记者 洪俊杰 胡文容指出，加强基础研究是实现高水平科技自立自强的迫切要求，是建设世界科技强国的必由之 路，也是深入推进上海国际科创中心建设、增强科技创新策源功能的重中之重。要深入贯彻党的二十届 四中全会精神，按照市委部署要求，进一步坚定目标方向，充分发挥战略科学家的主导作用、新型研发 机构的带动作用，强化面向重大科学问题开展协同攻关，打造培育新质生产力的策源地。要进一步深化 机制创新，强化系统性组织保障，持续加强人才引进和培育，形成有利于潜心科研的制度体系，激发更 多"勇闯无人区"的先行者。要进一步营造创新氛围，以先行区为标杆，大力弘扬科学家精神，推广长周 期评价和稳定支持模式，积极打造尊重科学、尊重人才的新生态。市政协将继续发挥专门协商机构作 用，持续围绕基础研究关键环节和重点问题组织建言，希望广大政协委员继续关注、支持上海基础研究 工作，助力上海基础研究先行区建设取得新的突破。 市政协副主席钱锋主持座谈会。 11月20日，市政协围绕"发挥高校基础研究先行区示范作用，营造符合创新规律的科研生态情况"专 题开展年末委员视察，市政协主席胡文容参加。 委员们实地考察了上海海洋大学，并开展座谈交流，市教委、市科委、 ...

（图片来源：摄图网） 11月16日，施普林格·自然(Springer Nature)发布的《自然》增刊自然指数-科研城市报告。其中，中国在全球 科研城市十强中首次占据六席，占比超过一半。 这些城市及其排名如下： 北京（第1位） 杭州（第10位） 这是中国城市在全球科研城市排名中首次占比超过半数，较2023年增加一席，也是该榜单自发布以来，中国 科研城市取得的历史性突破。 此次报告中，中国城市在化学、物理科学以及地球与环境科学三大领域持续领先，成绩斐然。化学领域全球 前十首次全部被中国城市包揽。另外两个领域中国各占六席，北京均居首位。 在生物科学领域，西方城市仍占据优势，纽约与波士顿分列前两位，北京位列第三，全国第一。 北京的科研优势集中在化学、物理、地球与环境科学等基础学科领域，同时在生物科学和健康医学领域也处 于全球前列，形成了基础研究与生命科学并重的科研格局。这种多元协同的科研生态，为前沿产业突破埋下 了关键伏笔。 上海（第2位） 南京（第5位） 广州（第6位） 武汉（第8位） 其中，化学、物理、材料科学等学科处于全球领先地位，恰是破解人形机器人核心技术瓶颈的金钥匙。轻量 化结构材料、精密伺服电机、柔性电 ...

Group 1 - The core idea of the discussions among the academicians is the need for China to transition from following international trends to leading in technological innovation, emphasizing the importance of breaking new ground in research and development [1][2][3] - The meeting highlighted the significance of integrating various scientific disciplines, such as mathematics and artificial intelligence, to address practical industrial needs and foster original research that can solve critical issues [1][2] - The academicians stressed the importance of a supportive environment for innovation, which includes a flexible evaluation system that tolerates failure and a societal respect for creative endeavors [2] Group 2 - The discussions underscored the necessity for researchers to maintain a long-term commitment to their work, akin to "ten years sharpening a sword," and to embrace challenges in unknown territories of science [2] - The meeting concluded with a call for the Chinese Academy of Sciences to align its actions with the central government's strategic decisions, focusing on high-level technological self-reliance and innovation [2] - The academicians expressed that drawing inspiration from traditional Chinese culture can enhance innovation confidence and help China secure a competitive edge in the global technological landscape [3]

Core Insights - The AIMS telescope, the world's first dedicated mid-infrared solar magnetic field observation device, has been officially launched, enhancing human observation capabilities of the sun [1][2] - The development of AIMS fills a significant gap in international solar magnetic field observation in the mid-infrared spectrum, supporting China's leading position in solar physics research [1][3] Group 1: Technological Advancements - AIMS aims to improve magnetic field measurement precision to better than 10 Gauss and has developed the world's first mid-infrared Fourier spectrometer with ultra-high spectral resolution, achieving a 156-fold increase in spectral resolution compared to previous domestic levels [3] - The project has made several key technological breakthroughs since its initiation in 2015, including advancements in polarization measurement technology, which required starting from scratch due to the lack of existing mid-infrared measurement devices [3][4] Group 2: Collaborative Efforts - The AIMS telescope's development involved a multi-disciplinary collaborative effort, with various research institutes contributing to different components, ensuring organized and efficient project execution [3][4] - The project emphasized top-level design from the outset, allowing for smooth integration of various components without design rework issues [4] Group 3: Site Selection and Local Support - The site for AIMS was carefully chosen based on specific requirements such as long sunlight duration, dry climate, and high altitude, with Qinghai's Seishiteng Mountain ultimately selected after evaluating five potential locations [5] - Local government support was crucial for the project's success, facilitating the transportation of equipment and ensuring the necessary infrastructure was developed in a timely manner [5] Group 4: Team Dynamics and Challenges - The project team, primarily composed of young researchers, faced significant challenges due to high-altitude conditions, yet demonstrated resilience and commitment to advancing the project despite difficult living conditions [6] - The team successfully identified and resolved issues related to low-temperature effects on optical performance, showcasing their problem-solving capabilities and dedication to the project's success [6]

