学思践悟习近平同志在闽金融论述与实践启示 福建红色金融历史积淀深厚，红色金融文化基因发展传承。19世纪20至30年代，中国共产党人在闽西苏 区筚路蓝缕、以启山林，开创了中国革命金融事业的先河，先后创办了闽西首家红色银行（蛟洋农民银 行）、首批红色信用合作社（永定太平区信用合作社）、首家股份制商业银行（闽西工农银行），邓子 恢、曹菊如、赖祖烈、黄亚光等一大批革命先驱走上了红色金融事业的舞台，为苏区金融事业发展奠定 了制度基础、资金基础和人才基础。习近平总书记曾深情地说，"闽西，我很熟悉"，强调要"确保革命 传统和优良作风薪火相传"。 乘改革开放东风，在经济体制转轨的时代背景下，福建经济金融先行先试走在全国前列。改革开放是党 和人民事业大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝。改革开放初期，中国探索建立社会主义市场经济体制。1979 年，党中央、国务院决定在深圳、珠海、汕头、厦门试办经济特区，福建省成为最早实施对外开放的省 份之一。1992年，党的十四大正式确立了建设"社会主义市场经济体制"的目标，经济发展迈入快车道。 1985年6月至2002年10月，习近平同志先后在厦门、宁德、福州和福建省委、省政府工作，在此期间， 习近平同 ...

防范化解金融风险是金融工作的永恒主题。从一定程度上看，金融是经济的镜像，经济领域的很多问题 往往通过金融的端口显现并向外溢出，与金融风险相互交织、彼此传导。因此，防范化解金融风险既是 维护国家金融安全的应有之义，也是实现经济高质量发展的重要一环。 目前，我国金融体系总体稳健，金融机构整体健康，金融市场运行平稳。中国人民银行行长潘功胜9月 22日在国务院新闻办公室举行的新闻发布会上表示，按照中央部署，要有序处置金融领域一批突出风险 点，有效防范化解外部风险对我国金融市场的外溢和冲击，有力保护广大储户、中小投资者利益。 完善公司治理机制是化解重点领域风险、整治金融乱象的关键抓手。观察个别金融机构此前的出险案例 不难发现，公司治理机制不完善是主因。与个人独资、合伙企业相比，公司制企业的一个普遍特征是所 有权与控制权分离，股东将部分经营决策权授予管理者，二者形成委托代理关系。但由于二者信息不对 称，后者可能为了自身利益作出有损股东与公司利益的决策。代理问题也普遍存在于大股东与中小股东 之间，后者难以对前者开展有效监督。由此，大股东操纵、内部人员控制等问题便产生了，引发诸多金 融乱象。公司治理机制就是为了防范、缓解上述 ...

张乐夫一行实地考察省文投集团、南京扬子国投集团，深入了解相关工作情况。督办会上，南京扬子国 投集团介绍企业改革转型情况，提案者介绍提案核心关切，省财政厅、省委金融办、省发展改革委、省 国资委、省数据局等单位介绍提案办理情况，与会委员就加快推动平台公司市场化转型和债务风险化解 提出意见建议。 张乐夫表示，要深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于金融工作的重要论述，深刻认识防范化解金融风险是金 融工作的永恒主题，按照中央部署及省委要求，坚持在发展中化债、在化债中发展。要充分发挥政协专 门协商机构作用，围绕分类推动融资平台改革转型、加快压降融资平台债务规模、强化融资平台投资项 目管理等方面深入调研、积极建言，有力有序有效助推地方融资平台出清，为巩固拓展经济回升向好势 头、扛好经济大省挑大梁责任作出积极贡献。 本报讯(记者方思伟)9月24日，省政协副主席张乐夫就"江苏省地方政府平台公司产业转型升级"重点提 案开展专题督办调研。 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the significant achievements in the financial sector during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, highlighting reforms in financial systems, services to the real economy, support for technological development, and risk prevention [1][2] - The financial regulatory system reform has been successfully completed, enhancing the legal framework of China's capital market [1] - A series of milestone policies have been introduced to support the development of the technology industry, accelerating the formation of a comprehensive financial ecosystem covering the entire lifecycle of technological innovation [1] Group 2 - Effective resolution of financial risks in high-risk areas such as local government financing, real estate, and small financial institutions has been achieved during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, laying a solid foundation for economic development in the "15th Five-Year Plan" [2] - The macroeconomic policy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" has focused on domestic priorities while balancing internal and external factors, ensuring ample liquidity to support economic development in the "15th Five-Year Plan" [2]

