报告还指出，随着经济增长放缓，预计拉美地区的就业增长也将受限。此外，预计2025年至2026年 该地区通货膨胀率将保持在3%左右，由于国际粮食和能源价格都可能上升，通胀上行压力和风险持续 存在。 报告认为，应从提升财政支出效率、优化税收管理、改革国际金融体系、完善主权债务解决机制、 加强开发银行在资源调动中的作用等方面入手，提升拉美地区发展融资能力。 新华社圣地亚哥8月5日电（记者朱雨博）联合国拉丁美洲和加勒比经济委员会（拉加经委会）5日 在智利首都圣地亚哥发布的年度经济研究报告中指出，2025年拉美和加勒比地区经济预计增长2.2%， 2026年将增长2.3%。 报告指出，2025年至2026年，受地缘政治冲突加剧、金融环境紧缩、国际贸易疲软等外部因素和消 费萎靡等内部因素影响，拉美地区经济前景面临高度不确定性，或将导致该地区国家赤字扩大，对外资 产生更多依赖。 分区域来看，报告预计南美洲经济今年将增长2.7%，高于地区平均水平，这主要得益于阿根廷、 厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚等国的经济表现；中美洲和墨西哥经济将增长1.0%，增速同比大幅下滑，主要由 于来自美国的需求缩水；加勒比地区（不含圭亚那）经济将增长1.8%， ...

Core Insights - China's manufacturing sector holds over 30% of global manufacturing output, while G7 countries combined are roughly equal, yet the financial market's pricing power remains dominated by the West [2][4][8] - Despite being a major exporter, China earns disproportionately low profits compared to its manufacturing output due to the dominance of the US dollar in global trade and finance [4][5][10] Group 1: Trade and Economic Dynamics - China's share of global goods exports has consistently exceeded 14%, reaching nearly 18% post-pandemic, while the US maintains around 8% [2] - The majority of global oil transactions (over 95%) are conducted in US dollars, forcing China to convert its earnings into dollars for purchasing essential commodities [5] - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) voting power is heavily skewed, with the US holding 16.5% and China only 6.08%, reflecting the systemic financial rules that favor Western nations [5][7] Group 2: Financial System and Profitability - Chinese investments in US Treasury bonds yield returns that do not keep pace with inflation, effectively financing the US government's fiscal deficits [7] - The current financial system allows Western countries to extract profits from China's manufacturing efforts while placing inflationary pressures back onto China [4][12] - Chinese companies often accept low-profit margins to secure positions in global supply chains, resulting in a scenario where they perform high-value work but receive minimal financial returns [8][14] Group 3: Systemic Challenges and Future Outlook - The existing financial and trade systems are not merely a result of market evolution but are shaped by historical dependencies and institutional negotiations that favor Western powers [8][12] - Efforts by China to establish currency swaps and promote local currency settlements are limited in effectiveness as long as the dollar remains the primary currency for commodity transactions [10][12] - The potential for change exists, but it may arise from external pressures on the US financial system rather than proactive measures from China [16][18]

Core Points - The 2025 Lujiazui Forum in Shanghai announced eight measures to promote the construction of an international financial center, highlighting China's commitment to welcoming foreign investment in its financial market [2][3] - Shanghai aims to enhance its global financial resource allocation capabilities and build world-class exchanges, while continuing to optimize its financial market structure and deepen market connectivity [4][7] - The National Financial Regulatory Administration emphasized its unwavering determination to expand high-level financial openness and create a mutually beneficial financial development framework [5][6] Group 1: Measures to Attract Foreign Investment - The forum revealed multiple policies aimed at boosting foreign financial investment in China, providing significant confidence to foreign financial institutions [3][5] - Specific initiatives include optimizing the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (QFII) system and expanding the range of tradable products for foreign investors [5][6] - The introduction of a series of facilitation policies, such as reducing the negative list for capital project income usage, aims to support international economic cooperation [2][6] Group 2: Financial Market Development - The Shanghai government plans to enhance the efficiency and activity of its financial market, focusing on internationalization and structural optimization [4][7] - The National Financial Regulatory Administration will replicate successful practices from free trade zones to promote greater openness in the financial sector [4][6] - Future initiatives will include promoting cross-border capital pooling for multinational corporations and encouraging green foreign debt policies [7][8] Group 3: Regulatory Environment and Support - The regulatory bodies are committed to creating a transparent, stable, and predictable policy environment for foreign investors [5][9] - Continuous optimization of the foreign investment business environment is a priority, with a focus on legal construction and maintaining fair market order [5][10] - The forum highlighted the importance of foreign institutions in China's capital market, emphasizing their role in enhancing governance and operational efficiency [7][9]