智通财经记者 刁凡超 数据显示，2025年，北京市PM2.5年均浓度为27.0微克/立方米，同比下降11.5%，为有监测以来首次低 于"30微克"，北京市大气污染治理取得里程碑式突破。 空气质量实现全面达标。2025年，与PM2.5一样，其他主要污染物也进一步改善。其中，可吸入颗粒物 （PM10）、二氧化氮（NO2）和臭氧（O3）浓度分别为48、22、159微克/立方米，同比下降11.1%、 8.3%、7.0%；SO2、CO分别为4微克/立方米、0.9毫克/立方米，继续保持极低浓度水平。六项污染物全 部达到国家标准，空气质量实现全面达标。 空气质量优良天比率首次超八成。2025年，北京市空气质量优良天数为311天，同比增加21天，空气质 量优良天比率达85.2%，首次超过八成，为有监测以来最多；全年共出现重污染日1天，较上年减少1 天，为有监测以来最少。 北京"常态蓝"的实现，离不开全社会共同努力，离不开区域协同共治。北京市生态环境局副局长刘保献 说，未来五年，北京市将继续锚定目标、久久为功，把大气污染防治深度融入经济社会发展全局，加快 经济社会发展全面绿色转型，以PM2.5治理为主线，以减污降碳协同增效为抓 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of achieving coordinated reduction of pollution and carbon emissions as a central strategy for promoting comprehensive green transformation in economic and social development [1][4][10]. Group 1: Background and Current Status - China's ecological civilization construction has entered a new phase focused on coordinated reduction of pollution and carbon emissions, promoting comprehensive green transformation in economic and social development [2][4]. - Since the 18th National Congress, China has made historic achievements in ecological civilization, with continuous improvement in environmental quality and significant reduction in carbon emission intensity [2][3]. Group 2: Characteristics of the New Phase - The new phase prioritizes carbon reduction as the strategic direction, shifting the focus from pollution reduction to carbon emission control [3]. - The goals have evolved to include multiple objectives such as environmental quality improvement and achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality [3]. - A multi-level governance network has emerged, involving various stakeholders including government and enterprises, fostering long-term interaction mechanisms [3]. Group 3: Importance of Coordinated Reduction - Achieving coordinated reduction of pollution and carbon emissions is essential for the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, serving as a core component and guiding principle [5][6]. - The 14th Five-Year Plan outlines key indicators that reflect both pollution reduction and carbon intensity reduction, establishing clear targets for green transformation [6]. Group 4: Implementation Strategies - The article suggests integrating coordinated reduction into national planning and ecological environment special planning, optimizing technical and task lists for implementation [10]. - It advocates for policy innovation and the establishment of a standard system for coordinated reduction, including incentives for industries to adopt green practices [11]. Group 5: Contributions to Global Sustainability - China has significantly contributed to global sustainability through the development of new energy vehicles and renewable energy, leading the world in production and job creation in these sectors [9].

