生态环境部应对气候变化司司长夏应显表示，纳入碳市场将有效推动钢铁、水泥、铝冶炼这三个行 业绿色低碳转型，有效压实企业的减排责任，为国家温室气体排放控制目标实现提供有效保障。 新华社北京11月24日电（记者高敬）《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的 建议》提出，扩大全国碳排放权交易市场覆盖范围。 2021年7月，以发电行业为突破口，全国碳排放权交易市场启动上线交易。今年3月，全国碳排放权 交易市场首次扩围，钢铁、水泥、铝冶炼行业纳入碳排放权交易市场管理。 日前，生态环境部印发《2024、2025年度全国碳排放权交易市场钢铁、水泥、铝冶炼行业配额总量 和分配方案》，这是碳排放权交易市场扩围工作的重要部署安排。方案发布后，生态环境部门将下发 2024年度配额，重点排放单位将于年内完成首次配额清缴。明年上半年，生态环境部门将下发2025年度 预分配配额。重点排放单位应在明年年底前完成2025年度配额清缴工作。 他还表示，全国碳排放权交易市场扩围将会驱动更多企业通过有关技术创新、节能技改、提升管理 效益等方式减少碳排放，进而有效带动低碳、零碳、负碳技术的研发和投资，为重点排放单位的绿色低 碳转型提供技 ...

Core Viewpoint - Green development is emphasized as a fundamental aspect of China's modernization, with a focus on achieving carbon peak and expanding the national carbon emissions trading market [1] Group 1: National Carbon Emissions Trading Market - The national carbon emissions trading market has been operational for four years, covering over 2,200 key emission units in the power sector, making it the largest carbon market globally in terms of greenhouse gas emissions coverage [1] - The market's design optimization and the relationship between local pilot markets and the national unified carbon market are critical issues that need to be addressed [1][2] - The carbon price fluctuations reflect the market's sensitivity to policy changes, with significant price movements observed around compliance deadlines [3][4] Group 2: Local Carbon Markets - Local carbon markets have provided valuable experience for the national carbon emissions trading market, but they should not disrupt the national market's construction and must complement it [2] - Local pilot markets can focus on managing small and medium-sized enterprises and explore total carbon emission quota controls tailored to local needs [2] Group 3: Carbon Price Dynamics - Carbon price fluctuations are normal, with the market currently being a compliance-driven one, where prices have shown a pattern of rising before compliance deadlines and stabilizing afterward [3][4] - Recent policies, such as the allocation and transfer of quotas, may lead to increased supply and potential price declines [4] Group 4: Market Stability and Risk Management - Establishing a robust market adjustment mechanism is essential to stabilize carbon prices and address market issues, emphasizing the need for transparency and stability in policies [5] - The involvement of financial institutions in the carbon market is encouraged, but it requires the establishment of sound trading and risk management systems [6] Group 5: Preparation for EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism - Companies should prepare for the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism by enhancing their carbon trading systems and ensuring accurate carbon footprint calculations [6][7] - Businesses are advised to adopt low-carbon practices and develop internal carbon management systems to effectively track emissions and identify reduction opportunities [7]

Core Viewpoint - China is playing a significant role in global climate governance and is actively promoting South-South cooperation to address climate change, receiving high praise from the international community [1][3]. Group 1: South-South Cooperation Initiatives - China has implemented over 300 capacity-building projects for developing countries to combat climate change [3]. - A total of 55 memorandums of understanding on South-South cooperation have been signed with 43 developing countries, focusing on low-carbon demonstration zones and climate change adaptation projects [3][4]. - The "African Light Belt" flagship project aims to provide electricity to approximately 50,000 impoverished households in Africa, with cooperation agreements signed with seven African countries [4]. Group 2: Capacity Building and Training - China has conducted over 300 capacity-building projects, providing training for more than 10,000 individuals from over 120 developing countries to enhance their climate change response capabilities [5]. - The country is committed to ongoing training programs focused on mitigation, adaptation, and funding themes to support developing nations [6]. Group 3: Carbon Market and Industry Transition - The steel, cement, and aluminum industries have been included in the national carbon emissions trading market, which is expected to enhance emission reduction responsibilities and drive low-carbon investments [7][8]. - The carbon market's expansion is anticipated to lower overall emission reduction costs, with the power generation sector already achieving a reduction of approximately 35 billion yuan in costs during the first two compliance cycles [8]. - Future plans include tightening emissions quotas for these industries and expanding the carbon market's coverage to optimize resource allocation for carbon reduction [9].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is accelerating the construction of a national carbon market, aiming for comprehensive coverage of major industrial sectors by 2027 [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Carbon Market Expansion - The national carbon emissions trading market will expand its coverage to include major emission industries in the industrial sector by 2027 [1] Quota Control and Allocation - Implementation of total quota control and paid allocation will transition from intensity control to total control, gradually increasing the proportion of paid allocation [1] Quota Tightening and Price Signals - There will be a gradual tightening of quotas to enhance the scarcity of carbon allowances, aiming to provide clearer price signals for structural optimization and green low-carbon transformation in key industries [1] Voluntary Emission Reduction Market - The establishment of a voluntary emission reduction trading market will be accelerated, focusing on developing a comprehensive methodological system to support autonomous emission reductions and ecological value conversion [1] Market Vitality and Financial Products - Efforts will be made to enhance the vitality of the national carbon market by exploring green financial products and services related to carbon allowances and certified voluntary emission reductions, while also increasing the types and numbers of market participants [1]

Core Viewpoint - China announced new national contributions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 7% to 10% from peak levels by 2035, aiming for significant advancements in renewable energy and carbon trading markets [1] Group 1: Emission Reduction Goals - By 2035, China's total greenhouse gas emissions are targeted to decrease by 7% to 10% from peak levels [1] - The goal aligns with the requirements of the Paris Agreement, reflecting China's commitment to climate change mitigation [1] Group 2: Renewable Energy Targets - Non-fossil energy consumption is expected to account for over 30% of total energy consumption [1] - Installed capacity for wind and solar power is projected to exceed six times that of 2020, aiming for 360 million kilowatts [1] Group 3: Forest and Vehicle Initiatives - Forest stock volume is targeted to reach over 24 billion cubic meters [1] - New energy vehicles are expected to become the mainstream of new vehicle sales [1] Group 4: Carbon Trading and Climate Adaptation - The national carbon emissions trading market will cover major high-emission industries [1] - A climate-resilient society is aimed to be fundamentally established [1]

Group 1 - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has included major cases of violations related to the national carbon emission trading market and the national voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market in the list of cases under special supervision [1][3] - Eight categories of ecological and environmental violations with clear illegal subjects and facts will be subject to special supervision to enhance the investigation and resolution of prominent ecological damage and environmental pollution issues [1][4] - The management measures for special supervision of ecological and environmental violations have been published, which require public disclosure of handling results and acceptance of public supervision [1][3] Group 2 - Major violations in the carbon market include failure to fulfill payment obligations, data falsification, illegal trading, and fraudulent qualifications of trading entities [3] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will conduct on-site inspections for cases proposed for special supervision and will issue notifications to relevant provincial ecological and environmental departments upon approval [4] - The special supervision process includes administrative penalties, orders for correction, and potential criminal referrals for serious violations [4][5]