation needs further attention [4]. - **Methanol**: The load of Iranian methanol plants has recovered, and port inventories have increased rapidly, suppressing near - month prices. However, the main contract will switch to January, and the downward space is limited. Methanol prices are expected to maintain a near - weak and far - strong structure and fluctuate narrowly [6]. - **Polyolefins**: The检修 season is coming to an end, and supply will remain high. With the approaching of the peak demand season, demand is expected to increase. Polyolefin prices are expected to fluctuate narrowly [6]. - **PVC**: Supply remains high, demand is gradually picking up, and inventories are expected to decline slowly. The basis and monthly spread have widened, and the market's short - selling power may recover. PVC prices are expected to fluctuate weakly [7]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Research Views - **Crude oil**: WTI September contract closed up $0.08 to $63.96/barrel, a 0.13% increase; Brent October contract closed up $0.04 to $66.63/barrel, a 0.06% increase; SC2509 closed at 494 yuan/barrel, up 1.5 yuan/barrel, a 0.3% increase. OPEC+ July production decreased to 41.65 million barrels per day. OPEC cut production by 190,000 barrels per day in July, with Saudi Arabia cutting 300,000 barrels per day. Non - OPEC allies increased production by 50,000 barrels per day. Russia increased production by 70,000 barrels per day but was still below the quota [1]. - **Fuel oil**: The main contract of high - sulfur fuel oil (FU2509) fell 1.39% to 2,760 yuan/ton; the main contract of low - sulfur fuel oil (LU2510) fell 0.92% to 3,463 yuan/ton. Supply is sufficient, and the spot premium of Singapore low - sulfur fuel oil has fallen to a four - month low [2]. - **Asphalt**: The main asphalt contract (BU2509) fell 0.51% to 3,512 yuan/ton. Supply is expected to increase, and demand is expected to recover as the weather improves [2]. - **Polyester**: TA509 closed up 0.47% at 4,706 yuan/ton; EG2509 closed up 0.68% at 4,414 yuan/ton; the main PX contract (509) closed up 0.77% at 6,778 yuan/ton. The production and sales of polyester yarn in Zhejiang and Jiangsu have declined [2]. - **PX**: Supply and demand continue to recover, and prices are expected to follow crude oil price fluctuations [4]. - **Rubber**: The main rubber contracts (RU2601, NR, BR) rose on Monday. Short - term rubber raw materials are firm, and prices are expected to fluctuate strongly [4]. - **Methanol**: The spot price in Taicang is 2,382 yuan/ton. Iranian plant load has recovered, and port inventories have increased rapidly [6]. - **Polyolefins**: The mainstream price of East China拉丝 is 7,020 - 7,150 yuan/ton. The supply will remain high, and demand is expected to increase [6]. - **PVC**: The market price of PVC in East, North, and South China has little change. Supply remains high, and demand is gradually picking up [7]. 3.2 Daily Data Monitoring The report provides the basis data of various energy and chemical products on August 12, 2025, including spot prices, futures prices, basis, basis rates, and their changes and historical quantiles [8]. 3.3 Market News - Trump will meet with Putin in Alaska on August 15 to negotiate an end to the Russia - Ukraine conflict. If no peace agreement is reached, sanctions on Moscow may be tightened [10]. - OPEC+ July crude oil production decreased to 41.65 million barrels per day. OPEC cut production by 190,000 barrels per day, and non - OPEC allies increased production by 50,000 barrels per day [10]. 3.4 Chart Analysis - **4.1 Main Contract Prices**: The report provides the historical price charts of the main contracts of various energy and chemical products from 2021 to 2025 [12][14][16][18][20][21][22]. - **4.2 Main Contract Basis**: The report provides the historical basis charts of the main contracts of various energy and chemical products from 2021 to 2025 [25][27][31][32][33][37]. - **4.3 Inter - period Contract Spreads**: The report provides the historical spread charts of different contracts of various energy and chemical products [39][41][44][47][49][52][55]. - **4.4 Inter - variety Spreads**: The report provides the historical spread and ratio charts between different varieties of energy and chemical products [57][62][63][65]. - **4.5 Production Profits**: The report provides the historical production profit charts of various energy and chemical products [66][67][69]. 3.5 Team Member Introduction - **Zhong Meiyan**: The assistant director of the institute and the director of energy and chemicals, with rich experience in futures derivatives market research [72]. - **Du Bingqin**: An analyst for crude oil, natural gas, fuel oil, asphalt, and shipping, with in - depth research on the energy industry [73]. - **Di Yilin**: An analyst for natural rubber and polyester, good at data analysis [74]. - **Peng Haibo**: An analyst for methanol, PE, PP, and PVC, with experience in combining financial theory and industrial operations [75].