Core Viewpoint - The Shaanxi Provincial Ecological Environment Department is actively implementing the "Three Years" initiative to enhance the business environment, improve the capabilities of officials, and promote high-quality projects, focusing on ecological protection and pollution control, thereby advancing the construction of a beautiful Shaanxi [2][4][14]. Group 1: Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development - The department emphasizes the integration of ecological protection and high-quality development, particularly in the Qinling Mountains and the Yellow River basin, while also addressing air pollution in the Guanzhong area [2][4][14]. - In 2023 and 2024, Shaanxi Province received an "excellent" rating in the national pollution prevention and control assessment, significantly enhancing the ecological environment satisfaction among residents [2][4]. Group 2: Pollution Control and Environmental Quality - The ecological quality index for the Qinling section in Shaanxi is expected to reach the highest category by 2024, with over 99% of the area maintaining good ecological quality [4][15]. - The Yellow River's water quality in Shaanxi has consistently met Class II standards for three consecutive years, with ongoing efforts to protect water sources [4][15]. - By 2024, 96.4% of national control sections in the province are projected to meet Class I to III water quality standards, improving by 7.2 percentage points since 2020 [16]. Group 3: Economic and Administrative Reforms - The department is implementing reforms to streamline administrative processes, including a "two-in-one" approval system for environmental assessments and pollutant discharge permits, significantly reducing project approval times [5][23]. - As of September 2025, 95.3% of provincial key projects have completed environmental assessment procedures, with a 65% reduction in approval times compared to legal requirements [19][23]. Group 4: Green and Low-Carbon Development - Shaanxi is promoting green and low-carbon development as a fundamental strategy to address ecological issues, with initiatives like the "Carbon Benefit Sanqin" platform facilitating carbon asset management for enterprises [17]. - By September 2025, the province has participated in national carbon market transactions totaling 2.703 billion yuan [17]. Group 5: Enhancing Business Environment - The department is committed to optimizing the business environment in the ecological sector, implementing measures to support private sector development and reduce burdens on enterprises [22][24]. - A comprehensive administrative enforcement system is being established to enhance regulatory efficiency and reduce the compliance burden on businesses [24][25].

Group 1 - The Shanghai carbon market has cumulatively traded 265 million tons of carbon emissions since its inception in 2013, with a total transaction value of 5.544 billion yuan, making it the only pilot region in China to achieve 100% compliance for twelve consecutive years [1] - Shanghai has implemented an "electricity-carbon" collaborative mechanism, with green electricity transactions exceeding 8 billion kilowatt-hours from January to September 2025, and has introduced incentives for outstanding companies, offering free quota rewards of 0.3% or 0.5% [1] - The carbon market in Shanghai covers over 400 enterprises across 28 industries, including steel, chemicals, automotive, aviation, and water transport, with a total carbon quota of approximately 100 million tons [1] Group 2 - Shanghai has organized 16 sessions of paid quota auctions by August 2025, with a total of 26.68 million tons of quotas auctioned and a total transaction value of 628 million yuan [2] - The city is promoting carbon financial innovations, forming a "carbon spot + carbon forward" linkage model, and has developed various financial products such as carbon funds, carbon trusts, and carbon insurance [2] - A carbon inclusive management platform has been established, attracting over 200,000 citizens to open accounts and involving nearly 500 distributed photovoltaic projects, resulting in the issuance of over 100,000 tons of emission reductions [2] Group 3 - Future plans for the Shanghai carbon market include enhancing operational capabilities and focusing on three major actions: improving the carbon trading market, incentivizing voluntary greenhouse gas reductions, and enhancing innovation capabilities [3] - The city has outlined 16 key reform tasks, including establishing quota management systems, improving greenhouse gas reporting, and enriching carbon financial products and services [3] - Shanghai aims to stimulate market vitality by expanding market participants, integrating carbon assets into financial institutions' collateral, and developing a carbon account system based on corporate carbon performance [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, along with four other departments, has issued the "Steel Industry Growth Stabilization Work Plan (2025-2026)", emphasizing the need for low-emission transformation and energy efficiency improvements in the steel sector [1] Group 1: Emission Reduction and Energy Efficiency - The plan aims to fully complete the ultra-low emission transformation targets by the end of 2025 [1] - Support will be provided for steel enterprises to implement energy efficiency enhancement modifications and promote the substitution of clean energy [1] - The industry will conduct research on collaborative pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology pathways [1] Group 2: Low-Carbon Technologies - The plan supports research and development of low-carbon common technologies such as hydrogen metallurgy [1] - It emphasizes accelerating the pilot verification and industrialization of integrated processes and equipment for green electricity, green hydrogen, and pure hydrogen metallurgy [1] Group 3: Digitalization and Carbon Management - The industry is encouraged to establish digital carbon management centers [1] - There will be a focus on developing a carbon footprint accounting standard system for steel products and enhancing carbon measurement management [1] - The plan aims to improve the quality of carbon accounting data and ensure proper quota trading and settlement after inclusion in the national carbon emission trading market [1]