Group 1 - The report highlights significant achievements in China's financial industry during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on reforms, support for the real economy, technological development, and risk management [3][4]. - A total of 170 trillion yuan was provided to the real economy through various financial instruments over the past five years, with the balance of inclusive loans to small and micro enterprises reaching 36 trillion yuan, 2.3 times that of the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [3][4]. - The report emphasizes the strong support for the technology sector, with annual growth rates exceeding 20% for loans to technology SMEs, inclusive small and micro loans, and green loans [4]. Group 2 - Financial risk management has been effectively addressed, with measures taken to resolve risks in key areas, including local government financing platforms and small financial institutions [4]. - The report notes that the A-share market's resilience and risk resistance have improved, with the annualized volatility of the Shanghai Composite Index decreasing by 2.8 percentage points compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan" [4]. - The monetary policy remains supportive, with an emphasis on maintaining liquidity and reducing financing costs to support economic development in the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" [4].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) emphasizes the significant achievements in China's financial sector under the strong leadership of the Communist Party, highlighting the importance of maintaining financial stability and preventing systemic risks [1][2]. Financial Sector Achievements - As of June 2023, China's banking sector total assets reached nearly 470 trillion yuan, ranking first globally; the stock and bond markets are the second largest in the world; and foreign exchange reserves have been the largest for 20 consecutive years [2]. - The effectiveness of financial services to the real economy has significantly improved, with an average annual growth rate of over 20% in loans to technology-based SMEs, inclusive small and micro enterprises, and green loans during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [2]. Risk Management and Financial Stability - The PBOC is actively addressing prominent risk points in the financial sector as per central directives, effectively mitigating external risks and protecting the interests of depositors and small investors [2]. - The overall financial system remains stable, with financial institutions in good health and the financial market operating smoothly [2]. Monetary Policy and Economic Support - The current monetary policy stance is supportive and moderately accommodative, aimed at ensuring ample liquidity, reducing overall financing costs, and promoting consumption and effective investment [3]. - The PBOC plans to utilize various monetary policy tools based on macroeconomic conditions to maintain stability in the financial markets and keep the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level [3]. Long-term Financial Development Goals - Building a strong financial nation requires sustained efforts, and the PBOC will continue to implement central decision-making and high-standard planning for the development of the financial sector during the "15th Five-Year Plan" [3].

Core Insights - The Chinese financial sector has achieved significant accomplishments during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with comprehensive reforms and improvements in governance, risk management, and international competitiveness [1][2][3] Group 1: Financial Achievements - Under the leadership of the Communist Party, the financial system has undergone deep reforms, enhancing the governance framework and modernizing capabilities [1] - The financial services quality, efficiency, and inclusiveness have significantly improved, with a complete and competitive financial institution and product system [1] - Financial risks in key areas have been effectively managed, maintaining a baseline to prevent systemic financial risks [1][2] Group 2: Regulatory Developments - The National Financial Regulatory Administration has prioritized risk prevention and resolution, particularly focusing on small and medium-sized financial institutions [2] - A significant reduction in the number of high-risk institutions and assets has been achieved, with many provinces reaching a "dynamic zero" status for high-risk small institutions [2] - The China Securities Regulatory Commission has worked to stabilize the market and enhance regulatory frameworks, contributing to a healthy market environment [2] Group 3: Foreign Exchange Management - The foreign exchange sector has effectively balanced development and security, supporting a new development pattern with stable international payments and enhanced service quality [3] - China's foreign exchange reserves have remained stable above $3 trillion during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [3] - Future plans include establishing a more convenient, open, secure, and intelligent foreign exchange management system to support modernization efforts [3]