Core Viewpoint - The Governor of the Bank of Japan, Kazuo Ueda, stated that food inflation may be a temporary supply shock [1] Group 1 - The Bank of Japan is monitoring the current inflation trends, particularly in food prices, which have been influenced by supply chain disruptions [1] - Ueda emphasized that the central bank's monetary policy will remain accommodative to support economic recovery despite rising food prices [1] - The potential for food inflation to stabilize in the future is being considered, as it may not reflect a long-term trend [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential for rising prices of corn, soybeans, and wheat due to supply shocks, while also indicating that unless adverse weather occurs, prices are more likely to decline than increase towards the end of the year [3][4]. Group 1: Price Trends and Predictions - If the growing season for corn is favorable, it is unlikely that any factors will prevent the downward trend of crude oil prices from affecting grain prices by 2025 [3]. - Corn prices may drop below $4 per bushel, rather than remaining above $5, due to increased supply elasticity and historical price trends [4][5]. - The market anticipates a corn yield of approximately 181 bushels per acre in 2025, compared to a five-year average of about 178 bushels per acre, with planting area expected to increase by about 6% to approximately 95 million acres [4]. Group 2: Historical Comparisons and Current Market Conditions - The pressure on soybean and grain prices may resemble the situation in the first half of 2018, where prices peaked until 2020 [9]. - Brazil's soybean exports have reached a record high of approximately 117 million tons, a 50% increase compared to 2018, significantly surpassing U.S. soybean exports [9]. - The number of open futures contracts for grains has surged to record levels in 2025, similar to conditions seen seven years prior [9][10]. Group 3: Influencing Factors on Grain Prices - The Bloomberg Commodity Index for grains is facing multiple pressures, including oversupply from South America, declining demand from China, and falling crude oil prices [12]. - The likelihood of a supply shock in corn-producing areas is considered low, with the expectation of continued downward pressure on prices due to excess oil and liquid fuel trends [12][13]. - Legislative support for biofuel demand or exports could potentially help boost grain prices if adverse weather does not occur [12].

Core Insights - The Bank of Japan's Governor Kazuo Ueda stated that Japan's core inflation is rising due to a combination of post-pandemic economic recovery, a tightening labor market, and supply shocks [1] Group 1 - The increase in core inflation is influenced by the economic recovery following the pandemic [1] - A tightening labor market is contributing to the rise in domestic prices and wage levels [1] - Supply shocks are also impacting the inflationary pressures in Japan [1]

Core Insights - The Bank of Japan, led by Governor Kazuo Ueda, is facing another round of supply shocks triggered by rising food prices [1] - The basic expectation is that the impact of food price inflation in Japan will gradually diminish [1] Group 1 - The current situation indicates a significant concern regarding food price inflation affecting the economy [1] - The Bank of Japan is monitoring the situation closely as it may influence monetary policy decisions in the future [1]

Group 1 - The Federal Reserve's recent policy adjustments, particularly regarding "supply shocks," indicate that unexpected events like energy crises and trade disputes may lead to increased price volatility, posing challenges for the U.S. economy and the Fed [3] - The Fed is considering revising its "average inflation targeting" framework to include a clearer definition of "shortages," which may allow for more flexible policy-making but also introduces greater uncertainty for the market [3][4] - Long-term interest rates are expected to rise, making borrowing more expensive and increasing financing pressures for companies, particularly in the housing market where mortgage rates have already exceeded 6% [4] Group 2 - The potential for rising tariffs, particularly in the context of U.S.-China trade relations, could lead to higher inflation and compressed corporate profits, necessitating caution for investors in sectors like manufacturing and retail that are sensitive to cost pressures [4] - Investors are advised to diversify their portfolios by including inflation-hedged assets such as gold and government bonds, and to focus on companies with pricing power that can pass on costs to consumers [5] - Continuous monitoring of economic indicators, especially inflation and employment data, is crucial as these will signal shifts in Federal Reserve policy and impact long-term investment strategies [6]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news highlights the weak performance of the U.S. retail market, which raises concerns about economic growth and boosts expectations for interest rate cuts, benefiting gold prices [1] - U.S. retail sales for April showed a month-on-month increase of 0.1%, surpassing market expectations of 0.0%, while March's data was revised significantly upward to a growth of 1.7% [1] - The control group data, which directly impacts GDP, decreased by 0.2%, contrary to market expectations of a 0.3% increase, casting a shadow over the start of the second quarter [1] Group 2 - Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell acknowledged that "supply shocks" may become the new normal, indicating that higher real interest rates could reflect more volatile inflation in the future [1] - The Fed's 2020 policy framework may shift focus away from employment gaps, as Powell stated that the central bank might not overly prioritize employment in the future [1] - The Fed adopted a "flexible average inflation targeting" approach, allowing inflation to exceed 2% for a period after being below that level for an extended time [1] Group 3 - Technical analysis of gold indicates a potential upward trend, with a recent price increase from 3120.0 to a peak of 3250.0, suggesting a possible shift in market momentum [4] - The trading strategy for gold suggests attempting to buy near 3211.0, with a stop loss at 3203.0 and targets set at 3231.0 and 3265.0 [2] - Silver prices also showed a bullish trend, recovering above the previous low of 31.87 and reaching a high of 32.67, indicating a potential upward movement [6]