Core Insights - The Chinese carbon market has achieved a cumulative transaction volume of nearly 49 billion yuan, indicating significant progress in carbon trading and emissions reduction efforts [1] Group 1: Air Quality Improvement - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment reported that PM2.5 concentrations in key regions are projected to decrease by 18%, 10%, and 20% by 2024 compared to 2020 levels [1] - Nationally, PM2.5 concentrations are expected to drop to 29.3 micrograms per cubic meter in 2024, a reduction of 16.3% from 2020, with good air quality days increasing to 87.2% [3] - From January to August, PM2.5 concentrations in cities decreased by 1.2 micrograms per cubic meter, a 4.6% decline year-on-year [3] Group 2: Water Quality and Pollution Control - Over 90% of major rivers and lakes have achieved good water quality, with the proportion of good water quality monitoring points reaching 90.4% for the first time [3] - The Ministry has identified over 360,000 pollution outlets and completed remediation in major river basins, achieving a 90% completion rate [2] Group 3: Soil and Solid Waste Management - The Ministry has implemented soil pollution prevention actions, completing pollution tracing in 132 key counties and achieving over 45% rural sewage treatment [1][2] - The "No Waste City" initiative is being advanced, with a complete ban on foreign waste imports and actions against illegal waste disposal [2] Group 4: Carbon Emission Reduction Initiatives - The country has completed ultra-low emissions upgrades for 1.12 billion kilowatts of coal power and 950 million tons of crude steel capacity [2] - A voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market has been initiated, enhancing the internal drive for green development [2] Group 5: Biodiversity and Ecological Protection - The area of ecological protection red lines has exceeded 30%, with 90% of terrestrial ecosystem types and 74% of key wildlife populations effectively protected [2] - The Ministry has addressed 4,545 key issues related to national nature reserves, with most rectifications completed [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is making significant strides in green low-carbon development, focusing on pollution reduction and carbon emission control, as highlighted in a recent press conference by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment [1] Group 1: Green Development Initiatives - A total of 1.12 billion kilowatts of coal power units and 950 million tons of crude steel capacity have completed ultra-low emission transformations [1] - The establishment of the world's largest carbon emission trading market is underway, covering over 60% of the national carbon emissions [1] - The initiation of a voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market is in progress, alongside efforts to accelerate the establishment of a product carbon footprint management system [1] Group 2: Impact on Innovation and Growth - There is a noticeable increase in the intrinsic motivation for green development and innovation vitality [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of establishing a policy environmental impact assessment (EIA) system to enhance decision-making processes and support the construction of a beautiful China, drawing on the experiences of the social stability risk assessment (SRA) system [1][3]. Group 1: Policy Environmental Impact Assessment - The new regulation requires local government leaders to analyze and predict environmental impacts before making significant administrative decisions, providing a direct basis for policy EIAs [1]. - The establishment of the policy EIA system is seen as a crucial step towards improving the scientific, democratic, and legal levels of decision-making, ultimately contributing to high-quality development [1]. Group 2: Lessons from Social Stability Risk Assessment - The SRA system, initiated in 2005, has evolved through various stages, culminating in the formal establishment of the mechanism in 2012, which serves as a model for the development of the policy EIA system [2]. - The experiences from the SRA system highlight the need for a systematic approach to policy EIAs, including pilot projects to test and refine methodologies [4]. Group 3: Integration with National Strategies - The policy EIA should align with the goals of the beautiful China initiative, integrating environmental considerations into all aspects of economic and social development [3]. - The policy EIA can help identify solutions to significant resource and environmental issues that hinder the beautiful China initiative, such as the management of industrial waste [3]. Group 4: Implementation Strategies - The article suggests using pilot projects to promote the policy EIA