Core Insights - The AIMS telescope, the world's first dedicated mid-infrared solar magnetic field observation device, has been officially launched, enhancing human observation capabilities of the sun [2][3][4] - The development of AIMS fills a significant gap in international solar magnetic field observation in the mid-infrared band, providing a reference for future large astronomical equipment in high-altitude areas [3][4] Group 1: Technological Advancements - AIMS aims to improve magnetic field measurement precision to better than 10 Gauss and has developed the world's first mid-infrared Fourier spectrometer with both ultra-high spectral resolution and imaging capabilities, achieving a 156-fold increase in spectral resolution compared to previous domestic levels [5] - The project has made several key technological breakthroughs since its initiation in 2015, including advancements in polarization measurement technology, which required starting from scratch due to the lack of existing mid-infrared measurement devices [5][6] Group 2: Collaborative Efforts - The development of AIMS is a successful example of multidisciplinary collaboration, involving various research institutes such as the National Astronomical Observatories, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, and Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, among others [6][7] - The project emphasized top-level design and clear technical interfaces, which facilitated smooth integration of various components and minimized design rework [6] Group 3: Site Selection and Local Support - The site for AIMS was chosen based on strict requirements for sunlight exposure, dry climate, and thin air, with the final location being the Qinhai Lenghu Saishiteng Mountain after evaluating five potential sites [6][7] - Local government support was crucial for the project's construction, providing assistance such as helicopter transport for equipment to the high-altitude site [7] Group 4: Team Dynamics and Challenges - The project team, primarily composed of young researchers, faced significant challenges due to high-altitude conditions, including cold temperatures and scarce resources, yet they remained committed to advancing the project [8] - During the testing phase, the team identified and resolved issues related to low-temperature effects on imaging quality, demonstrating their problem-solving capabilities and dedication [8]

Core Insights - The AIMS telescope, the world's first dedicated mid-infrared solar magnetic field observation device, has been officially launched, enhancing human observation capabilities of the sun [2][3] Group 1: Technological Advancements - AIMS telescope aims to improve magnetic field measurement precision to better than 10 Gauss and has developed the world's first mid-infrared Fourier spectrometer with ultra-high spectral resolution, achieving a 156-fold increase in spectral resolution compared to previous domestic levels [5] - The project has made significant technological breakthroughs since its inception in 2015, including the development of polarization measurement technology for mid-infrared wavelengths, which required starting from scratch due to the lack of existing devices and components [5][6] Group 2: Collaborative Efforts - The development of the AIMS telescope involved a multi-disciplinary collaborative effort, with various research institutes contributing to different components, ensuring a well-coordinated project without design rework issues [6][7] - The project emphasized top-level design and clear communication of technical requirements among participating institutions, which facilitated smooth integration of various parts [6] Group 3: Site Selection and Local Support - The telescope's location was carefully chosen based on criteria such as long sunlight duration, dry climate, and high altitude, with Qinghai's Seishiteng Mountain ultimately selected after evaluating five potential sites [7] - Local government support was crucial for the project's success, providing assistance in transporting equipment to the high-altitude site [7] Group 4: Team Dynamics and Challenges - The project team, primarily composed of young researchers, faced significant challenges due to high-altitude conditions, yet they demonstrated resilience and commitment to advancing the project despite difficult living conditions [8] - During the testing phase, the team successfully identified and resolved issues related to low temperatures affecting imaging quality, showcasing their problem-solving capabilities [8]

Core Insights - The AIMS telescope, the world's first dedicated instrument for observing solar magnetic fields in the mid-infrared spectrum, has been officially launched, enhancing human observation capabilities of the sun [1][2][3] Group 1: Technological Advancements - AIMS telescope aims to improve magnetic field measurement precision to better than 10 Gauss, with a Fourier spectrometer achieving a spectral resolution 156 times higher than previous domestic levels [3][4] - The project has made significant technological breakthroughs since its inception in 2015, including the development of the largest mid-infrared wave plate made from cadmium selenide [3][4] Group 2: Collaborative Efforts - The development of the AIMS telescope involved a multi-disciplinary approach with collaboration among various research institutes, ensuring smooth integration of different components [4][5] - The project emphasized top-level design and clear communication of technical requirements among participating organizations, which minimized design rework [4] Group 3: Site Selection and Local Support - The telescope's location in Qinghai's Se Shiteng Mountain was chosen for its optimal conditions for solar observation, including long sunlight hours and dry climate [5] - Local government support was crucial for the project's infrastructure development, including the use of helicopters for transporting equipment to the high-altitude site [5] Group 4: Team Dynamics and Challenges - The project team, primarily composed of young researchers, faced significant challenges due to high-altitude conditions, yet demonstrated resilience and commitment to advancing the project [6] - The team successfully identified and resolved issues related to low-temperature effects on optical performance, showcasing their problem-solving capabilities [6] Group 5: Future Directions - AIMS telescope has already collected valuable mid-infrared data on solar flares, contributing to the understanding of energy transfer mechanisms during solar eruptions [6] - The project aims to maintain and operate the telescope effectively while focusing on cutting-edge scientific research in solar physics [6]