原油日报 | 2025-05-16 市场要闻与重要数据 1、纽约商品交易所6月交货的轻质原油期货价格下跌1.53美元，收于每桶61.62美元，跌幅为2.42%；7月交货的伦 敦布伦特原油期货价格下跌1.56美元，收于每桶64.53美元，跌幅为2.36%。SC原油主力合约收跌3.53%，报462元/ 桶。 2、鲍威尔：将重新评估2020版货币政策框架的"关键部分"，长期利率可能走高，"供应冲击"或成新常态。"关键部 分"包括通胀目标和就业"缺口"的处理方式。鲍威尔表示，较高的实际利率可能反映了未来通胀可能比2010年代间 歇期更加波动的可能性，称"供应冲击"将"更频繁且可能更持久"，这对经济和央行来说是一个困难的挑战。（来源： Bloomberg） 3、美国4月PPI同比上涨2.4%低于预期，环比-0.5%，降幅创下五年来最大，主要由于企业利润率下滑。这表明企 业正在吸收部分关税带来的冲击，而非将成本全部转嫁给消费者。美国4月零售销售环比0.1%小幅超预期，表明消 费者在面对物价上涨和关税带来的担忧时，已经开始减少支出。在报告涵盖的13个商品类别中，有7个类别的销售 额出现了下降，其中体育用品、加油站和服装受到 ...

Group 1 - Federal Reserve Chairman Powell indicated a reassessment of key components of the 2020 monetary policy framework, suggesting that long-term interest rates may rise and "supply shocks" could become the new normal [1] - The U.S. April PPI increased by 2.4% year-on-year, which was below expectations, while the month-on-month change was -0.5%, marking the largest decline in five years [1] - U.S. April retail sales rose by 0.1% month-on-month, slightly exceeding expectations, but signs of weak consumer spending are emerging [1] Group 2 - Trump signed a $200 billion commercial agreement with the UAE to collaborate on building a 5GW data center in the UAE [1] - Qatar's sovereign wealth fund plans to invest $500 billion in the U.S. over the next decade as part of a "gift package" from Trump [1] - Iran expressed willingness to reach an agreement with the U.S., with a senior advisor stating that Iran would commit to never developing nuclear weapons in exchange for the lifting of U.S. sanctions [1] Group 3 - Hamas officials stated that they would hand over control of the Gaza Strip if a permanent ceasefire is achieved [1] - Alibaba's Q4 revenue grew by 7% year-on-year, which was below expectations, while Alibaba Cloud accelerated growth at 18%, and AI revenue has seen triple-digit growth for seven consecutive quarters [1] - Meta announced a delay in the release of its flagship AI model Behemoth, resulting in a more than 3% drop in its stock price [1] Group 4 - CoreWeave received a 7% stake from Nvidia and is set to provide $4 billion in cloud computing capacity to OpenAI [1] - Berkshire Hathaway significantly reduced its bank stock holdings in Q1, completely exiting its position in Citigroup, while maintaining its stake in Apple and doubling its holdings in a beer manufacturer, with some positions remaining confidential [1] - Walmart's Q1 sales increased by 2.5%, slightly below expectations, with the CFO warning that tariff price increases may begin this month [1]

他表示，经通胀调整后的更高利率可能反映出一种可能性，即未来通胀可能比2010年代危机间歇期更不稳定。 鲍威尔称，未来通胀可能更加波动，美国可能正在进入一个供应冲击更频繁、持续时间也更持久的时期。这对经济和央行来说都是一个艰巨的挑战。 鲍威尔指出，尽管美联储基准政策利率目前远高于零（当前处于4.25%至4.5%区间），但近几十年来，当经济陷入衰退时，美联储通常会将利率下调约500 个基点。 鲍威尔强调，将通胀预期维持在2%至关重要，这也是过去评估的核心要点。 当地时间5月15日，美联储主席鲍威尔在第二届托马斯·劳巴赫研究会议上发表讲话。 鲍威尔在讲话中重点关注了央行上次于2020年夏季进行的政策框架审查，他指出，过去五年来发生了重大变化。 在此期间，美联储经历了一段通胀飙升时期，迫使其采取了历史上激进的加息举措。鲍威尔表示，即使长期通胀预期与美联储2%的目标基本一致，接近零 利率的时代也不太可能在短期内回归。 以下是鲍威尔讲话全文（以下由AI翻译）： 早上好。今天我非常高兴欢迎大家的到来。Thomas Laubach 对联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）的研究与支持帮助我们更好地理解货币政策，因此今天以他的 名字继 ...