Group 1 - The Chinese government is promoting high-quality development in industrial parks, focusing on green infrastructure construction [1] - The People's Bank of China reported that foreign exchange reserves have remained stable above $3 trillion, contributing to economic stability [2] - The loan market quoted interest rates (LPR) remain unchanged at 3.0% for 1-year and 3.5% for over 5 years [2] Group 2 - The international gold price has increased by over 42% in 2025, with spot gold reaching a high of $3728.40 per ounce [3] - The Chinese Navy has successfully completed the first catapult launch and recovery training of new aircraft on the Fujian aircraft carrier, marking a significant milestone in naval development [2] - A food safety incident in Guizhou province involved 136 out of 187 individuals hospitalized due to salmonella infection from contaminated sandwiches [4]

Core Insights - The banking and insurance sectors in China have total assets exceeding 500 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 9% over the past five years, solidifying their position as the largest credit market and the second-largest insurance market globally [1] Group 1: Industry Strength and Growth - The comprehensive strength of the industry has significantly increased, with trust, wealth management, and insurance asset management institutions managing nearly 100 trillion yuan, doubling since the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [2] - Chinese banks occupy six out of the top ten positions in the global top 1,000 banks, with 143 Chinese banks listed [2] - The banking and insurance sectors have provided an additional 170 trillion yuan in funding to the real economy through various means such as credit, bonds, and equity over the past five years [2] Group 2: Financial Support and Structural Optimization - The financial regulatory authority has focused on optimizing financial resource allocation, emphasizing "increasing supply, optimizing structure, and addressing shortcomings" [2] - Infrastructure loan balances reached 54.5 trillion yuan, a 62% increase from the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [2] - Loans to high-tech enterprises have reached nearly 19 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate exceeding 20% [2] - A mechanism to support financing for small and micro enterprises has been established, resulting in 22 trillion yuan in loans issued since last year [2] Group 3: Risk Management and Regulatory Measures - The primary responsibility of the financial regulatory authority is to prevent and mitigate financial risks, with a focus on the orderly resolution of risks in small and medium-sized financial institutions [4] - A strategy of "stabilizing the overall situation, coordinating efforts, categorizing measures, and precise dismantling" has been implemented to achieve significant progress in risk prevention [4] - Specific measures include tailored reform plans for high-risk institutions and the promotion of mergers, restructuring, and market exits [4] - The regulatory authority has also been active in addressing risks in the real estate sector and local government debt, establishing a financing coordination mechanism for urban real estate [4] Group 4: Legislative and Regulatory Updates - The revision of the insurance law is being accelerated, with ongoing improvements to regulatory systems to keep pace with developments [5]

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) emphasizes the significant achievements in China's financial sector under the strong leadership of the Central Committee, highlighting a focus on maintaining systemic financial stability [1][2] Group 1: Financial Sector Achievements - As of June 2023, China's banking sector total assets reached nearly 470 trillion yuan, ranking first globally; stock and bond market sizes are second in the world; and foreign exchange reserves have been the largest for 20 consecutive years [2] - The quality and efficiency of financial services to the real economy have significantly improved, with a supportive monetary policy stance aiding the successful completion of the "14th Five-Year Plan" economic and social development goals [2] - During the "14th Five-Year" period, loans to technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, inclusive small and micro loans, and green loans have seen an average annual growth rate exceeding 20% [2] Group 2: Risk Management and Financial Stability - The PBOC is actively addressing prominent risk points in the financial sector as per central directives, effectively mitigating external risks to protect the interests of depositors and small investors [2] - The overall financial system remains stable, with financial institutions in good health and financial markets operating smoothly [2] Group 3: Monetary Policy and Economic Support - The PBOC maintains a supportive monetary policy stance, ensuring liquidity and promoting a decline in overall financing costs to boost consumption and expand effective investment [3] - The central bank plans to utilize various monetary policy tools based on macroeconomic conditions to maintain financial market stability and keep the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level [3] - The PBOC emphasizes the need for long-term efforts to build a strong financial nation, aligning with central decision-making to plan for the development of the financial sector during the "15th Five-Year Plan" [3]