system, allowing for practical exploration of methods and mechanisms while providing demonstrative support for policy formulation [4]. - The 2019 Interim Regulations on Major Administrative Decision-Making emphasize the importance of risk assessments, including environmental risks, which can serve as a foundation for the policy EIA [5]. Group 5: Incentives for Local Governments - Establishing an incentive mechanism for local governments to conduct policy EIAs is crucial, as it can enhance their willingness to engage in these assessments without fearing restrictions on decision-making [6]. - Integrating policy EIAs into local government performance evaluations can motivate officials to prioritize environmental assessments in their planning and decision-making processes [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implementation of the "Nitrous Oxide Emission Control Action Plan" in the industrial sector, aiming to enhance the recovery and control of nitrous oxide emissions, thereby promoting a green and low-carbon industrial transformation by 2030 [3][4]. Summary by Sections Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Industry - Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the third-largest greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane, with a global warming potential approximately 300 times that of CO2. In 2021, China's total nitrous oxide emissions were 2.102 million tons, accounting for 4.3% of total greenhouse gas emissions, with industrial processes contributing 580,000 tons, or 27.6% [3][4]. Key Industries and Emission Sources - The primary sources of nitrous oxide emissions in the industrial sector are the production processes of adipic acid, nitric acid, and caprolactam, with adipic acid being the largest contributor. China's production capacity for these chemicals exceeds 50% of the global total, and this capacity is expected to continue growing [4][6]. Emission Reduction Potential - The "Global Nitrous Oxide Assessment" report by the United Nations Environment Programme indicates that achieving high scenario reductions globally could lead to a potential reduction of 115 million tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually from the industrial sector alone [4][6]. Benefits of Emission Control - Effective control of nitrous oxide emissions can provide climate benefits by mitigating global warming, environmental benefits through the reduction of other pollutants, and economic benefits via resource recovery. This initiative is expected to encourage companies to innovate production processes and enhance resource efficiency [6][7]. Support and Funding Mechanisms - The action plan suggests utilizing funding channels to support the construction of nitrous oxide recovery and purification facilities, as well as emission reduction devices in key industries. It encourages climate financing and the inclusion of projects with nitrous oxide reduction benefits in ecological and climate financing support programs [7][8]. Technological Innovation and Collaboration - Continuous research and development of key technologies for source and process control, resource utilization, and monitoring are emphasized. The establishment of a reporting system for nitrous oxide emissions from key enterprises and the exploration of automatic monitoring systems are also recommended [7][8]. Strategic Goals - The initiative aims to transition from end-of-pipe treatment to lifecycle management of nitrous oxide emissions, aligning with the goals of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and promoting green development under the Belt and Road Initiative [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is implementing a comprehensive action plan to control nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the industrial sector, aiming for significant reductions and technological advancements by 2030 [1][2]. Group 1: Policy and Action Plan - The "Action Plan" aims to enhance N2O emission control policies, improve reduction technology innovation capabilities, and strengthen emission management in the industrial sector by 2030 [1][4]. - The plan specifically targets the adipic acid, nitric acid, and caprolactam industries, which are the primary sources of industrial N2O emissions [2][4]. - By 2021, China's total N2O emissions were 2.102 million tons, accounting for 4.3% of total greenhouse gas emissions, with industrial production contributing 580,000 tons [1]. Group 2: Industry Focus and Potential - The adipic acid, nitric acid, and caprolactam industries account for over 50% of global production capacity, with expected growth in capacity [2]. - The potential for N2O reduction in the industrial sector is estimated at 115 million tons of CO2 equivalent annually if high scenario reductions are achieved globally [2]. Group 3: Environmental and Economic Benefits - Controlling N2O emissions not only mitigates climate change but also offers environmental benefits by reducing other pollutants and economic benefits through resource recovery [4][5]. - The plan encourages investment in N2O recovery and reduction technologies, promoting projects with N2O reduction benefits to be included in financial support programs [4][5]. Group 4: Technological Innovation and Collaboration - Continuous research and development of key technologies for source control, resource utilization, and monitoring are emphasized [5]. - The establishment of a reporting system for N2O emissions from key enterprises and the development of monitoring standards are part of the strategy [5].