Core Insights - The U.S. is on the brink of a debt crisis, with a national debt of $36.7 trillion and annual interest payments reaching $1 trillion, surpassing the defense budget [1] - The crisis is exacerbated by hedge funds increasing leveraged investments in U.S. Treasury bonds, leading to a significant drop in overnight reverse repo balances, indicating liquidity risks [2] - There are allegations of "duplicate accounting" in U.S. Treasury records, suggesting potential overstatement of the $36 trillion debt, raising concerns about a possible "technical default" [4] Group 1: Government Actions - The Trump administration has introduced the "Trump Gold Card" program, requiring 30% of a $5 million investment to be used for purchasing U.S. Treasury bonds, aiming to raise $5 trillion if 1 million cards are sold [6] - Tariff strategies have been employed against allies and adversaries, with varying rates aimed at generating investment in the U.S. and offsetting debt [6] - The administration is also pushing for a "Lakewood Manor Agreement" to convert existing debt into 100-year zero-coupon bonds, which could reduce annual interest payments by $400 billion [8] Group 2: Economic Implications - The "Big and Beautiful Act" is projected to add $3.4 trillion to the deficit over the next decade, compounding existing financial issues [11] - The U.S. economy is facing a "debt death spiral," necessitating a reduction of the deficit to 3% of GDP to stabilize the situation [11] - The potential revaluation of gold reserves could significantly impact the financial landscape, with current accounting values far below market prices, leading to volatility in gold prices and broader financial markets [10] Group 3: Market Reactions - Following the announcement of the "Trump Gold Card," the S&P 500 index fell by 4%, and the yield on 10-year Treasury bonds surged to 5.5% [6] - The market's expectations for interest rate cuts are low, with only a 4.1% probability of a rate cut in July, indicating skepticism about the administration's monetary policy strategies [8] - The EU and China are preparing retaliatory measures against U.S. tariffs, which could further strain economic relations and impact U.S. industries [10]

2025.07. 04 本文字数：2845，阅读时长大约5分钟 作者 | 第一 财经 高雅 美国总统特朗普力推的"大而美"减税法案赶在他设定的7月4日最后期限之前被送到他桌上签署，但 这份法案将对美国能源和医疗保健造成伤害。 当地时间7月3日，这项法案以218比214的票数通过众议院。"大而美"法案旨在以一揽子立法实现 特朗普的几项核心政策目标，为了延长现行减税政策并增加国防及边境安全预算，将削减医疗补助 （Medicaid）和食品援助项目支出，并取消对电动汽车和太阳能项目的政府支持。 但根据美国国会预算办公室（CBO）的估算，预计到2034年，该法案将使国家债务增加4.1万亿美 元，并使1180万美国人失去医保。美国民调公司晨间咨询（Morning Consult）最近调查结果显 示，50%的选民反对"大而美"法案的内容，支持率则为36%。 全球经济分析公司BCA研究地缘政治首席策略师格特钦（Matt Gertken）对第一财经记者表示，该 法案的通过是意料之中，因为美国必须提高国家债务上限，以避免发生技术性违约，同时也要防止在 2026年增税3500亿美元从而对共和党的中期选举产生冲击。不过，法案的通过， ...

Core Points - The "Big and Beautiful" tax bill is facing significant resistance in the House of Representatives, with President Trump urging its passage by July 4 [1][3] - The bill, after being amended and passed in the Senate, must return to the House for a final vote, where it faces opposition from some Republican members [3][4] - The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the bill will increase national debt by $4.1 trillion over the next decade, which is $1.1 trillion more than the previous House version [3][4] Group 1: Legislative Process - The Senate passed the bill with a tie-breaking vote from Vice President Pence, but it must now be re-voted in the House due to significant amendments [3] - The House Freedom Caucus has expressed dissatisfaction with the Senate version, citing excessive cuts to Medicaid and high tax reductions [4] - The White House is actively lobbying to secure votes, with Trump and other officials meeting with dissenting members [5][6] Group 2: Economic Impact - The CBO's model predicts that the Senate bill will result in a $3.4 trillion deficit, increasing to $4.1 trillion when including interest costs [7] - The White House argues that the bill will lead to stronger economic growth, countering CBO's predictions of long-term negative impacts [7] - Research indicates that the bill could lead to higher interest rates and a significant increase in the debt-to-GDP ratio, potentially reaching 183% by 2054 [8]