Core Insights - Guangdong is accelerating the construction of a strong provincial innovation system during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on enhancing the supply capacity of original innovations and promoting the synergy between technological and industrial innovations [1][3]. Innovation Achievements - The "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" innovation cluster has achieved the highest global innovation index [2]. - R&D expenditure in Guangdong has surpassed 510 billion yuan, maintaining its leadership nationwide [2]. - The province has cultivated nine trillion-yuan industrial clusters, with the core AI industry exceeding 220 billion yuan, accounting for approximately one-third of the national total [2]. - Guangdong ranks first in the number of high-value invention patents and high-tech enterprises in the country [2]. Open Innovation Ecosystem - The construction of the Cold Spring Ecosystem Research Facility in Nansha is progressing, which will enhance marine science research and support the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an international technology innovation center [4][6]. - Guangdong has established 26 key innovation platforms along the Greater Bay Area's technology innovation corridors, with a significant increase in cross-border collaboration and patent applications [5][6]. Foundation of Innovation - Guangdong is strengthening its foundational research capabilities, with over one-third of provincial R&D funds allocated to basic research [7][8]. - The province has initiated the "卓粤" plan to enhance basic research and has established a multi-faceted funding system to support it [7][8]. Technological Advancements - The collaboration between Kingmed Diagnostics, Tencent, and Guangzhou Medical University has led to the development of the DeepGEM pathology model, which predicts lung cancer gene mutations with high accuracy [9]. - The AI industry in Guangdong is rapidly growing, with the core industry scale expected to exceed 220 billion yuan by 2024 [9][10]. Future Directions - Guangdong plans to enhance strategic orientation and systematic planning in major platform construction, key technology breakthroughs, and application of research outcomes to further strengthen its position as a technology innovation powerhouse [10][11].

Core Insights - Shanghai is focusing on fundamental research, with an expected share of 11% of total R&D investment in 2024 [1] - The city is encouraging researchers to tackle world-class challenges, exemplified by projects like dark matter detection and brain-computer interfaces [1][11] - Shanghai's scientific community is actively engaging in national science projects, with 5,037 projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation in 2024, amounting to 3.426 billion yuan, a 2.7% increase from the previous year [1] Group 1: Dark Matter Research - The PandaX team has been exploring dark matter 2,400 meters underground for 16 years, utilizing a multi-ton liquid xenon detector [2][4] - Despite observing many new signals, the detection of dark matter remains elusive, with the team achieving a milestone in sensitivity by detecting solar neutrinos [4] Group 2: Brain-Computer Interface Development - Shanghai is a leading city in brain-computer interface technology, with a comprehensive R&D system covering invasive, semi-invasive, and non-invasive techniques [11] - A patient named Dong, who underwent a brain-computer interface surgery, has shown significant progress, now able to write after initially being able to drink water [11] - The city aims to establish a high-quality brain-control system and achieve clinical applications for semi-invasive interfaces by 2027, with a complete product line by 2030 [11][12] Group 3: Collaborative Research and Innovation - The research institute is fostering a collaborative environment, integrating various scientific disciplines and industry support for large-scale scientific projects [5][6] - Shanghai's "Explorer Program" encourages enterprises to increase investment in fundamental research, expanding from 2 to 12 collaborating companies since its inception [7] Group 4: Future Industry Development - Shanghai is not only focusing on fundamental research but also aims to develop disruptive technologies and establish future industry clusters [8] - The city is positioning itself as a hub for brain-computer interface innovation, with plans for a national-level industry development zone [9]

Group 1 - The city has achieved significant results in the approval of National Natural Science Foundation projects, with 230 projects announced, an 8% increase compared to the previous year, and funding of 93.72 million yuan, a 5.3% growth [1] - The Provincial Natural Science Foundation projects also saw success, with 108 projects approved and funding of 30.25 million yuan, ranking third in the number of projects and fourth in funding within the province, indicating a robust development in basic research [1] - The projects are primarily concentrated in Jiangsu University (154 projects), Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (74 projects), and Jiangsu Agricultural and Forestry Vocational Technical College (2 projects), reflecting the city's enhanced research capabilities and innovation levels [1] Group 2 - The city has organized the application for three key laboratory restructuring projects, which were approved by the Provincial Science and Technology Committee, ranking among the top in the province [2] - The successful approval of the Jiangsu Province Concept Verification Center in the field of deep-sea new energy equipment marks a breakthrough for the city at this platform level, providing strong support for original innovation and achievement transformation [2]